D. Alameda and R. Villar, Linking root traits to plant physiology and growth in Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. seedlings under soil compaction conditions, Environmental and Experimental Botany, vol.79, pp.49-57, 2012.

A. Iii, An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, vol.161, pp.105-121, 2009.

R. D. Bardgett, W. D. Bowman, R. Kaufmann, and S. K. Schmidt, A temporal approach to linking aboveground and belowground ecology, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol.20, pp.634-641, 2005.

R. D. Bardgett, L. Mommer, and F. T. De-vries, Going underground: root traits as drivers of ecosystem processes, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol.29, pp.692-699, 2014.

A. G. Bengough, M. F. Bransby, J. Hans, S. J. Mckenna, T. J. Roberts et al., Root responses to soil physical conditions; growth dynamics from field to cell, Journal of Experimental Botany, vol.57, pp.437-447, 2006.

A. G. Bengough, B. M. Mckenzie, P. D. Hallett, and T. A. Valentine, Root elongation, water stress, and mechanical impedance: a review of limiting stresses and beneficial root tip traits, Journal of Experimental Botany, vol.62, pp.59-68, 2011.

, Version postprint Comment citer ce document

G. Freschet, O. J. Valverde-barrantes, . Tucker, J. Craine, M. L. Mccormack et al.,

A. J. Bloom, S. S. Sukrapanna, and R. L. Warner, Root respiration associated with ammonium and nitrate absorption and assimilation by barley, Plant Physiology, vol.99, pp.1294-1301, 1992.

M. C. Brundrett, Coevolution of roots and mycorrhizas of land plants, New Phytologist, vol.154, pp.275-304, 2002.

M. W. Cadotte, J. Cavender-bares, D. Tilman, and T. H. Oakley, Using phylogenetic, functional and trait diversity to understand patterns of plant community productivity, PLoS ONE, vol.4, p.5695, 2009.

C. Ceccon, M. Tagliavini, A. O. Schmitt, and D. M. Eissenstat, Untangling the effects of root age and tissue nitrogen on root respiration in Populus tremuloides at different nitrogen supply, Tree Physiology, vol.36, pp.618-627, 2016.

S. A. Chamberlain, S. M. Hovick, C. J. Dibble, N. L. Rasmussen, B. G. Van-allen et al., Does phylogeny matter? Assessing the impact of phylogenetic information in ecological meta-analysis, Ecology Letters, vol.15, pp.627-636, 2012.

F. S. Chapin, III (1974) Morphological and physiological mechanisms of temperature compensation in phosphate absorption along a latitudinal gradient, Ecology, vol.55, pp.1180-1198

F. S. Chapin, III (1980) The mineral nutrition of wild plants, Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, vol.11, pp.233-260

F. S. Chapin, P. A. Matson, and P. M. Vitousek, Principles of terrestrial ecosystem ecology, 2011.

W. Chen, R. T. Koide, T. S. Adams, J. L. Deforest, L. Cheng et al., Root morphology and mycorrhizal symbioses together shape nutrient foraging Version postprint Comment citer ce document, 2016.

G. Freschet, O. J. Valverde-barrantes, . Tucker, J. Craine, M. L. Mccormack et al., All rights reserved. strategies of temperate trees, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.113, pp.8741-8746

W. Chen, H. Zeng, D. M. Eissenstat, and D. Guo, Variation of first-order root traits across climatic gradients and evolutionary trends in geological time, Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol.22, pp.846-856, 2013.

L. J. Clark, W. R. Whalley, and P. B. Barraclough, How do roots penetrate strong soil? Plant & soil, vol.255, pp.93-104, 2003.

K. E. Clemmensen, A. Bahr, O. Ovaskainen, A. Dahlberg, A. Ekblad et al., Roots and associated fungi drive long-term carbon sequestration in boreal forest, Science, vol.339, pp.1615-1618, 2013.

