R. Arditi and B. Dacorogna, Optimal foraging in nonpatchy habitats. I. Bounded one-dimensional resource, Math. Biosci, vol.76, pp.127-145, 1985.

H. M. Armstrong, Predicting the effects of large herbivores on hill vegetation in the UK. The art and graph of modelling in applied biology, Aspects of Applied Biology, vol.26, pp.217-220, 1991.

M. Astr?m, P. Lundberg, and K. Danell, Partial prey consumption by browsers : trees as patches, J. Anim. Ecol, vol.59, pp.287-300, 1990.

D. W. Bailey, L. R. Rittenhouse, R. H. Hart, and R. W. Richards, Characteristics of spatial memory in cattle, Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci, vol.23, pp.331-340, 1989.

D. W. Bailey, J. E. Gross, E. A. Laca, L. R. Rittenhouse, M. B. Coughenour et al., Mechanisms that result in large herbivore grazing distribution patterns, J. Range Manage, vol.49, pp.387-397, 1996.

D. R. Bazely, Foraging behaviour of sheep (Ovis aries L.) grazing on swards of perennial ryegrass, 1988.

J. Berger, Pregnancy incentives, predation constraints and habitat shifts : experimental and field evidence for wild bighorn sheep, Anim. Behav, vol.41, pp.61-77, 1991.

S. Biquand and V. Biquand-guyot, The influence of peers, lineage and environment on food selection of the criollo goat (Capra hircus), Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci, vol.34, pp.231-245, 1992.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01368785

J. L. Black and P. A. Kenney, Factors affecting diet selection by sheep. II. Height and density of pasture, Aust. J. Agric. Res, vol.35, pp.565-578, 1984.

E. L. Charnov, Optimal foraging, the marginal value theorem, Theor. Pop. Biol, vol.9, pp.129-136, 1976.

J. L. Clarke, D. Welch, and I. J. Gordon, The influence of vegetation pattern on the grazing of heather moorland by red deer and sheep. I. The location of animals on grass/heather mosaics, J. Appl. Ecol, vol.32, pp.166-176, 1995.

M. W. Demment and E. A. Laca, The grazing ruminant : models and experimental techniques to relate sward structure and intake, Proc. VII World Conf, pp.439-460, 1993.

R. A. Distel, E. A. Laca, T. C. Griggs, and M. W. Demment, Patch selection by cattle : maximization of intake rate in horizontally heterogeneous pastures, Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci, vol.45, pp.11-21, 1995.

R. Dukas and S. Ellner, Information processing and prey detection, Ecology, vol.74, pp.1337-1346, 1993.

B. Dumont, Diet preferences of herbivores at pasture, Ann. Zootech, vol.46, pp.105-116, 1997.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00889680

B. Dumont and M. Petit, An indoor method for studying the preferences of sheep and cattle at pasture, Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci, vol.46, pp.67-80, 1995.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02703073

B. Dumont, M. Petit, and P. Dõhour, Choice of sheep and cattle between vegetative and reproductive cocksfoot patches, Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci, vol.43, pp.1-15, 1995.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02700321

B. Dumont, A. Dutronc, and M. Petit, How readily will sheep walk for a preferred forage ?, J. Anim. Sci, vol.76, pp.965-971, 1998.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02684280

G. R. Edwards, J. A. Newman, A. J. Parsons, and J. R. Krebs, The use of spatial memory by grazing animals to locate food patches in spatially heterogeneous environments : an example whith sheep, Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci, vol.50, pp.147-160, 1996.

G. R. Edwards, J. A. Newman, A. J. Parsons, and J. R. Krebs, Use of cues by grazing animals to locate food patches : an example with sheep, Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci, vol.51, pp.59-68, 1997.

A. El-aich, A. Moukadem, and L. R. Rittenhouse, Feeding station behavior of free-grazing sheep, Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci, vol.24, pp.259-265, 1989.

L. J. Folse, J. M. Packard, and W. E. Grant, AI modelling of animal movements in a heterogeneous habitat, Ecol. Modelling, vol.46, pp.57-72, 1989.

S. D. Fretwell and H. L. Lucas, On terrestrial behaviour and other factors influencing habitat distribution in birds, Acta Bioth, vol.19, pp.16-36, 1970.

H. Fritz and M. De-garine-wichatitsky, Foraging in a social antelope : effects of group size on foraging choices and resource perception in impala, J. Anim. Ecol, vol.65, pp.736-742, 1996.

D. Ganskopp and M. Vavra, Slope use by cattle, feral horses, deer and bighorn sheep, Northw. Sci, vol.61, pp.74-81, 1987.

M. P. Gillingham and F. L. Bunnell, Effects of learning on food selection and searching behaviour of deer, Can. J. Zool, vol.67, pp.24-32, 1989.

J. Goddard, Food preferences of two black rhinoceros populations, E. Afr. Wildl. J, vol.6, pp.1-18, 1968.

J. E. Gross, C. Zank, N. T. Hobbs, and D. E. Spalinger, Movement rules for herbivores in spatially heterogenous environments : responses to small scale pattern, Landscape Ecol, vol.10, pp.209-217, 1995.

