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U. Graefe, D. Elsner, and U. Necker, Monitoring auf Boden-Dauerbeobachtungsfächen: Bodenzoologische Parameter zur Kennzeichnung des biologischen, Bodenzustandes. Mitt. Dtsch. Bodenk. Ges, vol.87, pp.343-346, 1998.

U. Graefe, J. Gehrmann, and I. Stempelmann, Bodenzoologisches Monitoring auf EU-Level II-Dauerbeobachtungsflächen in, vol.96, pp.331-332, 2001.

U. Graefe, D. Elsner, J. Gehrmann, and I. Stempelmann, Schwellenwerte der Bodenversauerung für die, Bodenbiozönose. Mitt. Dtsch. Bodenk. Ges, vol.98, pp.39-40, 2002.

B. Healy, Distribution of terrestrial Enchytraeidae in Ireland, Pedobiologia, vol.20, pp.159-175, 1980.

S. Jänsch and J. Römbke, Ökologische Charakteriserung ausgewählter Enchytraeenarten hinsichtlich relevanter Standorteigenschaften (speziell Bodenparameter): UWSF -Zeit, vol.15, pp.95-105, 2003.

S. Jänsch, J. Römbke, and W. Didden, The use of enchytraeids in ecological soil classification and assessment concepts, Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf, vol.62, pp.266-277, 2005.

M. Rutgers, Soil ecosystem profiles -sustainable land-use with references for a healthy soil, Report, vol.607604007, 2005.

J. Römbke, Estimates of the Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta, Annelida) contribution to energy flow in the soil system of an acid beech wood forest, Biology and fertility of Soils, vol.11, pp.255-260, 1991.

J. Römbke, J. Notenboom, and L. Posthuma, The effects of zinc on enchytraeids. The Budel case study, Natura Jutlandica Occasional Papers, issue.2, pp.54-67, 2002.

. Tel, +49 40 593308 Fax: +49 40 59360409 Email: ulfert.graefe@ifab-hamburg.de Jörg Römbke ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH Böttgerstr, pp.2-14

D. Tel, +49 6145 956450 Fax: +49 6145 956499 Email: J-Roembke@ect.de ENVASSO Project Volume I: Indicators and Criteria Report Annex I: Indicator fact sheets

G. K. Frampton and P. J. Van-den-brink, Influence of cropping on the species composition of epigeic Collembola in arable fields, Pedobiologia, vol.46, pp.328-337, 2002.

C. Heisler and E. Kaisser, Influence of agricultural traffic and crop management on colembola and microbial biomass in arable soil, Biol. Fertil. Soils, vol.19, pp.159-165, 1995.

S. P. Hopkin, Biology of the Springtails (Insecta: Collembola), p.330, 1997.

V. Huhta, Soil marcoarthropod communities in planted birch stands in comparison with natural forests in Central Finland, Appl. Soil Ecol, vol.20, pp.199-209, 2002.

, Soil quality -Sampling of soil invertebrates Part 2: Sampling and extraction of microarthropods (Collembola and Acarina). ISO 23611-2, 2004.

N. Lindberg and T. Persson, Effects of long-term nutrient fertilisation and irrigation on the microarthropod community in a boreal Norway spruce stand, For. Ecol. Manag, vol.188, pp.125-135, 2004.

F. Lauga-reyrel and M. Deconchat, Diversity within the Collembola community in fragmented coppice forests in south-western France, Eur. J. Soil Biol, vol.35, pp.177-187, 1999.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01607628

G. Loranger, J. Ponge, É. Blanchart, and P. Lavelle, Influence of agricultural practices on arthropod communities in a vertisol (Martinique), Eur. J. Soil Biol, vol.34, pp.157-165, 1999.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00505462

H. Petersen, A review of collembolan ecology in ecosystem context, Acta Zoologica Fennica, vol.195, pp.111-118, 1994.

H. Petersen, General aspects of collembolan ecology at the turn of the millennium, Pedobiologia, vol.46, pp.246-260, 2002.

J. F. Ponge, P. Arpin, and G. Vannier, Collembolan response to experimental perturbations of litter supply in a temperate forest ecosystem, Eur. J. Soil Biol, vol.29, pp.141-153, 1993.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00506014

J. Ponge, S. Gillet, F. Dubs, E. Fedoroff, . Haese et al., Collembolan communities as indicators of land use intensification, Soil Biol. Biochem, vol.35, pp.813-826, 2003.

