. Chuang, C. Chao-hua, P. , C. , Y. Hsieh et al., Maternal return to work and breastfeeding: A population-based cohort study, International Journal of Nursing Studies, vol.47, pp.461-474, 2010.

R. Davanzo, . Zauli, . Giorgio, . Monasta, V. Lorenzo et al., Human Colostrum and Breast Milk Contain High Levels of TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL), vol.29, pp.23-25, 2013.

C. M. Davison, Analyse critique des modèles de passage des connaissances à la pratique et de leur portée dans la promotion de l'équité en santé, Centre de collaboration nationale des déterminants de la santé, 2013.

A. K. Debes, . Kohli, . Anjalee, . Walker, E. Neff et al., Time to initiation of breastfeeding and neonatal mortality and morbidity: a systematic review, BMC Public Health, vol.13, 2013.

A. Delaunay-el, . Maryse, . Marlier, . Luc, and B. Schaal, Learning at the breast: Preference formation for an artificial scent and its attraction against the odor of maternal milk, Infant Behavior and Development, vol.29, pp.308-321, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00083091

K. G. Dewey, L. A. Nommsen-rivers, M. Heinig, . Jane, and R. J. Cohen, Risk factors for suboptimal infant breastfeeding behavior, delayed onset of lactation, and excess neonatal weight loss, Pediatrics, vol.112, pp.607-619, 2003.

M. Dogaru-cristian, . Nyffenegger, . Denise, . Pescatore, M. Aniña et al., Breastfeeding and childhood asthma: systematic review and meta-analysis, American journal of epidemiology, vol.179, pp.1153-1167, 2014.

. Duncan, . Burris, . Ey, . John, C. J. Holberg et al., Exclusive Breast-Feeding for at Least 4 Months Protects Against Otitis Media, vol.91, pp.867-872, 1993.

B. Dvorak, Milk epidermal growth factor and gut protection, The Journal of Pediatrics, vol.156, pp.31-36, 2010.

K. M. Edmond, B. R. Kirkwood, . Amenga-etego, . Seeba, . Owusu-agyei et al., « Effect of early feeding practices on infectionspecific neonatal mortality. An investigation of the causal links with observational data from rural Ghana, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol.86, pp.1126-1131, 2007.

K. M. Edmond, . Zandoh, . Charles, M. A. Quigley, . Amenga-etego et al., Delayed breastfeeding initiation increases risk of neonatal mortality, Pediatrics, vol.117, pp.380-386, 2006.

R. M. Feeley, R. R. Eitenmiller, J. B. Jones, . Jr, and H. Barnhart, Copper, iron, and zinc contents of human milk at early stages of lactation, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol.37, pp.443-448, 1983.

M. S. Fewtrell, « The long-term benefits of having been breast-fed, Current Paediatrics, vol.14, pp.97-103, 2004.

A. Fink-kessler, Substance Stories Book series, ) Milch, vol.8, 2012.

C. ;. Fortier and . Le, Et le sang ? Représentations physiologiques de la filiation et de la parenté de lait en islam malékite et dans la société, Cahiers d'études Africaines, vol.1, pp.97-138, 2001.

M. Fujita, R. Eric, Y. Lo, C. Hurst, . Vollner et al., « In poor families, mothers' milk is richer for daughters than sons: A test of Trivers-Willard hypothesis in agropastoral settlements in Northern Kenya, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, vol.149, pp.52-59, 2012.

M. Gau, Evaluation of a lactation intervention program to encourage breastfeeding: a longitudinal study, International Journal of Nursing Studies, vol.414, pp.425-435, 2004.

M. Gdalevich, . Mimouni, . Daniel, and M. Mimouni, Breast-feeding and the risk of bronchial asthma in childhood: a systematic review with meta-analysis of prospective studies, Journal of Pediatrics, vol.139, pp.261-266, 2001.

M. Gélard, Protection par le sang et accord par le lait, Pacte d'alliance et de colactation dans la tribu des Aït Khebbach, pp.9-28, 2004.