L. H. Comas, H. S. Callahan, and P. E. Midford, Patterns in root traits of woody species hosting arbuscular and ectomycorrhizas: implications for the evolution of belowground strategies, Ecology and Evolution, vol.4, pp.2979-2990, 2014.

L. H. Comas and D. M. Eissenstat, Linking fine root traits to maximum potential growth rate among 11 mature temperate tree species, Functional Ecology, vol.18, pp.388-397, 2004.

L. H. Comas, K. E. Mueller, L. L. Taylor, P. E. Midford, H. S. Callahan et al., Evolutionary patterns and biogeochemical significance of angiosperm root traits, International Journal of Plant Sciences, vol.173, pp.584-595, 2012.

V. Cordlandwehr, R. L. Meredith, W. A. Ozinga, R. M. Bekker, J. M. Van-groenendael et al., Do plant traits retrieved from a database accurately predict on-site measurements, Journal of Ecology, vol.101, pp.662-670, 2013.

W. K. Cornwell, M. Westoby, D. S. Falster, R. G. Fitzjohn, B. C. O'meara et al., Functional distinctiveness of major plant lineages, Journal of Ecology, vol.102, pp.345-356, 2014.

, Version postprint Comment citer ce document

G. Freschet, O. J. Valverde-barrantes, . Tucker, J. Craine, M. L. Mccormack et al.,

J. M. Craine, J. Froehle, D. G. Tilman, D. A. Wedin, and F. S. Chapin, III (2001) The relationships among root and leaf traits of 76 grassland species and relative abundance along fertility and disturbance gradients, Oikos, vol.93, pp.274-285

S. Díaz, J. Kattge, J. H. Cornelissen, I. J. Wright, S. Lavorel et al., The global spectrum of plant form and function, Nature, vol.529, pp.167-171, 2016.

D. M. Eissenstat, On the relationship between specific root length and the rate of root proliferation: A field study using citrus rootstocks, New Phytologist, vol.118, pp.63-68, 1991.

D. M. Eissenstat, J. M. Kucharski, M. Zadworny, T. S. Adams, and R. T. Koide, Linking root traits to nutrient foraging in arbuscular mycorrhizal trees in a temperate forest, New Phytologist, vol.208, pp.114-124, 2015.

D. M. Eissenstat, C. E. Wells, R. D. Yanai, and J. L. Whitbeck, Building roots in a changing environment: implications for root longevity, New Phytologist, vol.147, pp.33-42, 2000.

J. F. Espeleta and L. A. Donovan, Fine root demography and morphology in response to soil resources availability among xeric and mesic sandhill tree species, Functional Ecology, vol.16, pp.113-121, 2002.

. Fao/iiasa/isric/iss-cas/jrc, Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2), 2012.

R. Fao, . Italy, and . Iiasa,

A. H. Fitter, Characteristics and functions of root systems. Plant roots: The hidden half, pp.1-29, 1991.

G. T. Freschet, P. J. Bellingham, P. O. Lyver, K. I. Bonner, and D. A. Wardle, Plasticity in above-and belowground resource acquisition traits in response to single and multiple environmental factors in three tree species, Ecology and Evolution, vol.3, pp.1065-1078, 2013.

, Version postprint Comment citer ce document

G. Freschet, O. J. Valverde-barrantes, . Tucker, J. Craine, M. L. Mccormack et al.,

G. T. Freschet, J. H. Cornelissen, R. S. Van-logtestijn, and R. Aerts, Evidence of the 'plant economics spectrum' in a subarctic flora, Journal of Ecology, vol.98, pp.362-373, 2010.

G. T. Freschet, W. K. Cornwell, D. A. Wardle, T. G. Elumeeva, W. Liu et al., Linking litter decomposition of above and belowground organs to plant-soil feedbacks worldwide, Journal of Ecology, vol.101, pp.943-952, 2013.