J. P. Sousa, T. Bolger, M. M. Gama, T. Lukkari, J. Ponge et al., Changes in Collembola richness and diversity along a gradient of land-use intensity: a pan European study, Pedobiologia, vol.50, pp.147-156, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00496483

J. P. Sousa, M. M. Gama, . Da, C. Ferreira, and H. Barrocas, Effect of eucalyptus plantations on Collembola communities in Portugal: a review, Belgian Journal of Entomology, vol.2, pp.187-201, 2000.

J. P. Sousa, J. V. Vingada, H. Barrocas, M. M. Gama, and . Da, Effects of introduced exotic tree species on Collembola communities: the importance of management techniques, Pedobiologia, vol.41, pp.145-153, 1997.

N. M. Van-straalen, Community structure of soil arthropods as a bioindicator of soil health, CAB International, pp.235-264, 1997.

N. M. Van-straalen, The use of soil invertebrates in ecological surveys of contaminated soils, Vital Soil -Function Values and Properties. Doelman, P. and Eijsackers, vol.29, pp.159-195, 2004.

. Tel, +351 239855774 Fax: +351 239855789 Email: jps@zoo.uc.pt ENVASSO Project Volume I: Indicators and Criteria Report Annex I: Indicator fact sheets

M. E. Boivin, G. D. Greve, S. A. Kools, A. W. Van-der-wurff, P. Leeflang et al., Discriminating between effects of metals and natural variables in terrestrial bacterial communities, Applied Soil Ecology, 2006.

A. Winding, K. Hund-rinke, and M. Rutgers, The use of microorganisms in ecological soil classification and assessment concepts, Ecotox. Env. Safety, vol.62, pp.230-248, 2005.

K. Darab and K. Ferencz, Soil Mapping and Control of Irrigated Areas, 1969.

V. A. Kovda, . Van-den, C. Berg, and . Hagan, International Source-book on Irrigation and Drainage of Arid Lands in Relation to Salinity and Alkalinity, 1967.

, Modelling of Soil Salinization and Alkalization, Agrokémia és Talajtan. 28. Suppl. Proceedings of the Symposium on Sodic Soils, 1964.

, Salinity as a Factor for Agricultural Productivity in the Mediterranean Basin. INRC-ONR-CIHEAM publication, Proceedings Trans-National Meeting, 1997.

L. A. Richards, Diagnosis and improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils. US Dept. Agric. Handbook No. 60, 1954.

I. Szabolcs, European Solonetz Soils and Their Reclamation. Akadémiai Kiadó, 1971.

I. ;. Szabolcs and . Rissac--budapest, Salt-Affected Soils in Europe. Martinus Nijhoff -the Hague and, 1974.

I. Szabolcs, Review of Research on Salt-Affected Soils. Natural Resources Research XV, 1979.

I. Szabolcs, Salt Affected Soils, 1989.

K. T. Tanji, Agricultural Salinity Assessment and Management, ASCE Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice, issue.71, 1995.

H. Tel, 36-1) 356-4682 Fax: (36-1) 356-4682 Email: g.varallyay@rissac.hu ENVASSO Project Volume I: Indicators and Criteria Report Annex I: Indicator fact sheets

, More work is needed in salt-affected areas and areas at risk of salinisation (see SL03 indicator) to extend ESP and pH profiles in space (3D maps) and time (pH and ESP dynamism)

2. Mg, K. +. Na, and +. , :25,000 scale maps and the registration of annual changes. Sampling should be carried out preferably in the same season of the year to enable the distinction between spatial and temporal variability. In addition to the total salt content, the analysis of the saturation extract is advisable (especially in the case of high total salt content), determining exchangeable cations Ca 2+, vol.1, pp.0-1

K. Darab and K. Ferencz, Soil Mapping and Control of Irrigated Areas, 1969.

V. A. Kovda, . Van-den, C. Berg, and . Hagan, International Source-book on Irrigation and Drainage of Arid Lands in Relation to Salinity and Alkalinity, 1967.

, Modelling of Soil Salinization and Alkalization, Agrokémia és Talajtan. 28. Suppl. Proceedings of the Symposium on Sodic Soils, 1964.

, Salinity as a Factor for Agricultural Productivity in the Mediterranean Basin. INRC-ONR-CIHEAM publication, Proceedings Trans-National Meeting, 1997.

L. A. Richards, Diagnosis and improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils. US Dept. Agric. Handbook No. 60, 1954.

