More than 35 species of palms are actually infested by Rhynchophorus ferrugineus & Paysandisia Archon, according to the observations of our network of French & Italian Botanical Collections of ca 100 ornamental palm species. Predictive diffusion of these pests may also concern in the future the 2500 species of wild populations of palms in Asia, South America and Africa. The adaptation of these pests to new environments and climatic conditions, and the difficulties to detect early symptoms of infestation, were determining a failure of all eradication and suppression conventional control programs like Integrated Pest Management, based mainly upon the use of chemical or agronomic approaches. Our French & Italian Network is associated with the researches about biological control by Inra (France) & Enea (Italy).