, Abbreviations Ch: Virulence cost; DH: Doubled-haploid, vol.DLL

, EM: Egg-mass; GI: Gall index; HR: Hypersensitive reaction; J2s: Second-stage juveniles

M. Incognita, Meloidogyne incognita; M: Months; QTL: Quantitative trait loci; R-gene: Resistance gene; R-genotype: Resistant genotype

, RKNs: Root-knot nematodes; R-plant: Resistant plant; RR: Reproductive rate

, SCAR-PCR: Sequence characterised amplified region based PCR assays; SIP: Soil infection potential

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