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                <title xml:lang="en">Economic Value and Livelihood Dependence on the Ga-Mampa Wetland, South Africa</title>
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                <term xml:lang="en">WETLAND ECOSYSTEM</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">PROVISIONING SERVICES</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">MARKET VALUATION</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">LIVELIHOOD ANALYSIS</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">ECONOMIC VALUATION</term>
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              <p>The size of the Ga-Mampa wetland (1 km2), in the Olifants river catchment in South Africa, was halved between 1996 and 2004. This jeopardizes the ecological integrity and influences the benefits people obtain from the wetland. This study therefore analysed the economic values of the provisioning services derived from the Ga-Mampa wetland (collection of edible plants, crop production, livestock grazing, fishing, hunting, fuel-wood, reeds and sedge collection) and evaluated their contribution to the livelihood of local stakeholders, using a direct market valuation technique, based on a mix of data collection approaches. The results show that the contribution of the wetland to the livelihood of local community estimated at an annual net financial value of $211 per household far exceeds its annual cash income of $35 per household and is about half of the average monthly cash income from all sources. Crop production contributes the highest gross and net financial value, whereas sedge collection yields the highest cash income. Most of the materials harvested from the wetland are used for household subsistence and are rarely sold. The wetland services are also essential to sustain the social and cultural responsibilities in gift giving to neighbours and relatives. The study concludes that the local people are highly dependent on the wetland ecosystem services but that current use exceeds sustainability levels, which jeopardizes the future livelihood of the local people. It is therefore recommend that the local stakeholders be supported in identifying alternative sources of livelihood while simultaneously developing sustainable management strategies. The present analysis should be completed with a valuation of other ecosystem services provided by the wetland (such as regulating and supporting) to local and downstream stakeholders.</p>
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              <p>La zone humide de Ga-Mampa, dans le basin de l'Olifants River en Afrique du Sud a vu sa superficie (1 km2) divisée par deux entre 1996 et 2004. Cela peut mettre en péril l'intégrité écologique de la zone humide et influer sur les bénéfices qu'en tire la population locale. Ce papier analyse la valeur économique des services écosystémiques d'approvisionnement fournis par la zone humide de Ga-Mampa (cueillette de plantes naturelles comestibles, production agricole végétale, pâturage du bétail, pêche, chasse, ramassage du bois-énergie, collecte de roseaux et joncs) et évalue leur contribution aux moyens de subsistance des populations locales, en utilisant une technique d'évaluation marchande directe, basée sur diverses méthodes de collecte des données. Les résultats montrent que la contribution annuelle de la zone humide aux moyens de subsistance de la communauté locale, estimée à $211 par ménage en valeur financière nette, dépasse de loin sa recette monétaire annuelle ($35 par ménage) et est équivalente à environ la moitié de la recette monétaire mensuelle toutes sources de revenus confondues. La production agricole végétale fournit la valeur financière brute et nette la plus élevée alors que la cueillette et transformation de joncs rapportent le revenu monétaire le plus important. La plupart des matériaux collectés dans la zone humide sont utilisés directement par les ménages et sont rarement vendus. L'échange des produits de la zone humides sous forme de dons entre voisins et membres de la famille joue aussi un rôle essentiel dans les relations culturelles et sociales au sein de la communauté. L'étude conclue que la population locale est fortement dépendante des services écosystémiques de la zone humide mais que les utilisations actuelles excèdent les niveaux compatibles avec la durabilité du système, ce qui compromet les moyens de subsistance futures de la population locale. On recommande donc que les parties prenantes locales bénéficient d'un appui dans l'identification de moyens de subsistance alternatifs tout en développant simultanément des stratégies de gestion durable de la zone humide. La présente analyse devrait en outre être complétée par une évaluation économique des autres services écosystémiques (régulation et soutien) fournis par la zone humide aux parties prenantes locales et en aval de la zone.</p>
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              <addrLine>CGIAR System Management Office1000, Avenue AgropolisF-34394 Montpellier cedex 5</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.cgiar.org/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
    </back>
  </text>
</TEI>