M. Gélard, La fourmi voleuse de lait. Transferts et représentations de la substance lactée dans le Tafilalt, vol.173, pp.97-118, 2005.

M. Gélard, Les pouvoirs du lait en contexte saharien, vol.8, pp.25-31, 2010.

M. Gélard, Les pouvoirs du lait. Coallaitement collectif et perception du rapport de parenté (Aït Khebbach, 2016.

G. Jones, R. W. Steketee, R. E. Black, . Bhutta, A. Zulfiqar et al., How many child deaths can we prevent this year?, The Lancet, vol.362, pp.65-71, 2003.

W. ;. Jones, J. Routledge, J. C. Kuipers, R. S. Muskiet-frits, A. J. Robson et al., Breastfeeding and Medication, On Breast Milk, Diet, and Large Human Brains, vol.461, pp.122-124, 2005.

J. Kang, . Sun, S. Choi, . Young, E. Ryu et al., Effects of a breastfeeding empowerment programme on Korean breastfeeding mothers: A quasi-experimental study, International Journal of Nursing Studies, vol.45, pp.14-23, 2008.

N. Kang, Y. Song, and I. M. Eun-ok, Korean university students' knowledge and attitudes toward breastfeeding: A questionnaire Survey, International Journal of Nursing Studies, vol.42, pp.863-870, 2005.

. Kannan, . Srimathi, B. R. Carruth, and J. Skinner, Neonatal Feeding Practices of Anglo American Mothers and Asian Indian Mothers Living in the United States and India », Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, vol.36, issue.6, pp.315-319, 2004.

J. Kim-cohen and A. L. Gold, « Measured Genes-Environment Interactions and Mechanisms Promoting Resilient Development, Current Directions in Psychological Science, vol.18, pp.138-142, 2009.

M. Konner and C. Worthman, Nursing frequency, gonadal function, and birth spacing among ! Kung hunter-gatherers, Science, vol.207, pp.788-791, 1980.

M. S. Kramer, . Aboud, . Frances, . Mironova, . Elena et al., Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial (PROBIT) Study Group. (2008) « Breastfeeding and Child Cognitive Development: New Evidence From a Large Randomized Trial, vol.65, pp.578-584

K. Kramer, Cooperative Breeding and its Significance to the Demographic Success of Humans, Annual Review of Anthropology, vol.39, pp.417-436, 2010.

M. L. Kwan, P. A. Buffler, . Abrams, . Barbara, . Kiley et al., Breastfeeding and the Risk of Childhood Leukemia: A Meta-Analysis, Public Health Reports, vol.119, pp.521-535, 2004.

C. I. Lanting, M. Huisman, E. R. Boersma, B. C. Touwen, and V. Fidler, Neurological differences between 9-year-old children fed breast-milk or formula-milk as babies, The Lancet, vol.344, pp.1319-1322, 1994.

R. M. Lawrence and C. A. Pane, Human breast milk: current concepts of immunology and infectious diseases ». Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care 37, pp.7-36, 2007.

Y. Leféber and H. Voorhoeve, Indigenous first feeding practices in newborn babies, vol.15, pp.97-100, 1999.

R. Li, S. B. Fein, and L. M. Grummer-strawn, « Do Infants Fed From Bottles Lack Self-regulation of Milk Intake Compared With Directly Breastfed Infants?, Pediatrics, vol.125, pp.1386-1393, 2010.

B. Liu, J. Louisa, and E. Banks, « Parity, Breastfeeding, and the Subsequent Risk of Maternal Type 2 Diabetes, Diabetes Care, vol.33, pp.1239-1241, 2010.

H. M. Loos, . Doucet, . Sébastien, . Soussignan, . Robert et al., Responsiveness of human neonates to the odor of 5?-androst-16-en-3-one: A behavioral paradox?, Chemical Senses, vol.39, pp.693-703, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01186423

I. G. Macy, Composition of human colostrum and milk, American Journal of Diseases of Children, vol.78, pp.589-603, 1949.

P. Macchiaverni, A. Rekima, and M. Turfkruyer, Respiratory allergen from house dust mite is present in human milk and primes for allergic sensitization in a mouse model of asthma, Allergy, vol.69, pp.395-398, 2014.

