During the SPARE project (2015-2018), participatory processes have been implemented in five pilot case studies (PCSs, see Figure 1). The overall aim of these participatory processes was to improve existing watercourse management practices by integrating citizens and other stakeholders in decision-making. The objective of the current report is to present the results of the monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of these participatory processes over the entire timeframe of the SPARE project. The report is organised in three parts: • The context in which participatory processes were implemented: what are the issues at stake, who are the different actors, what knowledge they have about water, how participatory processes were linked to strategic planning in each PCS, etc. • The participatory processes themselves: who were the participants involved, what methods were used, who was mobilized and at what moment, ... • The outputs, outcomes and impacts: which deliverables were produced by participants (e.g. citizen diagnosis, proposals, etc.), whether participatory processes changed their perceptions, which modifications it generated in the institutions in charge, etc. Each part is composed of several sub-sections (cf. table of content). For each subsection (except context), we have indicated: • A reminder of the methodological guidelines initially provided by the project work package in charge of participation (WP T1) • A description of the way these guidelines have been implemented in each PCS • Key lessons learned Data collected to fuel the current report comes from the various M&E methods implemented in each PCS (See section on Monitoring and evaluation and Table 11). Additional data was also collected and compiled in other WP T1 deliverables or in other work packages' deliverables. We have included in this report only the data that was relevant to understand and analyse participatory processes. For more detailed information on specific aspects, we have included links to these other deliverables.