M. Lynch and J. B. Walsh, Genetics and Analysis of Quantitative Traits, vol.980, 1998.

O. Bossdorf, C. L. Richards, and M. Pigliucci, Epigenetics for ecologists. Ecol Lett, vol.11, pp.106-115, 2008.

S. Kalisz and M. D. Purugganan, Epialleles via DNA methylation: consequences for plant evolution, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol.19, pp.309-314, 2004.

R. A. Martienssen and V. Colot, DNA methylation and epigenetic inheritance in plants and filamentous fungi, Science, vol.293, pp.1070-1074, 2001.

E. J. Richards, Inherited epigenetic variation-revisiting soft inheritance, Nat Rev Genet, vol.7, pp.395-401, 2006.

E. J. Richards, Population epigenetics, Curr Opin Genet Dev, vol.18, pp.221-226, 2008.

A. E. Peaston and E. Whitelaw, Epigenetics and phenotypic variation in mammals, Mamm Genome, vol.17, pp.365-374, 2006.

P. Cubas, C. Vincent, and E. Coen, An epigenetic mutation responsible for natural variation in floral symmetry, Nature, vol.401, pp.157-161, 1999.

K. Manning, M. Tor, M. Poole, Y. Hong, and A. J. Thompson, A naturally occurring epigenetic mutation in a gene encoding an SBP-box transcription factor inhibits tomato fruit ripening, Nat Genet, vol.38, pp.948-952, 2006.

H. D. Morgan, H. G. Sutherland, D. I. Martin, and E. Whitelaw, Epigenetic inheritance at the agouti locus in the mouse, Nat Genet, vol.23, pp.314-318, 1999.

V. K. Rakyan, S. Chong, M. E. Champ, P. C. Cuthbert, and H. D. Morgan, Transgenerational inheritance of epigenetic states at the murine Axin(Fu) allele occurs after maternal and paternal transmission, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, vol.100, pp.2538-2543, 2003.

F. Johannes, V. Colot, and R. C. Jansen, Epigenome dynamics: a quantitative genetics perspective, Nat Rev Genet, vol.9, pp.883-890, 2008.

M. W. Vaughn, T. Ic, M. Lippman, Z. Jiang, H. Carrasquillo et al., Epigenetic Natural Variation in Arabidopsis thaliana, PLoS Biol, vol.5, p.174, 2007.

X. Zhang, S. Shiu, C. A. Borevitz, and J. O. , Global analysis of genetic, epigenetic and transcriptional polymorphisms in Arabidopsis thaliana using whole genome tiling arrays, PLoS Genet, vol.4, p.1000032, 2008.

T. Kakutani, J. A. Jeddeloh, and E. J. Richards, Characterization of an Arabidopsis thaliana DNA hypomethylation mutant, Nucleic Acids Res, vol.23, pp.130-137, 1995.

A. Vongs, T. Kakutani, R. A. Martienssen, and E. J. Richards, Arabidopsis thaliana DNA methylation mutants, Science, vol.260, pp.1926-1928, 1993.

J. A. Jeddeloh, T. L. Stokes, and E. J. Richards, Maintenance of genomic methylation requires a SWI2/SNF2-like protein, Nat Genet, vol.22, pp.94-97, 1999.

Z. Lippman, A. V. Gendrel, M. Black, M. W. Vaughn, and N. Dedhia, Role of transposable elements in heterochromatin and epigenetic control, Nature, vol.430, pp.471-476, 2004.

A. Miura, S. Yonebayashi, K. Watanabe, T. Toyama, and H. Shimada, Mobilization of transposons by a mutation abolishing full DNA methylation in Arabidopsis, Nature, vol.411, pp.212-214, 2001.

T. Singer, C. Yordan, and R. A. Martienssen, Robertson's Mutator transposons in A. thaliana are regulated by the chromatin-remodeling gene Decrease in DNA Methylation (DDM1), Genes Dev, vol.15, pp.591-602, 2001.