S. Mårild, S. Hansson, U. Jodal, A. Odén, and K. Svedberg, , 2004.

, Protective effect of breastfeeding against urinary tract infection, Acta Paediatrica, vol.93, pp.164-167

L. Marlier and B. Schaal, Familiarité et discrimination olfactive chez le nouveau-né : influence différentielle du mode d'alimentation ?, Enfance, vol.1, pp.47-61, 1997.

L. Marlier, . Schaal, . Benoist, and R. Soussignan, Neonatal responsiveness to the odor of amniotic and lacteal fluids: A test of perinatal chemosensory continuity, vol.64, pp.611-623, 1998.

R. Martin, M. Gunnell, D. David, and S. George, Breastfeeding in Infancy and Blood Pressure in Later Life: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, vol.161, pp.15-26, 2005.

R. Martin, M. Patel, R. Kramer, M. S. Guthrie, . Lauren et al., Effects of Promoting Longer-term and Exclusive Breastfeeding on Adiposity and Insulin-like Growth Factor-I at Age 11.5 Years: A Randomized Trial, Journal of the American Medical Association, vol.309, pp.1005-1013, 2013.

E. J. Mayer, R. F. Hamman, E. C. Gay, D. C. Lezotte, A. David et al., Reduced Risk of IDDM Among Breast-Fed Children: The Colorado IDDM Registry, vol.37, pp.1625-1632, 1988.

K. L. Mcvea, P. D. Turner, . Peppler, and K. Dawnette, The Role of Breastfeeding in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome », Journal of Human Lactation, vol.16, pp.13-20, 2000.

M. Michel, G. Gremmo-féger, E. Oger, and J. Sizun, « étude pilote des difficultés de mise en place de l'allaitement maternel des nouveau-nés à terme, en maternité : incidence et facteurs de risque, Archives de Pédiatrie, vol.14, pp.454-460, 2007.

S. Miller, . Ruttinger, M. Vera, . Rutledge, . Marjorie et al., Human Milk Studies: XXVII. Essential Amino Acids in Human Colostrum and Transitional Milk, vol.40, pp.499-514, 1950.

E. Morales, R. García-esteban, M. Guxens, S. Guerra, M. Mendez et al., , 2012.

, « Effects of prolonged breastfeeding and colostrum fatty acids on allergic manifestations and infections in infancy, vol.42, pp.918-928

J. M. Morse, C. Jehle, and D. Gamble, Initiating breastfeeding: a world survey of the timing of postpartum breastfeeding, International Journal of Nursing Studies, vol.27, pp.303-313, 1990.

E. Mortensen, . Lykke, K. Michaelsen, . Fleischer, . Sanders et al., The association between duration of breastfeeding and adult intelligence », Journal of the American Medical Association, vol.287, pp.2365-2371, 2002.

E. Mosconi, A. Rekima, and B. Seitz-polski, Breast milk immune complexes are potent inducers of oral tolerance in neonates and prevent asthma development, Mucosal immunology, vol.3, pp.461-474, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00498812

H. Nishimura, Zinc deficiency in suckling mice deprived on colostrum, Journal of Nutrition, vol.49, pp.79-97, 1953.

H. Osman, E. L. Zein, . Lama, and L. Wick, Cultural beliefs that may discourage breastfeeding among Lebanese women: a qualitative analysis, vol.4, p.12, 2009.

C. G. Owen, R. M. Martin, . Whincup, H. Peter, . Davey-smith et al., The effect of breastfeeding on mean body mass index throughout life: a quantitative review of published and unpublished observational evidence, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol.82, issue.6, pp.1298-1307, 2005.

C. G. Owen, . Whincup, H. Peter, . Odoki, . Katherine et al., Infant feeding and blood cholesterol: a study in adolescents and a systematic review, Pediatrics, vol.110, pp.597-608, 2002.

I. A. Penttila, Effects of transforming growth factor-beta and formula feeding on systemic immune responses to dietary beta-lactoglobulin in allergy-prone rats, Pediatric Research, vol.59, pp.650-655, 2006.

