J. C. Watts and D. Westaway, The prion protein family: diversity, rivalry, and dysfunction, Biochim Biophys Acta, vol.1772, pp.654-672, 2007.

A. Aguzzi and M. Polymenidou, Mammalian prion biology: one century of evolving concepts, Cell, vol.116, pp.313-327, 2004.

S. B. Prusiner, Novel proteinaceous infectious particles cause scrapie, Science, vol.216, pp.136-144, 1982.

G. G. Kovacs and H. Budka, Molecular pathology of human prion diseases, Int J Mol Sci, vol.10, pp.976-999, 2009.

Y. Shaked, H. Rosenmann, G. Talmor, and R. Gabizon, A C-terminal-truncated PrP isoform is present in mature sperm, J Biol Chem, vol.274, pp.32153-32158, 1999.

P. Weber, M. Schuler, C. Mark, M. Metzger, D. Chambon et al., Temporally controlled sitespecific mutagenesis in the germ cell lineage of the mouse testis, Biol Reprod, vol.68, pp.553-559, 2003.

H. Ecroyd, P. Sarradin, J. L. Dacheux, and J. L. Gatti, Compartmentalization of prion isoforms within the reproductive tract of the ram, Biol Reprod, vol.71, pp.993-1001, 2004.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02671694

H. B?-ueler, M. Fischer, Y. Lang, H. Bluethmann, H. P. Lipp et al., Normal development and behaviour of mice lacking the neuronal cell-surface PrP protein, Nature, vol.356, pp.577-582, 1992.

J. C. Manson, A. R. Clarke, M. L. Hooper, L. Aitchison, I. Mcconnell et al., 129/Ola mice carrying a null mutation in PrP that abolishes mRNA production are developmentally normal, Mol Neurobiol, vol.8, pp.121-127, 1994.

J. A. Richt, P. Kasinathan, A. N. Hamir, J. Castilla, T. Sathiyaseelan et al., Production of cattle lacking prion protein, Nat Biotechnol, vol.25, pp.132-138, 2007.

G. Yu, J. Chen, Y. Xu, C. Zhu, H. Yu et al., Generation of goats lacking prion protein, Mol Reprod Dev, vol.76, p.3, 2009.

A. Pailhoux and E. , Role of the prion protein family in the gonads, Front Cell Dev Biol, vol.2, p.56, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02632043

R. Linden, V. R. Martins, M. A. Prado, M. Cammarota, I. Izquierdo et al., Physiology of the prion protein, Physiol Rev, vol.88, pp.673-728, 2008.

M. H. Lopes and T. G. Santos, Prion potency in stem cells biology, Prion, vol.6, pp.142-146, 2012.

J. C. Watts, B. Drisaldi, V. Ng, J. Yang, B. Strome et al., The CNS glycoprotein Shadoo has PrP(C)-like protective properties and displays reduced levels in prion infections, EMBO J, vol.26, pp.4038-4050, 2007.

R. Young, L. Guillou, S. , T. G. Passet, B. Vilotte et al., Generation of Sprn-regulated reporter mice reveals gonadic spatial expression of the prion-like protein Shadoo in mice, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, vol.412, pp.752-756, 2011.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01000156

R. Young, B. Passet, M. Vilotte, E. P. Cribiu, L. Provost et al., The prion or the related Shadoo protein is required for early mouse embryogenesis, FEBS Lett, vol.583, pp.3296-3300, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01193399

B. Passet, R. Young, S. Makhzami, M. Vilotte, F. Jaffrezic et al., Prion protein and Shadoo are involved in overlapping embryonic pathways and trophoblastic development, PLoS ONE, vol.7, p.41959, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00999993

N. Daude, S. Wohlgemuth, R. Brown, R. Pitstick, H. Gapeshina et al., Knockout of the prion protein (PrP)-like Sprn gene does not produce embryonic lethality in combination with PrP(C)-deficiency, Proc Natl Acad Sci, vol.109, pp.9035-9040, 2012.

D. Rossi, A. Cozzio, E. Flechsig, M. A. Klein, T. R?-ulicke et al., Onset of ataxia and Purkinje cell loss in PrP null mice inversely correlated with Dpl level in brain, EMBO J, vol.20, pp.694-702, 2001.

R. C. Moore, I. Y. Lee, G. L. Silverman, P. M. Harrison, R. Strome et al., Ataxia in prion protein (PrP)-deficient mice is associated with upregulation of the novel PrP-like protein doppel, J Mol Biol, vol.292, pp.797-817, 1999.

L. Anderson, D. Rossi, J. Linehan, S. Brandner, and C. Weissmann, Transgene, 2004.

, Doppel protein in Purkinje cells causes Purkinje cell degeneration and motor impairment, Proc Natl Acad Sci, vol.101, pp.3644-3649

A. Bersaoui, R. , R. I. Lutz, Y. Blanc, F. Sommermeyer-leroux et al., Purkinje-cell degeneration in prion protein-deficient mice is associated with a cerebellumspecific Doppel protein species signature, FEBS Lett, vol.579, pp.2715-2721, 2005.