I. Szabolcs, European Solonetz Soils and Their Reclamation. Akadémiai Kiadó, 1971.

I. ;. Szabolcs and . Rissac--budapest, Salt-Affected Soils in Europe. Martinus Nijhoff -the Hague and, 1974.

I. Szabolcs, Review of Research on Salt-Affected Soils. Natural Resources Research XV, 1979.

I. Szabolcs, Salt Affected Soils, 1989.

K. T. Tanji, Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur. than 4 SAR. The salt quantity threshold for irrigation water greatly depends on the chemical composition of salts (cation and anion composition, SAR, soda equivalent) and pH; the salt tolerance of vegetation and cultivated crop; and the method and practice of irrigation (less quantity of applied water than the leaching requirement or leaching fraction, e.g. watersaving irrigation practices such as drip irrigation). The baselines can be taken as thresholds, ASCE Manuals and Reports on Engineering, issue.71, 1995.

, The criteria are formulated precisely in the Hungarian irrigation water quality norm, which is a national standard set up by Ministerial Decree. In the Hungarian irrigation water quality norm five factors are taken into consideration (Source: Darab and Ferencz, 1969): ? dominant cations and anions (chemistry classes) ? total salt content ? sodium percentage (SAR) ? alkalinity against phenolphtalein ? soda

V. A. Kovda, . Van-den, C. Berg, and . Hagan, International Source-book on Irrigation and Drainage of Arid Lands in Relation to Salinity and Alkalinity, 1967.

, Modelling of Soil Salinization and Alkalization, Agrokémia és Talajtan. 28. Suppl. Proceedings of the Symposium on Sodic Soils, 1964.

, Salinity as a Factor for Agricultural Productivity in the Mediterranean Basin. INRC-ONR-CIHEAM publication, Proceedings Trans-National Meeting, 1997.

L. A. Richards, Diagnosis and improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils. US Dept. Agric. Handbook No. 60, 1954.

I. Szabolcs, European Solonetz Soils and Their Reclamation. Akadémiai Kiadó, 1971.

I. ;. Szabolcs and . Rissac--budapest, Salt-Affected Soils in Europe. Martinus Nijhoff -the Hague and, 1974.

I. Szabolcs, Review of Research on Salt-Affected Soils. Natural Resources Research XV, 1979.

I. Szabolcs, Salt Affected Soils, 1989.

K. T. Tanji, Agricultural Salinity Assessment and Management, ASCE Manuals and Reports on Engineering, issue.71, 1995.

. Kosmas, fragile (F) and critical (C) areas. For example in Lesvos, the C3 mapping unit comprises land with very steep slopes (>35%), a semi arid climate (annual average rainfall (AAR) 300-650 mm) and plant cover from 25-50%. The F2 mapping unit comprises variably sloping land (gentle to steep slopes), dry sub-humid climate (AAR>650 mm) and a very dry bioclimatic index, and plant cover usually > 75%, Greece and Italy using a MEDALUS approach. This defines potential (P), pp.30-31, 1999.

, i) Data sources: several sources provide relevant data Europe-wide (see above)

, ii) Geographical coverage: EU-27, former EFTA countries, EU Accession and Candidate Countries, Neighbouring States in the Mediterranean Basin

, Spatial resolution: regional to national scale. iv) Temporal coverage: soil data that comprise the European Soil Database were collected mainly in the period 1950-1980; Climatic data are available for international standard periods, for example 1961-90, 1971.

, Methodology and frequency of data collection: modelling (see methodology section), repeated at five year intervals using updated climatic and land cover data

, Methodology of indicator calculation: MEDALUS type calculation combining indices for climate, soil, vegetation and human influences. vii) Availability of baselines and thresholds: baselines exist for aridity, soil properties such as available water capacity and vegetative cover

, Quality information i) Strength and weakness: detailed data on water retention properties of soils in the most affected areas are lacking; climatic data are only available at relatively coarse resolution and temporal coverages differ. ii) Data comparability: Comparability over time: current data sets originate from various sources and for different periods

, ENVASSO Project Volume I: Indicators and Criteria Report Annex I: Indicator fact sheets

M. J. Baeza, M. De-luis, J. Raventós, and A. Escarré, Factors influencing FIRE behaviour in shrublands of different stand ages and the implications for using prescribed burning to reduce wildfire risk, Journal of Envuironmental Management, vol.65, pp.199-208, 2002.

G. Bianco and G. Loj, The programme to combat the desertification of the Sardinia Region in the national context: the contribution of ERSAT and SAR, Siccità: Monitoraggio, 2000.

