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              <p>La diversification des cultures est un levier majeur de gestion agroécologique des bioagresseurs. Ce papier illustre avec l'exemple de FLORSYS le rôle des modèles mécanistes de dynamique des adventices pour synthétiser les connaissances, les appliquer à la conception de systèmes de culture, et les transférer vers les acteurs. Des cas d'étude illustrent comment ce modèle sert à évaluer et promouvoir les bénéfices de la diversification des cultures en (1) identifiant les caractéristiques de cultures qui seraient idéales ("idéotypes") pour la gestion agroécologique des adventices, (2) traquant des stratégies de gestion basées sur la diversification des cultures dans des réseaux de parcelles agricoles, (3) évaluant ces stratégies proposées par des experts et acteurs pour des cas concrets, et (4) alimentant les réflexions lors d’ateliers de co-conception avec les agriculteurs. Ces exemples illustrent que les bénéfices de la diversification des cultures dépendent des situations de production et des systèmes de culture. Les règles encadrant la diversification des cultures doivent donc être flexibles et des modèles comme FLORSYS sont indispensables pour établir ces règles. MODELLING CROP-WEED CANOPIES AS A TOOL TO INVESTIGATE THE ROLE OF CROP DIVERSIFICATION IN AGROECOLOGICAL CROPPING SYSTEMS Crop diversification is a key lever for integrated crop protection. This paper illustrates with the example of the "virtual field" FLORSYS how mechanistic weed-dynamics models can be used to synthesize knowledge of crop diversification, to apply this knowledge to cropping-system design and to transfer it to stakeholders. Case studies illustrate how this model can be used to evaluate and promote the benefits of crop diversification by (1) identifying the crop features ("ideotypes") needed for agroecological weed management, (2) tracking crop-diverse strategies in farm-field networks, (3) identifying such strategies designed by experts and stakeholders, and (4) hosting participatory workshops with farmers. These examples demonstrate that the benefits of crop diversification depend on the production situation and the cropping systems. The rules for guiding crop diversification must therefore be flexible, and models such as FLORSYS are essential to establish these guidelines.</p>
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          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02dn7x778</idno>
          <orgName>Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UBFC</orgName>
          <date type="start">2015-04-01</date>
          <date type="end">2024-12-31</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>32, avenue de l’observatoire25000 BESANCON</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.ubfc.fr</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
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