G. T. Freschet, A. T. Dias, D. D. Ackerly, R. Aerts, P. M. Van-bodegom et al., Global to community scale differences in the prevalence of convergent over divergent leaf trait distributions in plant assemblages, Global Ecology & Biogeography, vol.20, pp.755-765, 2011.

G. T. Freschet, E. Kichenin, and D. A. Wardle, Explaining within-community variation in plant biomass allocation: a balance between organ biomass and morphology above vs below ground, Journal of Vegetation Science, vol.26, pp.431-440, 2015.

G. T. Freschet and C. Roumet, Sampling roots to capture plant and soil functions, Functional Ecology

M. Gardes and A. Dahlberg, Mycorrhizal diversity in arctic and alpine tundra: an open question, New Phytologist, vol.133, pp.147-157, 1996.

E. Garnier and A. Freijsen, On ecological inference from laboratory experiments conducted under optimum conditions. A whole plant perspective on carbon-nitrogen interactions, pp.267-292, 1994.

R. A. Gill and R. B. Jackson, Global patterns of root turnover for terrestrial ecosystems, New Phytologist, vol.147, pp.13-31, 2000.

, Version postprint Comment citer ce document

G. Freschet, O. J. Valverde-barrantes, . Tucker, J. Craine, M. L. Mccormack et al.,

A. M. Goodman and A. R. Ennos, The effects of soil bulk density on the morphology and anchorage mechanics of the root systems of sunflower and maize, Annals of Botany, vol.83, pp.293-302, 1999.

J. Gu, Y. Xu, X. Dong, H. Wang, and Z. Wang, Root diameter variations explained by anatomy and phylogeny of 50 tropical and temperate tree species, Tree Physiology, vol.34, pp.415-425, 2014.

R. Hakkenberg, G. Churkina, M. Rodeghiero, A. Börner, A. Steinhof et al., Temperature sensitivity of the turnover times of soil organic matter in forests, Ecological Applications, vol.18, pp.119-131, 2008.

J. J. Hendricks, J. D. Aber, K. J. Nadelhoffer, and R. D. Hallett, Nitrogen controls on fine root substrate quality in temperate forest ecosystems, Ecosystems, vol.3, pp.57-69, 2000.

R. J. Hijmans, S. E. Cameron, J. L. Parra, P. G. Jones, and A. Jarvis, Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas, International Journal of Climatology, vol.25, pp.1965-1978, 2005.

T. Hishi, Heterogeneity of individual roots within the fine root architecture: causal links between physiological and ecosystem functions, Journal of Forest Research, vol.12, pp.126-133, 2007.

S. E. Hobbie, Plant species effects on nutrient cycling: revisiting litter feedbacks, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol.30, pp.357-363, 2015.

A. Hodge, The plastic plant: root responses to heterogeneous supplies of nutrients, New Phytologist, vol.162, pp.9-24, 2004.

C. M. Iversen, Digging deeper: fine-root responses to rising atmospheric CO2 concentration in forested ecosystems, New Phytologist, vol.186, pp.346-357, 2010.

, Version postprint Comment citer ce document

G. Freschet, O. J. Valverde-barrantes, . Tucker, J. Craine, M. L. Mccormack et al.,

C. M. Iversen, M. L. Mccormack, A. S. Powell, C. B. Blackwood, G. T. Freschet et al., ) A global Fine-Root Ecology Database to address belowground challenges in plant ecology, New Phytologist

C. M. Iversen, V. L. Sloan, P. F. Sullivan, E. S. Euskirchen, A. D. Mcguire et al., The unseen iceberg: plant roots in arctic tundra, New Phytologist, vol.205, pp.34-58, 2015.

A. R. Ives and M. R. Helmus, Generalized linear mixed models for phylogenetic analyses of community structure, Ecological Monographs, vol.81, pp.511-525, 2011.