A. Behrens, N. Genoud, H. Naumann, T. R?-ulicke, J. F. Heppner et al., Absence of the prion protein homologue Doppel causes male sterility, EMBO J, vol.21, pp.3652-3658, 2002.

D. Paisley, S. Banks, J. Selfridge, N. F. Mclennan, A. M. Ritchie et al., Male infertility and DNA damage in Doppel knockout and prion protein/Doppel double-knockout mice, Am J Pathol, vol.164, pp.2279-2288, 2004.

. Peoc'h-k, C. Serres, Y. Frobert, C. Martin, S. Lehmann et al., The human "prion-like" protein Doppel is expressed in both Sertoli cells and spermatozoa, J Biol Chem, vol.277, pp.43071-43078, 2002.

A. Espenes, I. Harbitz, S. Skogtvedt, R. Fuglestveit, K. A. Berg et al., Dynamic expression of the prion-like protein Doppel in ovine testicular tissue, Int J Androl, vol.29, pp.400-408, 2006.

M. Rondena, F. Ceciliani, S. Comazzi, V. Pocacqua, C. Bazzocchi et al., Identification of bovine doppel protein in testis, ovary and ejaculated spermatozoa, Theriogenology, vol.63, pp.1195-1206, 2005.

C. Serres, K. Peoc'h, A. M. Courtot, C. Lesaffre, P. Jouannet et al., Spatio-developmental distribution of the prion-like protein doppel in Mammalian testis: a comparative analysis focusing on its presence in the acrosome of spermatids, Biol Reprod, vol.74, pp.816-823, 2006.

A. Kocer, M. Gallozzi, R. L. Tilly, G. Pinheiro, I. et al., Goat PRND expression pattern suggests its involvement in early sex differentiation, Dev Dyn, vol.236, pp.836-842, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02661672

E. Pailhoux, B. Vigier, D. Vaiman, N. Servel, S. Chaffaux et al., Ontogenesis of femaleto-male sex-reversal in XX polled goats, Dev Dyn, vol.224, pp.39-50, 2002.

J. Vandesompele, P. K. De, F. Pattyn, B. Poppe, R. N. Van et al., Accurate normalization of real-time quantitative RT-PCR data by geometric averaging of multiple internal control genes, Genome Biol, vol.3, p.34, 2002.

F. Montazer-torbati, A. Kocer, A. A. Renault, L. Charpigny, G. et al., A study of goat SRY protein expression suggests putative new roles for this gene in the developing testis of a species with long-lasting SRY expression, Dev Dyn, vol.239, pp.3324-3335, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02661456

J. Hellemans, G. Mortier, A. De-paepe, F. Speleman, and J. Vandesompele, qBase relative quantification framework and software for management and automated analysis of real-time quantitative PCR data, 2007.

, Genome Biol, vol.8, p.19

R. A. Clark, M. Shoaib, K. N. Hewitt, S. Sc, and S. T. Bate, A comparison of InVivoStat with other statistical software packages for analysis of data generated from animal experiments, J Psychopharmacol, vol.26, pp.1136-1142, 2012.

C. F-eraudet, N. Morel, S. Simon, H. Volland, Y. Frobert et al., Screening of 145 anti-PrP monoclonal antibodies for their capacity to inhibit PrPSc replication in infected cells, J Biol Chem, vol.280, pp.11247-11258, 2005.

E. Lampo, W. Van-den-broeck, N. Willemarck, M. Van-poucke, C. R. Casteleyn et al., Distribution of the Shadoo protein in the ovine brain assessed by immunohistochemistry, Res Vet Sci, vol.90, pp.372-378, 2011.

D. B. Hales, S. Ll, and A. H. Payne, Testosterone inhibits cAMP-induced de Novo synthesis of Leydig cell cytochrome P-450(17 alpha) by an androgen receptor-mediated mechanism, J Biol Chem, vol.262, pp.11200-11206, 1987.

L. Boulanger, M. Pannetier, L. Gall, A. Allais-bonnet, M. Elzaiat et al., FOXL2 is a female sex-determining gene in the goat, Curr Biol, vol.24, pp.404-408, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02638689

M. Pannetier, M. Elzaiat, . Th, and E. Pailhoux, Telling the story of XX sex reversal in the goat: highlighting the sex-crossroad in domestic mammals, Sex Dev, vol.6, pp.33-45, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02648106

M. Pannetier, S. Fabre, F. Batista, A. Kocer, L. Renault et al., FOXL2 activates P450 aromatase gene transcription: towards a better characterization of the early steps of mammalian ovarian development, J Mol Endocrinol, vol.36, pp.399-413, 2006.

L. Dong, S. A. Jelinsky, J. N. Finger, D. S. Johnston, G. S. Kopf et al., Gene expression during development of fetal and adult Leydig cells, Ann N Y Acad Sci, vol.1120, pp.16-35, 2007.

M. Elzaiat, L. Jouneau, D. Th-epot, C. Klopp, A. Allais-bonnet et al., High-throughput sequencing analyses of XX genital ridges lacking FOXL2 reveal DMRT1 up-regulation before SOX9 expression during the sex-reversal process in goats, Biol Reprod, vol.91, p.153, 2014.