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            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;Productions Animales&lt;/i&gt;, 1990, 3 (4), pp.299-304</idno>
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                <title xml:lang="en">The use of a combined wheat or beet pulp and maize silage diet in dairy cattle</title>
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              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="sdv.sa">Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae-old" n="maïs">maïs</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae-old" n="ration alimentaire">ration alimentaire</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="vocinrae-old" n="vache laitière">vache laitière</classCode>
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              <p>Two complete diets based on maize silage including an iso-energetic contribution (0.33 UFL/kg MS) in the form of either wheat (28 % of the mixture) or dry beet pulp (33 %) were compared. For two periods of six weeks, two groups of 13 cows each, in the declining phase of lactation, were observed. One group received the wheat diet and the other the beet pulp diet. Ingestion levels increased and were comparable for the two diets (3.20 kg MS/100 kg live weight, on average), wheat (5.2 kg MS/ cow/day) and beet pulp (6.0 kg MS), representing, respectively, 27 and 32 % of the total diet. Starch content in the diets were respectively 39.6 and 20.2 % and that of crude cellulose 14.3 and 18.8 % for wheat and beet pulp diets. The total energetic values (17 UFL on average) were in excess of this for both diets (+ 1.6 UFL on average), but mainly for the cereal (+ 2.3 UFL). With both wheat and beet pulp diets, milk production, fat content and protein content were comparable, respectively, 23.6 and 24.0 kg, 943 and 953 g, 730 and 735 g per day. The fat content was not affected by the nature of the complementary feed (40.4 and 40.1 g/kg), but the protein content of the milk significantly increased with the wheat diet (31.3 compared to 31.0 g/kg). Technologically, this represents a better cheese yield and improved the coagulation properties. For both treatments the animals gained about 250 g/day throughout the experimental trial and the diets were correctly estimated (0.86 UFL/kg MS). Despite the fact that the two diets were very different chemically, their effect on production was limited. The slight increase with the wheat diet, was probably due to the greater energy content of the cereal.</p>
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              <p>Deux rations complètes à base d’ensilage de maïs comportant un apport iso-énergétique (0,33 UFL/kg MS) sous forme de blé (28 % du mélange) ou de pulpes sèches de betteraves (33 % du mélange) ont été comparées. Selon un schéma expérimental en inversion comportant 2 périodes de 6 semaines, 2 lots appariés de 13 vaches en phase décroissante de la lactation ont reçu à volonté chacune de ces rations. Les niveaux d’ingestion ont été élevés et comparables pour les 2 régimes (3,20 kg MS p. 100 kg de poids vif en moyenne), le blé et les pulpes représentant respectivement 5,2 et 6,0 kg MS par vache et par jour. Les teneurs en amidon des rations ont été respectivement de 39,6 et 20,2 % et celles en cellulose brute de 14,3 et 18,8 % pour les rations « blé » et « pulpes ». Les apports énergétiques totaux (17 UFL en moyenne) ont été excédentaires (+ 1,6 UFL en moyenne) pour les 2 régimes mais surtout pour celui comportant la céréale (+ 2,3 UFL). Pour les 2 traitements « blé » et « pulpes », les productions de lait, de matières grasses et de protéines ont été comparables et respectivement de 23,6 et 24,0 kg, 943 et 953 g, 730 et 735 g par jour. Le taux butyreux n’a pas été affecté par la nature des aliments complémentaires (40,4 et 40,1 g/kg), mais le taux protéique du lait a été significativement amélioré dans le cas de la ration comportant le blé (31,3 g contre 31,0 g/kg). Au niveau technologique, ceci s’est traduit par un meilleur rendement fromager et une tendance à une amélioration des paramètres de la coagulation. Tous traitements confondus, les animaux ont gagné environ 250 g/j sur l’ensemble de l’essai et les rations ont été correctement valorisées (0,86 UFL/kg MS). Malgré leurs caractéristiques de composition chimique très différentes, ces 2 types de rations n’ont que peu influencé les performances zootechniques. La légère influence positive de l’utilisation du blé par rapport aux pulpes est probablement à attribuer aux apports énergétiques supérieurs avec la céréale.</p>
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