The 24 distribution maps are a contribution to the regional project "Maximize the production of goods and services of Mediterranean forest ecosystems in the context of global changes" funded by the French Global Environmental Facility (FGEF) and coordinated by FAO-Silva Mediterranea and Plan Bleu. The maps are part of the activities of component 1 "Production of data and development of tools to support decision and management of vulnerable Mediterranean forest ecosystems affected by climate change and the ability of these forest ecosystems to adapt to global change". A total of 24 key forest tree species have been selected by the project partners for their importance for the biodiversity of the Mediterranean basin and for delivering ecosystem services to the Mediterranean forestry community. Data on the geographic distribution of the 24 species were compiled from different sources and make a distinction between locations of known distribution, presumed area of native distribution, and countries (or region within countries) of native distribution.