C. Boix-fayos, M. Martinez-mena, A. Calvo-cases, V. Castillo, and J. Albaladejo, Concise review of interrill erosion studies in SE Spain (Alicante and Murcia): Erosion rates and progress of Knowledge from the 1980s, Land Degradation & Development, vol.16, pp.517-528, 2005.

C. J. Brandt and J. B. Thornes, Mediterranean Desertification and Land Use, 1996.

M. De-luis, J. C. González-hildalgo, and J. Raventós, Effects of fire and torrenctial rainfall on erosion in a Mediterranean gorse community. Land degradation & development, vol.14, pp.203-213, 2003.

D. R. Easterling, C. P. Thomas, and R. K. Thomas, On the development and use of homogenized climate data sets, Journal of Climate, vol.9, pp.1429-1434, 1996.

, from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: Towards a Thematic Strategy for Soil Protection, European Commission, vol.179, p.11, 2002.

, Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the regions: Towards a Thematic Strategy for Soil Protection, European Commission, p.231, 2006.

, Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework for the soil protection of soil and amending Directive, European Commission, p.232, 2006.

A. Gobin, J. Daroussin, and R. J. Jones, Input Data. PESERA, European Commission funded fifth framework project -contract QLK5-CT-1999-01323, p.34, 2003.

R. J. Jones, R. Hiederer, E. Rusco, and L. Montanarella, Estimating organic carbon in the soils of Europe for policy support, European Journal of Soil Science, vol.56, pp.655-671, 2005.

, JRC, 2006.

M. J. Kirkby, A. J. Baird, S. M. Diamond, J. G. Lockwood, M. L. Mcmahon et al., The MEDALUS slope catena model: a physically based process model for hydrology, ecoloy and land degradation interactions, pp.303-354, 1996.

C. Kosmas, . Gerontidis, . St, V. Detsis, T. Zafiriou et al., The MEDALUS Project: Mediterranean desertification and land use. Manual of Key indicators and mapping environmentally sensitive areas to desertification. EUR 18882 EN, pp.66-73, 1999.

C. Kosmas, M. Kirkby, and N. Geeson, The MEDALUS Project: Mediterranean desertification and land use. Manual of Key indicators and mapping environmentally sensitive areas to desertification. EUR 18882 EN, 88pp, 1999.

J. Martínez-fernández and M. Esteve, A critical view of the desertification debate in southeastern Spain. Land degradation & development, vol.16, pp.529-539, 2005.

L. Montanarella, R. Paracchini, and E. Rusco, Programma d'azione per la lotta alla siccità e alla desertificazione: Indicazione delle aree vulnerabili in Puglia [Action plan to combat drought and desertifcation: Indentification of vulnerable areas in Puglia, Technical Report Joint Research Centre, p.34, 2001.

T. D. Mitchell, T. R. Carter, P. D. Jones, M. Hulme, and M. New, A comprehensive set of highresolution grids of monthly climate for Europe and the globe: the observed record (1901-2000) and 16 scenarios (2001-2100), Journal of Climate, 2003.

M. New, D. Lister, M. Hulme, and I. Makin, A high-resolution data set of surface climate over global land areas, Climate Research, vol.21, 2002.

J. M. Ragg, R. J. Jones, and M. E. Proctor, The refinement and representation of spatial data in an information system using statistical and DBMS procedures, and trend surface analysis, Geologisches Jahrbuch, vol.104, pp.295-308, 1988.

J. L. Rubio and L. Recatalá, The relevance and consequences of Mediterranean desertification including security aspects, Desertification in the Mediterranean Region: a Security Issue, pp.133-165, 2006.

S. Sommer, S. Loddo, R. Puddu, G. Enne, M. Angelo et al., Indicators of Soil Consumption by urbanisation and industrial activities, Indicators for assessing desertification in the Mediterranean, pp.116-125, 1998.

. Unccd, , 1994.

P. Vossen and J. Meyer-roux, Crop monitoring and yield forecasting activities of the MARS Project, EUR 16232 EN, pp.11-29, 1995.

R. Jones-;-bedfordshire, M. 0al, U. K. England, and . Tel, +44 1234 750111 Fax: +44 1234 752970 Email: r.jones@cranfield.ac.uk ENVASSO Project Volume I: Indicators and Criteria Report Annex I: Indicator fact sheets to be at a 1 km resolution, but climatic data are not generally available, nor may they exist, at such a detailed scale for Europe. Average values of climatic parameters are also needed, preferably for a recent international standard period of 30 years, for example, 1961.