R. B. Jackson, H. A. Mooney, and E. Schulze, A global budget for fine root biomass, surface area, and nutrient contents, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.94, pp.7362-7366, 1997.

E. Kazakou, C. Violle, C. Roumet, M. Navas, D. Vile et al., Are trait-based species rankings consistent across data sets and spatial scales, Journal of Vegetation Science, vol.25, pp.235-247, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01506287

S. W. Kembel, J. F. Cahill, and . Jr, Independent evolution of leaf and root traits within and among temperate grassland plant communities, PLoS ONE, vol.6, p.19992, 2011.

A. J. Kerkhoff, W. F. Fagan, J. J. Elser, and B. J. Enquist, Phylogenetic and growth form variation in the scaling of nitrogen and phosphorus in the seed plants, The American Naturalist, vol.168, pp.103-122, 2006.

C. Körner and U. Renhardt, Dry matter partitioning and root length/leaf area ratios in herbaceous perennial plants with diverse altitudinal distribution, Oecologia, vol.74, pp.411-418, 1987.

K. R. Kramer-walter, P. J. Bellingham, T. R. Millar, R. D. Smissen, S. J. Richardson et al., Root traits are multidimensional: specific root length is Version postprint Comment citer ce document, 2016.

G. Freschet, O. J. Valverde-barrantes, . Tucker, J. Craine, M. L. Mccormack et al., Accepted Article This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. independent from root tissue density and the plant economic spectrum, Journal of Ecology, vol.104, pp.1299-1310

L. Kutschera, Wurzelatlas mitteleuropdischer ackerunkrduter und kulturpflanzen, 1960.

D. C. Laughlin, The intrinsic dimensionality of plant traits and its relevance to community assembly, Journal of Ecology, vol.102, pp.186-193, 2014.

D. C. Laughlin, J. J. Leppert, M. M. Moore, and C. H. Sieg, A multi-trait test of the leafheight-seed plant strategy scheme with 133 species from a pine forest flora, Functional Ecology, vol.24, pp.493-501, 2010.

S. Lavorel, S. Mcintyre, J. Landsberg, and T. D. Forbes, Plant functional classifications: from general groups to specific groups based on response to disturbance, Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol.12, pp.474-478, 1997.

G. Liu, G. T. Freschet, X. Pan, J. H. Cornelissen, Y. Li et al., Coordinated variation in leaf and root traits across multiple spatial scales in Chinese semi-arid and arid ecosystems, New Phytologist, vol.188, pp.543-553, 2010.

B. Liu, J. He, F. Zeng, J. Lei, and S. K. Arndt, Life span and structure of ephemeral root modules of different functional groups from a desert system, New Phytologist, vol.211, pp.103-112, 2016.

V. Maire, I. J. Wright, I. C. Prentice, N. H. Batjes, R. Bhaskar et al., Global effects of soil and climate on leaf photosynthetic traits and rates, Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol.24, pp.706-717, 2015.

S. A. Materechera, A. M. Alston, J. M. Kirby, and A. R. Dexter, Influence of root diameter on the penetration of seminal roots into a compacted subsoil, Plant and Soil, vol.144, pp.297-303, 1992.

, Version postprint Comment citer ce document

G. Freschet, O. J. Valverde-barrantes, . Tucker, J. Craine, M. L. Mccormack et al.,

S. A. Materechera, A. R. Dexter, and A. M. Alston, Penetration of very strong soils by seedling roots of different plant species, Plant and Soil, vol.135, pp.31-41, 1991.

M. L. Mccormack, T. S. Adams, E. A. Smithwick, and D. M. Eissenstat, Predicting fine root lifespan from plant functional traits in temperate trees, New Phytologist, vol.195, pp.823-831, 2012.

M. L. Mccormack, I. A. Dickie, D. M. Eissenstat, T. J. Fahey, C. W. Fernandez et al., Redefining fine roots improves understanding of below-ground contributions to terrestrial biosphere processes, New Phytologist, vol.207, pp.505-518, 2015.

