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            <title xml:lang="en">Effect of tillage on bare soil energy balance and thermal regime : an experimental study</title>
            <title xml:lang="fr">Effet du labour sur le bilan d'énergie et le régime thermique d'un sol nu : étude expérimentale</title>
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            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;Agronomie&lt;/i&gt;, 1998, 18 (3), pp.163-181</idno>
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                <title xml:lang="en">Effect of tillage on bare soil energy balance and thermal regime : an experimental study</title>
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                <title level="j">Agronomie</title>
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                  <date type="datePub">1998</date>
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              <classCode scheme="vocinrae-old" n="betterave sucrière">betterave sucrière</classCode>
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              <p>The effects of tillage on the energy balance and temperature of bare soil were studied using three plots that had different soil structures due to different times of seedbed preparation and soil compaction. The experiment was performed on a loamy soil (Gleyic luvisol) in northern France during the establishment of sugar beet in spring 1992. Temperature, water content, heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the ploughed layer, surface albedo and roughness, net radiation, soil heat flux, sensible heat flux and evaporation were all measured over a spring-tilled soil, an autumn-tilled soil and a compacted soil. Differences in soil heat fluxes were related to soil evaporation and thermal conductivity. Differences in soil temperatures were related to heat capacity. In spite of a considerable evaporation, the compacted soil had the highest soil heat flux because of its high thermal conductivity. Nevertheless, the spring-tilled soil was the warmest because of its low heat capacity, and sugar beet germinated more rapidly with spring soil tillage. (© Inra/Elsevier, Paris.)</p>
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              <p>Une expérimentation a été conduite dans un sol limoneux (Gleyic luvisol) dans le Nord de la France pendant la phase d’implantation d’une culture de betterave sucrière au printemps 1992 pour étudier les effets du travail du sol sur le bilan d’énergie et sur le régime thermique du sol. La température, l’humidité, la capacité calorifique, la conductivité thermique au sein de la couche labourée, l’albédo et la rugosité de la surface, le rayonnement net, le flux de chaleur dans le sol et dans l’air et le flux de chaleur latente ont été mesurés dans un sol travaillé au printemps, dans un sol travaillé à l’automne ou dans un sol fortement compacté. Les différences de flux de chaleur dans le sol entre traitements étaient liées aux niveaux d’évaporation et à la conductivité thermique ; les différences de température étaient liées à la capacité calorifique. Le sol fortement compacté avait le flux de chaleur le plus élevé malgré un niveau d’évaporation important, à cause de sa forte conductivité thermique. Mais c’était le sol travaillé au printemps qui était le plus chaud à cause de sa faible capacité calorifique, entraînant une germination des betteraves sucrières plus rapide. (© Inra/Elsevier, Paris.)</p>
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