M. Vossen and . Gobin, have been interpolated onto a 1 km by 1 km raster for the PESERA Project, using an inverse spline function for rainfall, and for temperature an average adiabatic lapse rate -6°C per 1000 m rise in altitude -together with a 1 km digital elevation model, Consequently, the MARS agroclimatic data, calculated for 50 km by 50 km grid squares across Europe, 1995.

, Land use/land cover data: The most obvious evidence of desertification is a lack of vegetation cover, thus CORINE Land Cover (CLC) at 250 m resolution provides a vital historic data set on land use that can be used to help delineate desertified areas. However, CLC data do not cover the whole of Europe and Global Land Cover data are needed to fill in the gaps (Hiederer, pers comm, Satellite imagery of areas burnt by wild fires is analysed annually by the Natural Hazards Unit of JRC, 2006.

, Geographical coverage of data sets: Europe

, were produced by the JRC's Forest Fires in Europe -2005 campaign (JRC 2006b). The results of the previous forest fire campaigns in 2001, JRC, 2002.

, i) Data sources: several sources provide relevant data Europe-wide (see above)

, former EFTA countries, EU Accession and Candidate Countries, Neighbouring States in the Mediterranean Basin. iii) Spatial resolution: regional to national scale. iv) Temporal coverage: soil data that comprise the European Soil Database were collected mainly in the period 1950-1980; Climatic data are available for international standard periods, for example 1961-90, CLC data are available for, 1971.

, Methodology and frequency of data collection: modelling (see methodology section), repeated at five year intervals using updated climatic and land cover data

, Methodology of indicator calculation: MEDALUS type calculation combining indices for climate, soil, vegetation and human influences. vii) Availability of baselines and thresholds: baselines are difficult to establish but thresholds based on the proportion of burnt land in a particular area are proposed

, indicator (DE02) are: i) More detailed remotely sensed imagery in the semi-arid and arid areas of Europe

, ii) Analyses of vegetation cover and condition using improved techniques on high resolution remotely sensed images

, Climatic data at better resolutions than currently exist would allow better risk area identification; more climatic stations are required, particularly for rainfall and evaporation

, iv) Many more harmonised spatial data on human activities -land management (particularly recreational activities) and land use change -are needed

M. J. Baeza, M. De-luis, J. Raventós, and A. Escarré, Factors influencing FIRE behaviour in shrublands of different stand ages and the implications for using prescribed burning to reduce wildfire risk, Journal of Envuironmental Management, vol.65, pp.199-208, 2002.

G. Bianco and G. Loj, The programme to combat the desertification of the Sardinia Region in the national context: the contribution of ERSAT and SAR, Siccità: Monitoraggio, 2000.

C. Boix-fayos, M. Martinez-mena, A. Calvo-cases, V. Castillo, and J. Albaladejo, Concise review of interrill erosion studies in SE Spain (Alicante and Murcia): Erosion rates and progress of Knowledge from the 1980s, Land Degradation & Development, vol.16, pp.517-528, 2005.

C. J. Brandt and J. B. Thornes, Mediterranean Desertification and Land Use, 1996.

M. De-luis, J. C. González-hildalgo, and J. Raventós, Effects of fire and torrenctial rainfall on erosion in a Mediterranean gorse community. Land degradation & development, vol.14, pp.203-213, 2003.

D. R. Easterling, C. P. Thomas, and R. K. Thomas, On the development and use of homogenized climate data sets, Journal of Climate, vol.9, pp.1429-1434, 1996.

, from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: Towards a Thematic Strategy for Soil Protection, European Commission, 2002.

, Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the regions: Towards a Thematic Strategy for Soil Protection, European Commission, p.231, 2006.

A. Gobin, J. Daroussin, and R. J. Jones, Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework for the soil protection of soil and amending Directive, European Commission, p.34, 2003.

R. J. Jones, R. Hiederer, E. Rusco, and L. Montanarella, Estimating organic carbon in the soils of Europe for policy support, European Journal of Soil Science, vol.56, pp.655-671, 2005.

, Forest Fires in Europe -2001 fire campaign, JRC, p.27, 2002.

, Forest Fires in Europe -2002 fire campaign, JRC, p.35, 2003.

, Forest Fires in Europe -2003 fire campaign, JRC, p.51, 2004.

, JRC, 2006.

, Forest Fires in Europe, JRC, issue.6, 2005.

