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            <title xml:lang="en">On people's and participative hydrology based on experiments in low-flow situations: the Hydropop project (Cévennes, France)</title>
            <title xml:lang="fr">De l'hydrologie populaire et participative à base expérimentale en situation de basses eaux : le projet HydroPop (Cévennes, France)</title>
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            <idno type="stamp" n="UNICE">Université Nice Sophia Antipolis</idno>
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                <title xml:lang="en">On people's and participative hydrology based on experiments in low-flow situations: the Hydropop project (Cévennes, France)</title>
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                  <title>7ème colloque du réseau OPDE</title>
                  <date type="start">2017-10-26</date>
                  <date type="end">2017-10-27</date>
                  <settlement>Montpellier</settlement>
                  <country key="FR">France</country>
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              <keywords scheme="author">
                <term xml:lang="en">CARTOGRAPHIE INTERACTIVE</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">ZABR</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">ÉCHELLE DE GRAVITÉ</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">SCIENCE IMPLIQUÉE</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">DÉMARCHE PARTICIPATIVE</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">GARDON COURS D'EAU</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">ZABR - SITE ATELIER RIVIÈRES CÉVENOLES</term>
              </keywords>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="sde">Environmental Sciences</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae-old" n="HYDROLOGIE">HYDROLOGIE</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae-old" n="GESTION PARTICIPATIVE">GESTION PARTICIPATIVE</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae-old" n="LOW WATER">LOW WATER</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae-old" n="USE OF WATER">USE OF WATER</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae-old" n="CARTOGRAPHY">CARTOGRAPHY</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae-old" n="DROUGHT">DROUGHT</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae-old" n="ETIAGE">ETIAGE</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae-old" n="UTILISATION DE L'EAU">UTILISATION DE L'EAU</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae-old" n="COLLECTE D'INFORMATION">COLLECTE D'INFORMATION</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae-old" n="CARTOGRAPHIE">CARTOGRAPHIE</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae-old" n="RESSOURCE EN EAU">RESSOURCE EN EAU</classCode>
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              <classCode scheme="vocinrae-old" n="HYDROLOGY">HYDROLOGY</classCode>
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            <abstract xml:lang="en">
              <p>In the Cévennes, in summer, water resources are rare. The gap between these resources and population needs generates local difficulties. Climate change (possible aridification…) and the evolution of lifestyles (increase in consumption, water for leisure activities…) may increase the problems in the future. Except for inter-basin transfers, the solution can only be found in a more appropriate exploitation and sharing of available water at each point of the river system. The HydroPop program is based on the necessity of a fair sharing of the resource assuming a knowledge of the hydrologic phenomenon and supported on the population attachment of the population to their natural environment. The idea of sharing must therefore be based on an attachment to a shared environment. This implies a responsible collective attitude, underpinned by a participatory and deliberative local democracy, that is to say, popular. To this end, the means to inform the interested parties must be put in place. The first requirement is therefore to better assess the water resource availability in summer. To this end, we carry out measurements on ten sections of the hydrographic network of the Gardons d'Anduze and Alès. To be performative, these measurements require a processing chain almost in real time before informing the population, on one hand through drought gravity scales (Gravisec four-level scales) put at three points, and on the other hand by weekly media releases. The HydroPop project also aims at investigating the local water culture and the expectations of the populations living in the Cévennes. This phase of knowledge gathering may lead to the recruitment of occasional volunteer observers who will complement the collection of information, which should ultimately take place on a dedicated website.</p>
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            <abstract xml:lang="fr">
              <p>Les cours d'eau cévenols comme les Gardons (Gard, France) ont des débits d'étiage qui peuvent être très faibles et n'atteindre que 1 l/s/km2. Au regard des besoins exprimés par les occupants permanents ou temporaires de ces territoires, la gestion de cette ressource rare est problématique et devrait l'être de plus en plus au fur et à mesure que la demande croît et que le changement climatique affecte le régime hydrologique actuel. La gestion des cours d'eau cévenols en période d'étiage doit donc faire face à deux difficultés majeures : une connaissance insuffisante du fonctionnement des cours d'eau liée à des stations hydrologiques peu nombreuses et installées pour suivre les crues des épisodes cévenols et une réserve de certains acteurs locaux et d'une partie des usagers. Ces derniers jugent inadaptée aux cours d'eau méditerranéens la règlementation relative aux débits réservés et la définition des volumes prélevables. Dans ce contexte, le projet HydroPop propose : 1) d'acquérir des informations détaillées sur les débits estivaux par la mise en place de stations temporaires d'étiage en divers points du bassin amont des Gardons, 2) de diffuser cette information quasiment en temps réel à la population par différents canaux (bulletins de l'eau sur les radios locales, conférences grand public, échelles GraviSec), 3) de recueillir et analyser les perceptions et les connaissances de la population permanente et touristique concernant les basses eaux via une enquête, 4) de susciter la participation d'observateurs bénévoles à la collecte d'information sur l'état des cours d'eau pendant l'été, grâce à une plateforme cartographique participative développée sur le Web. Cet article décrit le dispositif d'hydrologie populaire et participative mis en place pendant l'été 2017, dont on espère qu'il conduira à une gestion plus apaisée. Il formalise en outre quelques leçons tirées de cette première expérimentation.</p>
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