H. Hirvonen and E. Ranta, Within-bout dynamics of diet choice, Behav. Ecol, vol.7, pp.494-500, 1996.

A. W. Illius, D. A. Clark, and J. Hodgson, Discrimination and patch choice by sheep grazing grass-clover swards, J. Anim. Ecol, vol.61, pp.183-194, 1992.

A. W. Illius, I. J. Gordon, D. A. Elston, and J. D. Milne, Diet selection in grazing ruminants : A test of rate maximization, Ecology, 1998.

B. D. Irving, P. L. Rutledge, A. W. Bailey, A. Neath, and D. S. Chanasyk, Grass utilization and grazing distribution within intensively managed fields in Central Alberta, J. Range Manage, vol.48, pp.358-361, 1995.

P. J. Jarman, The social organisation of antelope in relation to their ecology, Anim. Ecol. Res, pp.215-266, 1974.

Z. Jiang and R. J. Hudson, Optimal grazing of wapiti (Cervus elaphus) on grassland : patch and feeding station departure rules, Evol. Ecol, vol.7, pp.488-498, 1993.

B. P. Kotler and L. Blaustein, Titrating food and safety in a heterogeneous environment : when are the risky and safe patches of equal value ? Oikos, vol.74, pp.251-258, 1995.

B. P. Kotler, J. E. Gross, and W. A. Mitchell, Applying patch use to assess aspects of foraging behavior in nubian ibex, J. Wild. Manage, vol.58, pp.299-307, 1993.

E. A. Laca and M. W. Demment, Foraging strategies of grazing animals, 1996.

. Illius, The ecology and management of grazing systems, pp.137-158

E. A. Laca, R. A. Distel, T. C. Griggs, G. Deo, and M. W. Demment, Field test of optimal foraging with cattle : the marginal value theorem successfully predicts patch selection and utilisation. XVII International Grassland Congress, pp.709-710, 1993.

E. A. Laca, R. A. Distel, T. C. Griggs, and M. W. Demment, Effect of canopy structure on patch depression by grazers, Ecology, vol.75, pp.706-716, 1994.

R. Langvatn and T. A. Hanley, Feeding-patch choice by red deer in relation to foraging efficiency : An experiment, Oecologia, vol.95, pp.164-170, 1993.

M. Milinski, Information overload and food selection, NATO ASI series G, vol.20, pp.721-736, 1990.

C. Mishra and A. J. Johnsengh, On habitat selection by the goral Nemorhaedus geral bedfodi (bovidae arhodactyla), J. Zool, vol.240, pp.573-580, 1996.

J. A. Newman, A. J. Parsons, J. H. Thornley, P. D. Penning, and J. R. Krebs, Optimal diet selection by a generalist grazing herbivore, Funct. Ecol, vol.9, pp.255-268, 1995.

R. Nonacs, Is satisficing an alternative to optimal foraging theory ? Oikos, vol.63, pp.312-317, 1993.

R. Nonacs and L. M. Dill, Mortality risk vs food quality trade-offs in a common currency : patch preferences, Ecology, vol.71, pp.1886-1892, 1990.

P. A. Novellie, Comparison of the foraging strategies of blesbok and springbok on the transvaal highveld, J. Wild. Res, vol.8, pp.137-144, 1978.

R. N. Owen-smith and P. Novellie, What should a clever ungulate eat ?, Am. Nat, vol.119, pp.151-178, 1982.

A. J. Parsons, J. H. Thornley, J. A. Newman, and P. D. Penning, A mechanistic model of some physical determinants of intake rate and diet selection in a two-species temperate grassland sward, Funct. Ecol, vol.8, pp.187-204, 1994.

F. D. Provenza, Postingestive feedback as an elementary determinant of food preference and intake in ruminants, J. Range Manage, vol.48, pp.2-17, 1995.

F. D. Provenza and D. F. Balph, Diet learning by domestic ruminants : Theory, evidence and practical implications, Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci, vol.18, pp.211-232, 1987.

F. D. Provenza and D. F. Balph, Applicability of five diet-selection models to various foraging challenges ruminants encounter, Behavioural Mechanisms of Food Selection, pp.423-460, 1990.

G. H. Pyke, Optimal foraging in bumblebees : rule of movement between flowers within inflorescences, Anim. Behav, vol.27, pp.1167-1181, 1979.

G. H. Pyke, Optimal foraging in hummingbirds : rule of movement between inflorescences, Anim. Behav, vol.29, pp.889-896, 1981.

G. H. Pyke, Optimal foraging theory : a critical review, Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst, vol.15, pp.523-575, 1984.

G. H. Pyke, H. R. Pulliam, and E. L. Charnov, Optimal foraging : a selective review of theory and tests, Quat. Rev. Biol, vol.52, pp.137-153, 1977.

A. Ramos and T. Tennessen, Effect of previous grazing experience on the grazing behaviour of lambs, Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci, vol.33, pp.43-52, 1992.