D. B. Metcalfe, P. Meir, L. E. Aragão, A. C. Da-costa, A. P. Braga et al., The effects of water availability on root growth and morphology in an Amazon rainforest, Plant and Soil, vol.311, pp.189-199, 2008.

K. Mokany and J. Ash, Are traits measured on pot grown plants representative of those in natural communities, Journal of Vegetation Science, vol.19, pp.119-126, 2008.

A. T. Moles, S. E. Perkins, S. W. Laffan, H. Flores-moreno, M. Awasthy et al., Which is a better predictor of plant traits: temperature or precipitation, Journal of Vegetation Science, vol.25, pp.1167-1180, 2014.

T. Münkemüller, S. Lavergne, B. Bzeznik, S. Dray, T. Jombart et al., How to measure and test phylogenetic signal, Methods in Ecology and Evolution, vol.3, pp.743-756, 2012.

J. C. Ordoñez, P. M. Van-bodegom, J. M. Witte, I. J. Wright, P. B. Reich et al., A global study of relationships between leaf traits, climate and soil measures of nutrient fertility, Global Ecology & Biogeography, vol.18, pp.137-149, 2009.

, Version postprint Comment citer ce document

G. Freschet, O. J. Valverde-barrantes, . Tucker, J. Craine, M. L. Mccormack et al.,

J. Pinheiro, D. Bates, S. Debroy, D. Sarkar, and R. C. Team, Nlme: Linear and Nonlinear Mixed Effects Models, 2015.

H. Poorter, J. Bühler, D. Van-dusschoten, J. Climent, and J. A. Postma, Pot size matters: a meta-analysis of the effects of rooting volume on plant growth, Functional Plant Biology, vol.39, pp.839-850, 2012.

H. Poorter, F. Fiorani, R. Pieruschka, T. Wojciechowski, W. H. Van-der-putten et al., Pampered inside, pestered outside? Differences and similarities between plants growing in controlled conditions and in the field, New Phytologist, vol.212, pp.838-855, 2016.

H. Poorter, Ü. Niinemets, L. Poorter, I. J. Wright, and R. Villar, Causes and consequences of variation in leaf mass per area (LMA): a meta-analysis, New Phytologist, vol.182, pp.565-588, 2009.

P. Poot and H. Lambers, Are trade-offs in allocation pattern and root morphology related to species abundance? A congeneric comparison between rare and common species in the south-western Australian flora, Journal of Ecology, vol.91, pp.58-67, 2003.

K. S. Pregitzer, J. L. Deforest, A. J. Burton, M. F. Allen, R. W. Ruess et al., Fine root architecture of nine north american trees, Ecological Monographs, vol.72, pp.293-309, 2002.

H. Qian and Y. Jin, An updated megaphylogeny of plants, a tool for generating plant phylogenies, and an analysis of phylogenetic community structure, Journal of Plant Ecology, vol.9, pp.233-239, 2015.

P. B. Reich, The world-wide 'fast-slow' plant economics spectrum: a traits manifesto, Journal of Ecology, vol.102, pp.275-301, 2014.

, Version postprint Comment citer ce document

G. Freschet, O. J. Valverde-barrantes, . Tucker, J. Craine, M. L. Mccormack et al.,

P. B. Reich, Y. Luo, J. B. Bradford, H. Poorter, C. H. Perry et al., Temperature drives global patterns in forest biomass distribution in leaves, stems, and roots, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.111, pp.13721-13726, 2014.

P. B. Reich and J. Oleksyn, Global patterns of plant leaf N and P in relation to temperature and latitude, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol.101, pp.11001-11006, 2004.

P. B. Reich, M. G. Tjoelker, K. S. Pregitzer, I. J. Wright, J. Oleksyn et al., Scaling of respiration to nitrogen in leaves, stems and roots of higher land plants, Ecology Letters, vol.11, pp.793-801, 2008.

