Within the Mediterranean QUBIC project centered on innovations developing biodiversity, we approach the points of view of the pig breeders in extensive systems based on local breeds, on their insertion in the dynamics of territorial development. A questionnaire including 4 parts and 12 questions was managed towards 123 farmers carrying on their activities in the 5 areas interested by the project: Italy (Tuscany, Sicily and Emilia-Romagna), Greece (Thessaly) and France (Corsica). Data collected relate to (i) environmental problems, (ii) visions of the territory and local insertion of activities, (iii) local breed seen as a factor of anchorage of the activities, and (iv) professional identity of the stockbreeder of local breed. We carried out an analysis centered on the link between breeds and territory, in order to identify possible points of blocking and levers in the projects of development of these breeds. We identify common features but also marked differences: (i) established systems (Cinta Senese in Tuscany) where a lot of newcomers show some lack of technical culture; (ii) stabilizing systems (Nustrale in Corsica, Nero Siciliano in Sicily) with deep anchorage of activities but weak professional organization; and (iii) emerging systems (Greek in Thessaly, Nero di Parma or Romagnola in Emilia-Romagna) not yet insured in their territorial insertion. Such comparative study allows upplying useful elements for future exchanges at Mediterranean level.