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              <p>This paper presents an analysis of the consequences of the implementation, in France, of the Health Check of the CAP. The simulations, conducted with the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN), demonstrate a shift of direct payments in favor to farms of extensive grazing, mainly those with a high proportion of grassland in their rotation. The crop farms and farms with intensive production of cattle are, on the contrary, losers. The redistribution of direct aid permitted through the modulation and Articles 63 and 68 of EC Regulation is favourable to disadvantaged areas, particularly to mountains areas. This evolution of the CAP goes on the direction of a standardization of the amount of decoupled aid per hectare. In addition, it promotes a more focused allocation of resources on the protection of natural resources and compensation for environmental services and territorial.</p>
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              <p>Cette communication présente une analyse des conséquences des décisions du ministre de l’agriculture relatives à l’application en France des mesures issues du bilan de santé de la PAC. Les simulations, conduites à partir des données individuelles du Réseau d’Information Comptable Agricole (RICA), démontrent que les mesures arrêtées permettent une réorientation des aides directes favorable aux exploitations extensives d’herbivores, principalement celles ayant une part élevée de prairies dans leur assolement. Les exploitations de grandes cultures et les exploitations ayant une production intensive de bovins sortent, en revanche, perdantes. La redistribution des aides directes permise grâce aux prélèvements budgétaires liés à la modulation et aux articles 63 et 68 du règlement communautaire se fait au profit des zones défavorisées, singulièrement celles de montagne. Cette évolution de la PAC va dans le sens d’une uniformisation accrue des montants d’aides directes découplées rapportés à l’hectare. En outre, elle favorise une allocation plus ciblée des fonds sur la protection des ressources naturelles et la rémunération de services environnementaux et territoriaux.</p>
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