L. Batra and S. Batra, Termite-fungus mutualism Insect-fungus symbiosis?nutrition, mutualism , and commensalism, pp.117-163, 1979.

P. Bayman, P. Angulo-sandoval, Z. Baez-ortiz, and J. Lodge, Distribution and dispersal of Xylaria endophytes in two tree species in Puerto Rico, Mycological Research, vol.102, issue.8, pp.944-948, 1998.
DOI : 10.1017/S095375629700590X

L. Belbahri, G. Calmin, E. Sanchez-hernandez, T. Oszako, and F. Lefort, sp. nov. isolated from Poland, Spain and France: its morphology and molecular phylogenetic position, FEMS Microbiology Letters, vol.255, issue.2, pp.209-214, 2006.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00059.x

F. Brunner and O. Petrini, Taxonomy of some Xylaria species and xylariaceous endophytes by isozyme electrophoresis, Mycological Research, vol.96, issue.9, pp.723-733, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80440-1

C. Currie, B. Wong, A. Stuart, T. Schultz, S. Rechner et al., Ancient Tripartite Coevolution in the Attine Ant-Microbe Symbiosis, Science, vol.299, issue.5605, pp.386-388, 2003.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1078155

E. Davis, J. Franklin, J. Shaw, and R. Vilgalys, Endophytic Xylaria (Xylariaceae) among liverworts and angiosperms: phylogenetics, distribution, and symbiosis, American Journal of Botany, vol.90, issue.11, pp.1661-1667, 2003.
DOI : 10.3732/ajb.90.11.1661

H. De-fine-licht, J. Boomsma, and D. Aanen, Presumptive horizontal symbiont transmission in the fungus-growing termite Macrotermes natalensis, Molecular Ecology, vol.129, issue.2, pp.3131-3138, 2006.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2006.03008.x

J. Felsenstein, Confidence Limits on Phylogenies: An Approach Using the Bootstrap, Evolution, vol.39, issue.4, pp.783-791, 1985.
DOI : 10.2307/2408678

L. Guo, K. Hyde, and E. Liew, Identification of endophytic fungi from Livistona chinensis based on morphology and rDNA sequences, New Phytologist, vol.147, issue.3, pp.617-630, 2000.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00716.x

R. Heim, Termites et champignons. Paris: Editions Boubée, 1977.

P. Jouquet, J. Dauber, J. Lagerlö-f, P. Lavelle, and M. Lepage, Soil invertebrates as ecosystem engineers: Intended and accidental effects on soil and feedback loops, Applied Soil Ecology, vol.32, issue.2, pp.153-164, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.07.004

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/bioemco-00139210

Y. Ju and H. Hsieh, in Taiwan, Mycologia, vol.99, issue.6, pp.936-957, 2007.
DOI : 10.1080/15572536.2007.11832525

H. Katoh, T. Miura, K. Maekawa, N. Shinzato, and T. Matsumoto, Genetic variation of symbiotic fungi cultivated by the macrotermitine termite Odontotermes formosanus (Isoptera: Termitidae) in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Molecular Ecology, vol.18, issue.8, pp.1565-1572, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/0305-0491(92)90194-V

I. Larena, O. Salazar, V. Gonzalez, M. Julian, and V. Rubio, Design of a primer for ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer with enhanced specificity for ascomycetes, Journal of Biotechnology, vol.75, issue.2-3, pp.187-194, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0168-1656(99)00154-6

J. Lee, K. Ko, and H. Jung, based on nuclear ribosomal ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequences, FEMS Microbiology Letters, vol.187, issue.1, pp.89-93, 2000.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2000.tb09142.x

D. Morakotkarn, H. Kawasaki, and T. Seki, Molecular diversity of bamboo-associated fungi isolated from Japan, FEMS Microbiology Letters, vol.266, issue.1, pp.10-19, 2007.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00489.x

U. Mueller and G. N. , Fungus-farming insects: Multiple origins and diverse evolutionary histories, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.99, issue.24, pp.15247-15249, 2002.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.242594799

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC137700

I. Okane and A. Nakagiri, Taxonomy of an anamorphic xylariaceous fungus from a termite nest found together with Xylaria angulosa, Mycoscience, vol.48, issue.4, pp.240-249, 2007.
DOI : 10.1007/S10267-007-0361-9

J. Rogers, The Xylariaceae: Systematic, Biological and Evolutionary Aspects, Mycologia, vol.71, issue.1, pp.1-41, 1979.
DOI : 10.2307/3759218

?. Samuels and G. , Ascomycetes of New Zealand 8, Xylaria. N Z J Bot, vol.24, pp.615-650, 1986.

?. Ju, Y. Lehmann, and J. , Some Xylaria on termite nests, Mycologia, vol.97, pp.914-923, 2005.

. Rouland-lefevre, Symbiosis with fungi Termites: evolution, sociability, symbiosis and ecology, pp.289-306, 2000.

?. Diouf, M. Brauman, A. Neyra, and M. , Phylogenetic relationships in Termitomyces (family Agaricaceae) based on the nucleotide sequence of ITS: a first approach to elucidate the evolutionary history of the symbiosis between fungus-growing termites and their fungi, Mol Phylogenet Evol, vol.22, pp.423-429, 2002.

?. Inoue, T. Johjima, and T. , Termitomyces/termite interactions Intestinal microorganisms of soil invertebrates, pp.335-350, 2006.

N. Saitou and M. Nei, The neighbor joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees, Mol Biol Evol, vol.4, pp.406-425, 1987.

W. Sands, The Association of Termites and Fungi, Biology of termites, vol.I, pp.495-524, 1969.
DOI : 10.1016/B978-0-12-395529-6.50020-9

N. Shinzato, M. Muramatsu, Y. Watanabe, and T. Matsui, Termite-Regulated Fungal Monoculture in Fungus Combs of a Macrotermitine Termite Odontotermes formosanus, Zoological Science, vol.22, issue.8, pp.917-922, 2005.
DOI : 10.2108/zsj.22.917

L. Sreerama and P. Veerabhadrappa, Isolation and properties of carboxylesterases of the termite gut-associated fungus, Xylaria nigripes. k., and their identity from the host termite, Odentotermes horni. w., mid-gut carboxylesterases, International Journal of Biochemistry, vol.25, issue.11, pp.1637-1651, 1993.
DOI : 10.1016/0020-711X(93)90523-H

D. Swofford, PAUP*: phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (*and other methods) Version 3.1, 1993.

J. Thompson, T. Gibson, F. Plewniak, F. Jeanmougin, and D. Higgins, The CLUSTAL_X windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools, Nucleic Acids Research, vol.25, issue.24, pp.4876-4882, 1997.
DOI : 10.1093/nar/25.24.4876

A. Visser, V. Ros, W. De-beer, A. Debets, E. Hartog et al., species associated with fungus-growing termites: a phylogenetic approach, Molecular Ecology, vol.100, issue.3, pp.553-567, 2009.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.04036.x

A. Whalley, The xylariaceous way of life, Mycological Research, vol.100, issue.8, pp.897-922, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/S0953-7562(96)80042-6

T. White, T. Burns, S. Lee, T. J. Innes, M. Gelfand et al., Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics PCR protocols, a guide to methods and applications, pp.315-322, 1990.

T. Wood and R. Thomas, The Mutualistic Association between Macrotermitinae and Termitomyces, Insect-fungus interactions, pp.69-92, 1989.
DOI : 10.1016/B978-0-12-751800-8.50009-4