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A chromosome-based draft sequence of the hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) genome . International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (iwgsc) 1430504-0 Michael M. Alaux 64aa6022e6899e4bfaeda5bce068b659 inra.fr michael-alaux 1207096 812833-1207096 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9356-4072 https://scholar.google.fr/citations?user=HWFnYV8AAAAJ Françoise F. Alfama-Depauw 54fbdc7a676c78202cce4148c717787c inrae.fr francoise-alfama 1212225 831694-1212225 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4448-306X Frédéric Choulet 0115bfa3225860af856aaac0d66d4671 inrae.fr frederic-choulet 746269 50906-746269 https://www.idref.fr/111370639 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1788-7288 Loïc Couderc 977123-0 Natasha Marie Glover 975752-0 Claire Guerche 977124-0 Nicolas N. Guilhot 812846-0 Véronique Jamilloux 0b449efc00942e488c65c3dbebcc0313 inrae.fr veronique-jamilloux 185138 33168-185138 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6898-4910 Mikael Loaec 1888032-0 Etienne Paux 495941b56ec2830f460432c3a7d50616 inrae.fr etienne-paux 736306 27673-736306 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3094-7129 https://www.idref.fr/083625402 Lise Pingault 901539-0 Hadi Quesneville ae8f9a68ced1394858c99fc03c13f8b9 inrae.fr hadi-quesneville 736048 50325-736048 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3001-4908 https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=EsjVRUYAAAAJ&hl=en https://www.idref.fr/137542860 https://viaf.org/viaf/210286699 http://isni.org/isni/0000000358880330 Pierre Sourdille 4528915fb0400db329d699fa007bcf06 inrae.fr pierre-sourdille 749552 50503-749552 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1027-2224 https://www.idref.fr/139291075 Matthias Zytnicki 69d92045fbd6ea2706b30ab1a83c52ac inrae.fr matthias-zytnicki 748132 49878-748132 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4895-8731 Migration ProdInra 9e5ed7d56b52b3d4383123b1ffb42236 inrae.fr 2020-05-28 15:27:40 2025-03-21 15:12:20 2020-05-28 15:27:40 2014 inra_publicVise_local_SC contributor Migration ProdInra 9e5ed7d56b52b3d4383123b1ffb42236 inrae.fr CCSD hal-02640843 https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02640843 internationalwheatgenomesequencingconsortiumiwgsc:hal-02640843 <i>Science</i>, 2014, 345 (6194), pp.1251788. <a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1251788">⟨10.1126/science.1251788⟩</a> Science, 2014, 345 (6194), pp.1251788. ⟨10.1126/science.1251788⟩ Sciences De l'Environnement Université de Clermont Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II INRA - Institut national de la recherche agronomique Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales GIP Bretagne Environnement Archive ouverte en agrobiosciences Institut National de Recherche en Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement Unité de Recherche Génomique-Info Département BAP INRAE La liste complète des auteurs et leurs affiliations sont disponibles à la fin de l'article - 96 collaborateurs : Mayer KF, Rogers J, Doležel J, Pozniak C, Eversole K, Feuillet C, Gill B, Friebe B, Lukaszewski AJ, Sourdille P, Endo TR, Kubaláková M, Cíhalíková J, Dubská Z, Vrána J, Sperková R, Simková H, Febrer M, Clissold L, McLay K, Singh K, Chhuneja P, Singh NK, Khurana J, Akhunov E, Choulet F, Alberti A, Barbe V, Wincker P, Kanamori H, Kobayashi F, Itoh T, Matsumoto T, Sakai H, Tanaka T, Wu J, Ogihara Y, Handa H, Maclachlan PR, Sharpe A, Klassen D, Edwards D, Batley J, Olsen OA, Sandve SR, Lien S, Steuernagel B, Wulff B, Caccamo M, Ayling S, Ramirez-Gonzalez RH, Clavijo BJ, Wright J, Pfeifer M, Spannagl M, Martis MM, Mascher M, Chapman J, Poland JA, Scholz U, Barry K, Waugh R, Rokhsar DS, Muehlbauer GJ, Stein N, Gundlach H, Zytnicki M, Jamilloux V, Quesneville H, Wicker T, Faccioli P, Colaiacovo M, Stanca AM, Budak H, Cattivelli L, Glover N, Pingault L, Paux E, Sharma S, Appels R, Bellgard M, Chapman B, Nussbaumer T, Bader KC, Rimbert H, Wang S, Knox R, Kilian A, Alaux M, Alfama F, Couderc L, Guilhot N, Viseux C, Loaec M, Keller B, Praud S. International No Yes A chromosome-based draft sequence of the hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) genome . International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (iwgsc) 1430504-0 Michael M. Alaux 64aa6022e6899e4bfaeda5bce068b659 inra.fr michael-alaux 1207096 812833-1207096 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9356-4072 https://scholar.google.fr/citations?user=HWFnYV8AAAAJ Françoise F. Alfama-Depauw 54fbdc7a676c78202cce4148c717787c inrae.fr francoise-alfama 1212225 831694-1212225 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4448-306X Frédéric Choulet 0115bfa3225860af856aaac0d66d4671 inrae.fr frederic-choulet 746269 50906-746269 https://www.idref.fr/111370639 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1788-7288 Loïc Couderc 977123-0 Natasha Marie Glover 975752-0 Claire Guerche 977124-0 Nicolas N. Guilhot 812846-0 Véronique Jamilloux 0b449efc00942e488c65c3dbebcc0313 inrae.fr veronique-jamilloux 185138 33168-185138 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6898-4910 Mikael Loaec 1888032-0 Etienne Paux 495941b56ec2830f460432c3a7d50616 inrae.fr etienne-paux 736306 27673-736306 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3094-7129 https://www.idref.fr/083625402 Lise Pingault 901539-0 Hadi Quesneville ae8f9a68ced1394858c99fc03c13f8b9 inrae.fr hadi-quesneville 736048 50325-736048 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3001-4908 https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=EsjVRUYAAAAJ&hl=en https://www.idref.fr/137542860 https://viaf.org/viaf/210286699 http://isni.org/isni/0000000358880330 Pierre Sourdille 4528915fb0400db329d699fa007bcf06 inrae.fr pierre-sourdille 749552 50503-749552 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1027-2224 https://www.idref.fr/139291075 Matthias Zytnicki 69d92045fbd6ea2706b30ab1a83c52ac inrae.fr matthias-zytnicki 748132 49878-748132 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4895-8731 8409 0036-8075 1095-9203 Science American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) 345 6194 1251788 2014 10.1126/science.1251788 267782 25035500 000343420300004 English Life Sciences [q-bio] Environmental Sciences Journal articles Journal articles Journal articles

An ordered draft sequence of the 17-gigabase hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) genome has been produced by sequencing isolated chromosome arms. We have annotated 124,201 gene loci distributed nearly evenly across the homeologous chromosomes and subgenomes. Comparative gene analysis of wheat subgenomes and extant diploid and tetraploid wheat relatives showed that high sequence similarity and structural conservation are retained, with limited gene loss, after polyploidization. However, across the genomes there was evidence of dynamic gene gain, loss, and duplication since the divergence of the wheat lineages. A high degree of transcriptional autonomy and no global dominance was found for the subgenomes. These insights into the genome biology of a polyploid crop provide a springboard for faster gene isolation, rapid genetic marker development, and precise breeding to meet the needs of increasing food demand worldwide.

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