I. A. Penttila, Milk-derived transforming growth factor-beta and the infant immune response, Journal of Pediatrics, vol.156, pp.21-25, 2010.

I. A. Penttila, I. E. Flesch, A. L. Mccue, B. C. Powell, F. H. Zhou et al., « Maternal milk regulation of cell infiltration and interleukin 18 in the intestine of suckling rat pups, Gut, vol.52, pp.1579-1586, 2003.

A. Petherick, Mother's milk: A rich opportunity, Nature, vol.468, pp.5-7, 2010.

A. Pisacane, . Graziano, . Liberatore, . Mazzarella, . Gianfranco et al., Breast-feeding and urinary tract infection, vol.121, pp.87-89, 1992.

T. Platt, El feto agresivo. Parto, formación de la persona y mito-historia en los Andes, Estudios Atacameños, vol.22, 2002.

R. J. Playford, C. E. Macdonald, and W. S. Johnson, Colostrum and milk-derived peptide growth factors for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol.72, pp.5-14, 2000.

. Polatti, . Franco, . Capuzzo, V. Ezio, . Franco et al., Bone mineral changes during and after lactation, vol.94, pp.52-56, 1999.

C. E. Powe, C. D. Knott, and N. Conklin-brittain, Infant sex predicts breast milk energy content, American Journal of Human Biology, vol.22, pp.50-54, 2010.

. Prak, . Sophonneary, . Dahl, . Miriam, . Oeurn et al., Breastfeeding trends in Cambodia, and the increased use of breast-milk substitute. Why is it a danger?, Nutrients, vol.6, pp.2920-2930, 2014.

M. A. Quigley, « Breast feeding, causal effects and inequalities, Archives of Disease in Childhood, vol.98, pp.654-655, 2013.

T. Roberts, . Carnahan, . Emily, and E. Gakidou, Burden attributable to suboptimal breastfeeding: a cross-country analysis of country-specific trends and their relation to child health inequalities, The Lancet, vol.381, p.126, 2013.

L. Robson-shannen, Breast Milk, Diet, and Large Human Brains, vol.45, pp.419-425, 2004.

G. M. Ruiz-palacios, L. Cervantes, . Elena, P. Ramos, . Chavez-munguia et al., Campylobacter jejuni binds intestinal H(O) antigen (Fuc?1, 2Gal?1, 4GlcNAc), and Fucosyloligosaccharides of human milk inhibit its binding and infection, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.278, pp.14112-14120, 2003.

U. M. Saarinen and M. Kajosaari, Breastfeeding as prophylaxis against atopic disease: prospective follow-up study until 17 years old, The Lancet, vol.346, pp.1065-1069, 1995.

B. Schaal, From amnion to colostrum to milk: Odour bridging in early developmental transitions, Prenatal development of postnatal functions, pp.52-102, 2005.

B. Schaal, Mammary odor cues and pheromones: mammalian infant-directed communication about maternal state, mammae and milk, Vitamins and Hormones, vol.83, pp.83-136, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01123324

B. Schaal, How amniotic fluid shapes early odour-guided responses to colostrum and milk (and more), pp.23-53, 2016.

. Schaal, . Benoist, . Marlier, . Luc, and R. Soussignan, Olfactory function in the human fetus: evidence from selective neonatal responsiveness to the odor of amniotic fluid, Behavioral Neuroscience, vol.112, pp.1438-1449, 1998.

B. Schaal and . Al-aïn, Syrina (2014) « Chemical signals 'selected for' newborns in mammals, Animal Behaviour, vol.97, pp.289-299

. Schaal, . Benoist, and K. Durand, Olfaction and gustation, Cambridge Encyclopaedia of Child Development, pp.341-351, 2017.

E. Slingerland and M. Collard, Creating Consilience. Integrating the Sciences and the Humanities, 2012.

L. G. Smithers, M. S. Kramer, and J. W. Lynch, Effects of breastfeeding on obesity and intelligence: causal insights from different study designs, vol.169, pp.707-708, 2015.

