Host plant resistance is an essential mean of controlling virus epidemies in crops. Resistance to viruses in plant belongs to three major families, either recessive or dominant resistance genes, as weil as the antiviral defense system based on RNA silencing. Most NBS-LRR antiviral resistances are triggered by the recognition of the NBS-LRR protein and a virus protein, playing the raie of avirulence factor. The Vat resistance gene in melon is unique among the dominant resistance to virus genes. It is a CC-NBS-LRR gene, it is triggered by the recognition between an aphid avirulence factor, delivered in plant cells by Aphis gossypii puncturing, and the CC-NBS-LRR pratein produced by Vat plants. This resistance is efficient against unrelated viruses transmitted on the non persistent mode (Boualem et al., 2016). We investigated if the resistance to virus triggered by A. gossypii in Vat plants is systemic.