Mare aging as young as 10 years old alters gene expression and structure of term placenta without affecting foal growth - Biologie de la reproduction, environnement, épigénétique et développement Accéder directement au contenu
Poster De Conférence Année : 2022

Mare aging as young as 10 years old alters gene expression and structure of term placenta without affecting foal growth

Résumé

Maternal aging, excluding extreme ages, is associated with increased foal weight/size and heavier/more voluminous placenta. Maternal parity is a confounding factor as it is often strongly correlated with maternal age. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of mare age, while excluding a parity effect, on placental structure and gene expression and foal growth and health. Placentas from 10 young (6-year-old, YM) and 12 older (>10-year-old, OM) multiparous mares of similar parity were recovered, measured and weighted after foaling. Placental structure was analyzed by stereology on HES stained histological slides. Paired-end RNA-sequencing was performed on 6 placentas/group (Illumina, NextSeq500). Differential expression was analyzed (DESeq2) using a false discovery rate <0.05 cutoff. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was performed using KEGG and GO BP databases. Foal growth was monitored from birth to 18 months of age (m). At 6 and 12 m, carbohydrate metabolism was assessed using frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests and joint X-rays were performed to detect osteoarticular lesions. Stereology, growth and FSIVGTT parameters were analyzed using a linear model with permutations. Fisher tests were used to analyze the prevalence of osteochondrosis (OCD). Placental weight, volume and surface did not vary according to maternal age. The area of allantoic vessels was reduced (p=0.02) while volume of microcotyledon connective tissue (p=0.05) and total microcotyledon (p=0.08) tended to be increased in OM. Of the 14,716 expressed genes identified in placentas, only 9 were differentially expressed between groups. Pathways enriched in OM were related to immunity whereas those enriched in YM were related to tissue genesis. Neither foal growth nor OCD were affected by maternal age. A decreased insulin pancreas response (p=0.08) with increased basal glycemia (p=0.05) tended to be present in female OM foals at 6m. Basal glycemia (p=0.02) and insulinemia (p=0.03) were increased in YM foal at 12m. Mares’ age did not alter gross morphology but slightly perturbed term placenta histology and function, suggesting long term adaptation. Growth and prevalence of OCD did not differ but carbohydrate metabolism of foals was affected by maternal age.
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Dates et versions

hal-03716763 , version 1 (07-07-2022)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-03716763 , version 1

Citer

E Derisoud, S Gastaldo, O Valais, Luc Jouneau, Van Cauter, et al.. Mare aging as young as 10 years old alters gene expression and structure of term placenta without affecting foal growth. 19th International Congress on Animal Reproduction, Jun 2022, Bologna, Italy. , p. 192, 2022, Abstract book ICAR 2020+2. ⟨hal-03716763⟩
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