R. Spencer and . Louise, Research methodologies to investigate the experience of breastfeeding: A discussion paper, International Journal of Nursing Studies, vol.45, pp.1823-1830, 2008.

P. Stuart-macadam and A. Katherine, Breastfeeding: Biocultural Perspectives, 1995.

J. A. Thompson, A Biocultural Approach to Breastfeeding ». New Beginnings, 13, vol.6, pp.164-167, 1996.

L. Tryggvadottir, . Tulinius, . Hrafn, J. E. Eyfjord, and T. Sigurvinsson, Breastfeeding and reduced risk of breast cancer in an Icelandic cohort study, American Journal of Epidemiology, vol.154, pp.37-42, 2001.

. Urashima, A. Tadasu, . Sadaki, . Leo, . Fiame et al., The predominance of Type I oligosaccharides is a feature specific to human breast milk, Advances in Nutrition, vol.3, pp.473-482, 2012.

J. Van-odijk, I. Kull, M. P. Borres, P. Brandtzaeg, U. Edberg et al., Breastfeeding and allergic disease: a multidisciplinary review of the literature (1966-2001) on the mode of early feeding in infancy and its impact on later atopic manifestations, Allergy, vol.58, pp.833-843, 2003.

M. M. Vennemann, T. Bajanowski, B. Brinkmann, G. Jorch, K. Yücesan et al., Does breastfeeding reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome?, Pediatrics, vol.123, pp.406-410, 2009.

C. Verguet, . Baeyens, . Sandé, . Sandrine, . Merel et al., « L'optimisation du recueil de colostrum et le don aux bébés prématurés ». Cahiers de la puéricultrice, vol.295, pp.16-19, 2016.

. Verhasselt, . Valérie, . Milcent, C. Valérie, J. Kanda et al., Breast milk-mediated transfer of an antigen induces tolerance and protection from allergic asthma, Nature Medicine, vol.14, pp.170-175, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00316084

V. Verhasselt, Oral tolerance in neonates: from basics to potential prevention of allergic disease, Mucosal immunology, vol.3, pp.326-359, 2010.

C. G. Victora, . Bahl, . Rajiv, . Barros, J. D. Aluísio et al., Breastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect, vol.387, pp.475-490, 2016.

C. G. Victora, B. Horta, . Lessa, . De-mola, . Christian et al., Association between breastfeeding and intelligence, educational attainment, and income at 30 years of age: a prospective birth cohort study from Brazil, The Lancet Global Health, vol.3, pp.199-205, 2015.

A. A. Volk, Human breastfeeding is not automatic: why that's so and what it means for human evolution, Journal of Social, Evolutionary, and Cultural Psychology, vol.3, pp.305-314, 2009.

S. Wagner, C. Kersuzan, . Gojard, . Séverine, C. Tichit et al., Durée de l'allaitement en France selon les caractéristiques des parents et de la naissance, Bulletin épidémiologique hebdomadaire, vol.29, pp.522-532, 2011.

. Walentowitz, ;. Saskia, . Bonnet-d, C. Legrand-sébille, and M. Morel, Lait d'honneur et seins charitables. à propos des pratiques d'allaitements non maternels chez les Touaregs de l'Azawagh, pp.111-140, 2002.

S. Walentowitz, La vie sociale du foetus. Regards anthropologiques, vol.36, pp.125-141, 2005.

. Weisbecker, . Vera, and A. Goswami, « Brain size, life history, and metabolism at the marsupial/placental dichotomy, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.107, pp.16216-16221, 2010.

E. O. Wilson, Consilience. The Unity of Knowledge, 1998.

, Chryssi Bourbou Feeding the Byzantine child. Foodstuff and health complications 271

, Andrea Waters-Rist Breastfeeding and Weaning Practices in Ancient Siberian Foragers 277 la durée de l'allaitement maternel dans les populations historiques à partir des propriétés physico-chimiques de l'émail dentaire 287

, Le cas de la population de Hières-sur-Amby

R. Pratiques and . De,

, Sophie Tymula Seins d'ivoire et de pierre. Allaitement et maternité durant la Préhistoire 383