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Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2015

Participative design and assessment of innovative low input grapevine cropping systems

Résumé

Since 2012, with the support of the PURE Project, three innovative experimental platforms were built inFrance to test low-input grapevine cropping systems (located in Angers, Bordeaux, and Montpellier).The objectives were to reach a high reduction of pesticide use (over 50%) and to promote the alternative IPMand biocontrol methods without any decrease in yield and quality. Innovative cropping systems are needed inviticulture to achieve these goals. After a first step of prototyping of these new cropping systems, experimentationswere carried out to assess the performances of the prototypes.We make the hypothesis that innovation for pest and disease management in perennial crops comes fromcombination of practices and their interactions. Expert groups designed the prototypes. They built the set ofobjectives and constraints (SOC) to be satisfied by the prototypes. These grapevine cropping system prototypeswere then assessed on the three platforms developed during the PURE project.A DEXiPM Grapevine model was adapted in PURE project for the overall assessment of the sustainability of the tested farming systems.The testing of cropping systems was radically different from classical factorial trials that test the effect ofa modality in agronomy. To evaluate the system performance, experimental plots must be independent agroecosystemsand be fairly large (over 2,000 m²). The homogeneity of the physical environment, soil and climateis important. With repetitions, these tests mobilize significant investments over several years in the caseof perennial crops.Cropping system trials experiment a set of decision rules designed for the management of crop practices. Ifthe objectives of the SOC are not achieved, prototypes can be re-adjusted before validation and dissemination.Three main ways of pesticide reduction are explored: (i) IPM, (ii) alternative products and biocontrol, (iii)zero-pesticide cropping systems based on new grapevine mildew resistant varieties. Seven prototypes aretested in INRA experimental farms in Angers (Loire Valley, center of France), Bordeaux (atlantic region), andMontpellier (Mediterranean region).The first results in 2012 showed that 50% of the treatment frequency index (TFI) was obtained in over 40% ofthe tested prototypes.This reduction in pesticide use results primarily from improved control strategies and control of the applicationof plant protection.The first DEXiPM Grapevine assessments show the high environmental performance of innovative biocontrolstrategies. However, the IMP strategies have the best overall sustainability for the moment with better economicand social assessment.Pesticide efficiency and substitution allow the first steps of progress in the systemic approach carried out. There-design of the grapevine system will be necessary in order to reduce pesticide use despite the high sensivityof grapevine to pests and diseases.
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Dates et versions

hal-02739271 , version 1 (02-06-2020)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-02739271 , version 1
  • PRODINRA : 355247

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Raphaël Metral, Christian C. Gary, Laurent Deliere, David Lafond, Jacques Wéry. Participative design and assessment of innovative low input grapevine cropping systems. IPM Innovation in Europe, Jan 2015, Pozland, Poland. 174 p. ⟨hal-02739271⟩
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