Aphis gossypii is the only species of aphid colonizing melon, causing stunting and leaf curling and transmitting non-persistent viruses. We demonstrated previously by a map-based cloning strategy that a single CC-NBS-LRR gene, named Vat, confers the double resistance to A. gossypii colonization and to unrelated viruses when transmitted by this vector. We confirm here by complementation experiments, the double function mediated by the Vat gene. Two transgenes carrying the Vat gene under the transcriptional control of its own promoter or under the control of the CaMV-35S promoter respectively were inserted via Agrobacterium tumefaciens into the susceptible melon cultivar 'Védrantais'. Transgenic T2 plants were evaluated for their resistance to A. gossypii colonization and to Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) transmission by this vector, in comparison with susceptible and resistant melon cultivars. Transgenic plants carrying both transgenes exhibited the Vat phenotype, restricting aphid colonization and CMV infection. The Vat gene under the control of its own promoter induced a high level of resistance, similar to the referent resistant cultivar 'Margot', whereas the gene under control of the CaMV-35S promoter induced a slightly weaker level of resistance.