L. J. Revell, 2012) phytools: an R package for phylogenetic comparative biology (and other things), Methods in Ecology and Evolution, vol.3, pp.217-223

C. Roumet, M. Birouste, C. Picon-cochard, M. Ghestem, N. Osman et al., Root structure-function relationships in 74 species: evidence of a root economics spectrum related to carbon economy, New Phytologist, vol.210, pp.815-826, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01837327

C. Roumet, F. Lafont, M. Sari, F. Warembourg, and E. Garnier, Root traits and taxonomic affiliation of nine herbaceous species grown in glasshouse conditions, Plant and Soil, vol.312, pp.69-83, 2008.

P. Ryser, The importance of tissue density for growth and life span of leaves and roots: a comparison of five ecologically contrasting grasses, Functional Ecology, vol.10, pp.717-723, 1996.

P. Ryser, The mysterious root length, Plant and Soil, vol.286, pp.1-6, 2006.

P. Ryser and L. Eek, Consequences of phenotypic plasticity vs. interspecific differences in leaf and root traits for acquisition of aboveground and belowground resources, American Journal of Botany, vol.87, pp.402-411, 2000.

, Version postprint Comment citer ce document

G. Freschet, O. J. Valverde-barrantes, . Tucker, J. Craine, M. L. Mccormack et al.,

R. Salguero-gómez and B. B. Casper, Introducing short roots in a desert perennial: anatomy and spatiotemporal foraging responses to increased precipitation, New Phytologist, vol.191, pp.173-183, 2011.

F. S. Salpagarova, R. S. Logtestijn, V. G. Onipchenko, A. A. Akhmetzhanova, and V. A. Agafonov, Nitrogen content in fine roots and the structural and functional adaptations of alpine plants, Biology Bulletin Reviews, vol.4, pp.243-251, 2014.

H. J. Schenk and R. B. Jackson, The global biogeography of roots, Ecological Monographs, vol.72, pp.311-328, 2002.

J. P. Schimel and J. Bennett, Nitrogen mineralization: challenges of a changing paradigm, Ecology, vol.85, pp.591-602, 2004.

G. N. Stone, S. Nee, and J. Felsenstein, Controlling for non-independence in comparative analysis of patterns across populations within species, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.366, pp.1410-1424, 2011.

N. G. Swenson, B. J. Enquist, J. Pither, A. J. Kerkhoff, B. Boyle et al., The biogeography and filtering of woody plant functional diversity in North and South America, Global Ecology and Biogeography, vol.21, pp.798-808, 2012.

, Tela Botanica, 2015.

M. G. Tjoelker, J. M. Craine, D. Wedin, P. B. Reich, and D. Tilman, Linking leaf and root trait syndromes among 39 grassland and savannah species, New Phytologist, vol.167, pp.493-508, 2005.

. Usda-nrcs, National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA. Version postprint Comment citer ce document, The PLANTS Database, 2015.

G. Freschet, O. J. Valverde-barrantes, . Tucker, J. Craine, M. L. Mccormack et al.,

O. J. Valverde-barrantes, A. L. Horning, K. A. Smemo, and C. B. Blackwood, , 2016.

, Phylogenetically structured traits in root systems influence arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in woody angiosperms, Plant and Soil, vol.404, pp.1-12

O. J. Valverde-barrantes, K. A. Smemo, L. M. Feinstein, M. W. Kershner, and C. B. Blackwood, The distribution of below-ground traits is explained by intrinsic species differences and intraspecific plasticity in response to root neighbours, Journal of Ecology, vol.101, pp.933-942, 2013.

L. M. Verheijen, V. Brovkin, R. Aerts, G. Bönisch, J. H. Cornelissen et al., Impacts of trait variation through observed traitclimate relationships on performance of an Earth system model: a conceptual analysis, Biogeosciences, vol.10, pp.5497-5515, 2013.

