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Article Dans Une Revue New Phytologist Année : 2008

Sex and truffles: first evidence of Perigord black truffle outcrosses

Résumé

The Perigord truffle (Tuber melanosporum Vittad.) is a ‘cult-food’,one of the worldwide recognized icons of European gastronomy and culture, for which genomic and genetic information could act as a knowledge platform to improve its production and environmental persistence. The fruiting body of T. melanosporum is an edible truffle (= hypogeous ascocarp), which is a delicacy highly appreciated for its delicate organoleptic properties (i.e. taste and perfumes). This fungus belongs to the Ascomycota (Pezizales; Tuberaceae). It is endemic to calcareous soils in southern Europe and found in symbiotic association with roots of deciduous trees, mostly oaks and hazelnut trees, but also poplars. In this symbiotic relationship – the ectomycorrhizal association – long, branching fungal filaments known as hyphae ramify between cells of the root’s outer layers, form a sheath around the root and radiate outwards into the surrounding soil and litter. In late Summer, extramatrical hyphae aggregate to form fruit body initials, from which the fruiting bodies then develop during Fall and early Winter. In truffles, the fruit body (or ascocarp) is formed by sterile hyphae (gleba) and fertile hyphae in which are found the ascospores. The spores released from mature truffles germinate in the following Spring, producing a homokaryotic vegetative mycelium (Paolocci et al., 2006), which results in colonization of tree root tips and further development of the symbiosis completing the truffle life cycle.

Dates et versions

hal-02655085 , version 1 (29-05-2020)

Identifiants

Citer

Francis Martin, Claude Murat. Sex and truffles: first evidence of Perigord black truffle outcrosses. New Phytologist, 2008, 180 (2), pp.260-263. ⟨10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02634.x⟩. ⟨hal-02655085⟩
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