F. K. Teixeira, F. Heredia, A. Sarazin, F. Roudier, and M. Boccara, A Role for RNAi in the Selective Correction of DNA Methylation Defects, Science, vol.323, pp.1600-1604, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00400271

T. Kakutani, J. A. Jeddeloh, S. K. Flowers, K. Munakata, and E. J. Richards, Developmental abnormalities and epimutations associated with DNA hypomethylation mutations, Proc Natl Acad Sci, pp.12406-12411, 1996.

T. Kakutani, Genetic characterization of late-flowering traits induced by DNA hypomethylation mutation in Arabidopsis thaliana, Plant J, vol.12, pp.1447-1451, 1997.

W. J. Soppe, S. E. Jacobsen, C. Alonso-blanco, J. P. Jackson, and T. Kakutani, The late flowering phenotype of fwa mutants is caused by gain-of-function epigenetic alleles of a homeodomain gene, Mol Cell, vol.6, pp.791-802, 2000.

T. L. Stokes, B. N. Kunkel, and E. J. Richards, Epigenetic variation in Arabidopsis disease resistance, Genes Dev, vol.16, pp.171-182, 2002.

H. Saze and T. Kakutani, Heritable epigenetic mutation of a transposonflanked Arabidopsis gene due to lack of the chromatin-remodeling factor DDM1, Embo J, vol.26, pp.3641-3652, 2007.

S. E. Jacobsen, H. Sakai, E. J. Finnegan, X. Cao, and E. M. Meyerowitz, Ectopic hypermethylation of flower-specific genes in Arabidopsis, Curr Biol, vol.10, pp.179-186, 2000.

M. Kato, K. Takashima, and T. Kakutani, Epigenetic control of CACTA transposon mobility in Arabidopsis thaliana, Genetics, vol.168, pp.961-969, 2004.

S. W. Chan, D. Zilberman, Z. Xie, L. K. Johansen, and J. C. Carrington, RNA silencing genes control de novo DNA methylation, Science, vol.303, p.1336, 2004.

S. J. Cokus, S. Feng, X. Zhang, Z. Chen, and B. Merriman, Shotgun bisulphite sequencing of the Arabidopsis genome reveals DNA methylation patterning, Nature, vol.452, pp.215-219, 2008.

R. Lister, R. C. O'malley, J. Tonti-filippini, B. D. Gregory, and C. C. Berry, Highly integrated single-base resolution maps of the epigenome in Arabidopsis, Cell, vol.133, pp.523-536, 2008.

C. Pal and I. Miklos, Epigenetic inheritance, genetic assimilation and speciation, J Theor Biol, vol.200, pp.19-37, 1999.

K. L. Adams and J. F. Wendel, Polyploidy and genome evolution in plants, Curr Opin Plant Biol, vol.8, pp.135-141, 2005.

R. A. Rapp and J. F. Wendel, Epigenetics and plant evolution, New Phytol, vol.168, pp.81-91, 2005.

E. Jablonka, B. Oborny, I. Molnar, E. Kisdi, and J. Hofbauer, The adaptive advantage of phenotypic memory in changing environments, Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, vol.350, pp.133-141, 1995.

C. H. Waddington, Canalization of development and genetic assimilation of acquired characters, Nature, vol.183, pp.1654-1655, 1959.

N. C. Whitelaw and E. Whitelaw, Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance in health and disease, Curr Opin Genet Dev, vol.18, pp.273-279, 2008.

, Sitter RR (1992) A resampling procedure for complex survey data, The Journal of the American Statistical Association, vol.87, pp.755-765

R. R. Sitter, Comparing three boostrap methods for survey data, The Canadian Journal of Statistics, vol.20, pp.135-154, 1992.

D. S. Falconer and T. Mackay, Introduction to Quantitative Genetics, 1996.

R. Team, R: A language and environment for statistical computing, 2007.

A. Miura, M. Kato, K. Watanabe, A. Kawabe, and H. Kotani, Genomic localization of endogenous mobile CACTA family transposons in natural variants of Arabidopsis thaliana, Mol Genet Genomics, vol.270, pp.524-532, 2004.