C. Violle, P. B. Reich, S. W. Pacala, B. J. Enquist, and J. Kattge, The emergence and promise of functional biogeography, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.111, pp.13690-13696, 2014.

K. Vogt, D. Vogt, P. Palmiotto, P. Boon, J. O'hara et al., Review of root dynamics in forest ecosystems grouped by climate, climatic forest type and species, Plant and Soil, vol.187, pp.159-219, 1995.

S. Wahl and P. Ryser, Root tissue structure is linked to ecological strategies of grasses, New Phytologist, vol.148, pp.459-471, 2000.

Y. Waisel, A. Eshel, T. Beeckman, and U. Kafkafi, Plant roots: the hidden half, 2002.

D. A. Wardle and L. G. Greenfield, Release of mineral nitrogen from plant root nodules, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, vol.23, pp.827-832, 1991.

, Version postprint Comment citer ce document

G. Freschet, O. J. Valverde-barrantes, . Tucker, J. Craine, M. L. Mccormack et al.,

F. R. Warembourg and C. Roumet, Why and how to estimate the cost of symbiotic N2 fixation? A progressive approach based on the use of 14C and l5N isotopes, Plant and Soil, vol.115, pp.167-177, 1989.

J. M. Warren, P. J. Hanson, C. M. Iversen, J. Kumar, A. P. Walker et al., Root structural and functional dynamics in terrestrial biosphere modelsevaluation and recommendations, New Phytologist, vol.205, pp.59-78, 2015.

M. Weemstra, L. Mommer, E. J. Visser, J. Van-ruijven, T. W. Kuyper et al., Towards a multidimensional root trait framework: a tree root review, New Phytologist, vol.211, pp.1159-1169, 2016.

C. Wells and D. Eissenstat, Beyond the roots of young seedlings: the influence of age and order on fine root physiology, Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, vol.21, pp.324-334, 2002.

J. M. Withington, P. B. Reich, J. Oleksyn, and D. M. Eissenstat, Comparisons of structure and life span in roots and leaves among temperate trees, Ecological Monographs, vol.76, pp.381-397, 2006.

I. J. Wright, P. B. Reich, J. H. Cornelissen, D. S. Falster, E. Garnier et al., Assessing the generality of global leaf trait relationships, New Phytologist, vol.166, pp.485-496, 2005.

I. J. Wright, P. B. Reich, J. H. Cornelissen, D. S. Falster, P. K. Groom et al., Modulation of leaf economic traits and trait relationships by climate, Global Ecology & Biogeography, vol.14, pp.411-421, 2005.

I. J. Wright, P. B. Reich, M. Westoby, D. D. Ackerly, Z. Baruch et al., The worldwide leaf economics spectrum, Nature, vol.428, pp.821-827, 2004.

J. Xia and S. Wan, Global response patterns of terrestrial plant species to nitrogen addition, New Phytologist, vol.179, pp.428-439, 2008.

, Version postprint Comment citer ce document

G. Freschet, O. J. Valverde-barrantes, . Tucker, J. Craine, M. L. Mccormack et al.,

Z. Y. Yuan and H. Y. Chen, Fine root biomass, production, turnover rates, and nutrient contents in boreal forest ecosystems in relation to species, climate, fertility, and stand age: literature review and meta-analyses, Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, vol.29, pp.204-221, 2010.

A. E. Zanne, D. C. Tank, W. K. Cornwell, J. M. Eastman, S. A. Smith et al., Three keys to the radiation of angiosperms into freezing environments, Nature, vol.506, pp.89-92, 2014.

, Supporting Information Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article

S. Table, List and content of datasets used in this study. Table S2. Generalized least-square models without phylogenetic correction. Fig. S1. Variation in root trait values across a timecalibrated phylogenetic tree

G. Freschet, O. J. Valverde-barrantes, . Tucker, J. Craine, M. L. Mccormack et al.,