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                <term xml:lang="en">lock-in</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">cropping system</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">crop succession</term>
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              <p>Intercropping (the simultaneous growth of 2 or more species in the same field) is one way to solve some difficulties that organic supply chain has to face. The aim of this article is to assess the consequences and the compatibility with intercrops at 2 levels: i) cropping systems of 18 farmers from north of France and ii) the logistics ofagricultural cooperatives which collect durum wheat in Midi-Pyrenees altogether with two cooperatives that already had experimented intercrops (Terrena and AgriBioUnion).The conclusions of our work is that intercrops seem a priori compatible with farmers’ cropping systems and with the presentlogistic organization of cooperatives but the main difficulty remains the feasibility and the cost in sorting out grains. Constraints and benefits of intercrops must then be analyzed more precisely at each level of the supply chain in order to collectively develop solutions.</p>
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              <p>Les cultures associées (la culture simultanée d’au moins deux espèces sur une même parcelle)sont un moyen de répondre en partie aux difficultés rencontrées par les filières biologiques. L’objectif de cet article est d’identifier les conséquences de leur mise en œuvre ainsi que le degré de compatibilité au niveau : i) des systèmes de culture de 18 agriculteurs lorrains et ii) de l’organisation logistique des coopératives de Midi-Pyrénées collectant du blé dur et de deux coopératives ayant déjà expérimenté ces mélanges (Terrena et AgriBioUnion). Les conclusions de nos travaux montrent que les cultures associées sont a priori compatibles avec les systèmes de culture lorrains et avec l'organisation logistique actuelle des coopératives mais que le principal frein à leur développement réside dans la faisabilité et le coût du tri des grains. Les contraintes et bénéfices engendrés par les associations doivent donc être analysés plus finement et ce à chaque maillon de la filière afin de développer collectivement des solutions.</p>
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