L. A. Real, Animal choice behavior and the evolution of cognitive architecture, Science, vol.253, pp.980-986, 1991.

C. Roguet, Strat?gie de p?turage des ovins l Õ?chelle de la station alimentaire : utilisation, d?placements. Th?se INA-PG, vol.111, 1997.

C. Roguet, S. Prache, and M. Petit, Feeding station behaviour of ewes in response to forage availability and sward phenological stage, Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci, vol.56, pp.187-201, 1998.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02685006

J. H. Roese, K. L. Risenhoover, and L. J. Folse, Habitat heterogeneity and foraging efficiency : an individual-based model, Ecol. Modelling, vol.57, pp.133-143, 1991.

G. B. Ruyle and D. Dwyer, Feeding stations of sheep as an indicator of diminished forage supply, J. Anim. Sci, vol.61, pp.349-353, 1985.

T. J. Ryder and L. L. Irwin, Winter habitat relationships of pronghorns in southcentral Wyoming, J. Wildl. Manage, vol.51, pp.79-85, 1987.

H. Saarenmaa, N. D. Stone, L. J. Folse, J. M. Packard, W. E. Grant et al., An artificial intelligence modelling approach to simulating animal/habitat interactions, Ecol. Modelling, vol.44, pp.125-141, 1988.

C. B. Scott, R. E. Banner, and F. D. Provenza, Observations of sheep foraging in familiar and unfamiliar environments : familiarity with the environment influences diet selection, Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci, vol.49, pp.165-171, 1996.

R. L. Senft, M. B. Coughenour, D. W. Bailey, L. R. Rittenhouse, O. E. Sala et al., Large herbivore foraging and ecological hierarchies, BioScience, vol.37, pp.789-799, 1987.

L. A. Shipley and D. E. Spalinger, Influence of size and density of browse patches on intake rates and foraging decisions of young moose and white-tailed deer, Oecologia, vol.104, pp.112-121, 1995.

D. E. Spalinger and N. T. Hobbs, Mechanisms of foraging in mammalian herbivores : new models of functional response, Am. Nat, vol.140, pp.325-348, 1992.

J. E. Staddon, Adaptive behavior and learning, 1983.

J. W. Stuth, Grazing Management an Ecological Perspective, pp.64-83, 1991.

C. R. Thouless, Feeding competition between grazing red deer hinds, Anim. Behav, vol.40, pp.105-111, 1990.

M. G. Turner, Y. Wu, W. H. Romme, and L. L. Wallace, A landscape simulation model of winter foraging by large ungulates, Ecological Modelling, vol.69, pp.163-184, 1993.

R. Underwood, The feeding behaviour of grazing African ungulates, Behaviour, vol.84, pp.195-243, 1983.

S. E. Van-wieren, Do large herbivores select a diet that maximizes short-term energy intake rate ?, Forest Ecol. Manage, vol.88, pp.149-156, 1996.

H. J. Vivas and B. E. Saether, Interactions between a generalist herbivore, the moose alces alces, and its food resources : an experimental study of winter foraging behaviour in relation to browse availability, J. Anim. Ecol, vol.56, pp.509-520, 1987.

L. L. Wallace, M. G. Turner, W. H. Romme, R. V. Oõneill, and Y. Wu, Scale of heterogeneity of forage production and winter foraging by elk and bison, Landscape Ecol, vol.10, pp.75-83, 1995.

M. F. Wallis-de-vries, Resource distribution patterns of ungulate foraging behaviour, Forest Ecol. Manage, vol.88, pp.167-177, 1996.

M. F. Wallis-de-vries and C. Daleboudt, Foraging strategy of cattle in patchy grassland, Oecologia, vol.100, pp.98-106, 1994.

M. F. Wallis-de-vries and P. Schippers, Foraging in a landscape mosaic : selection for energy and minerals in free-ranging cattle, Oecologia, vol.100, pp.107-117, 1994.

D. Ward and D. Saltz, Foraging at different spatial scales : dorcas gazelles foraging for lilies in the Negev desert, Ecology, vol.75, pp.48-58, 1994.

M. Westoby, An analysis of diet selection by large generalist herbivores, Am. Nat, vol.108, pp.290-304, 1974.

M. Westoby, What are the biological bases of varied diets ?, Am. Nat, vol.112, pp.627-631, 1978.

D. Williamson, J. Williamson, and K. T. Ngwamotsoko, Wildebeest migration in the Kalahari, Afr. J. Ecol, vol.26, pp.269-280, 1988.

J. F. Wilmshurst and J. M. Fryxell, Patch selection by red deer in relation to energy and protein intake : a re-evaluation of Langvatn and HanleyÕs (1993) results, Oecologia, vol.104, pp.297-300, 1995.

J. F. Wilmshurst, J. M. Fryxell, and R. J. Hudson, Forage quality and patch choice by wapiti (Cervus elaphus), Behav. Ecol, vol.6, pp.209-217, 1995.