M. J. Kirkby, A. J. Baird, S. M. Diamond, J. G. Lockwood, M. L. Mcmahon et al., The MEDALUS slope catena model: a physically based process model for hydrology, ecoloy and land degradation interactions, pp.303-354, 1996.

C. Kosmas, . Gerontidis, . St, V. Detsis, T. Zafiriou et al., The MEDALUS Project: Mediterranean desertification and land use. Manual of Key indicators and mapping environmentally sensitive areas to desertification. EUR 18882 EN, pp.66-73, 1999.

C. Kosmas, M. Kirkby, and N. Geeson, The MEDALUS Project: Mediterranean desertification and land use. Manual of Key indicators and mapping environmentally sensitive areas to desertification. EUR 18882 EN, 88pp, 1999.

J. Martínez-fernández and M. Esteve, A critical view of the desertification debate in southeastern Spain. Land degradation & development, vol.16, pp.529-539, 2005.

L. Montanarella, R. Paracchini, and E. Rusco, Programma d'azione per la lotta alla siccità e alla desertificazione: Indicazione delle aree vulnerabili in Puglia [Action plan to combat drought and desertifcation: Indentification of vulnerable areas in Puglia, Technical Report Joint Research Centre, p.34, 2001.

T. D. Mitchell, T. R. Carter, P. D. Jones, M. Hulme, and M. New, A comprehensive set of highresolution grids of monthly climate for Europe and the globe: the observed record (1901-2000) and 16 scenarios (2001-2100), Journal of Climate, 2003.

M. New, D. Lister, M. Hulme, and I. Makin, A high-resolution data set of surface climate over global land areas, Climate Research, vol.21, 2002.

J. M. Ragg, R. J. Jones, and M. E. Proctor, The refinement and representation of spatial data in an information system using statistical and DBMS procedures, and trend surface analysis, Geologisches Jahrbuch, vol.104, pp.295-308, 1988.

J. L. Rubio and L. Recatalá, The relevance and consequences of Mediterranean desertification including security aspects, Desertification in the Mediterranean Region: a Security Issue, pp.133-165, 2006.

S. Sommer, S. Loddo, R. Puddu, G. Enne, M. Angelo et al., Indicators of Soil Consumption by urbanisation and industrial activities, Indicators for assessing desertification in the Mediterranean, pp.116-125, 1998.

. Unccd, , 1994.

P. Vossen and J. Meyer-roux, Crop monitoring and yield forecasting activities of the MARS Project, EUR 16232 EN, pp.11-29, 1995.

R. A. Shakesby and S. H. Doerr, Wildfire as a hydrological and geomorphological agent, Earth-Science Reviews, vol.74, pp.269-307, 2006.

A. L. Westerling, H. G. Hidalgo, D. R. Cayan, and T. W. Swetnam, Warming and earlier spring increase western US forest wildfire activity, Science, vol.313, pp.940-943, 2006.

). Valencia, ;. Spain-tel, X. Morvan, N. P. Saby, C. Le-bas et al., Email: jose.l.rubio@uv.es R J A Jones National Soil Resources Institute (NSRI) Natural Resources Department School of Applied Sciences Cranfield University Cranfield Bedfordshire MK43 0AL EnglandUK Tel, +44 1234 750111 Fax: +44 1234 752970 Email: r.jones@cranfield.ac.uk References for citing the other ENVASSO volumes are listed below. They can be downloaded from the JRC website, p.188, 2008.

D. Envasso-volume-iib-arrouays, X. Morvan, N. P. Saby, A. R. Jones, and C. Le-bas, Environmental Assessment of Soil for Monitoring: Volume IIb Survey of National Networks. EUR 23490 EN/2B, Office for the Official Publications of the European Communities, p.254, 2008.

I. Envasso-volume, R. Baritz, E. Eberhardt, M. H. Van-liedekerke, and P. Panagos, Environmental Assessment of Soil for Monitoring, p.125, 2008.

E. Envasso-volume-iva-micheli, S. Bialousz, A. Bispo, J. Boixadera, A. R. Jones et al., Environmental Assessment of Soil for Monitoring: Volume IVa Prototype Evaluation EUR 23490 EN/4A, Office for the Official Publications of the European Communities, p.96, 2008.

. Envasso-volume-ivb, M. Stephens, E. Micheli, A. R. Jones, and R. Jones, Environmental Assessment of Soil for Monitoring Volume IVb: Prototype Evaluation -Pilot Studies, p.497, 2008.

V. Envasso-volume, R. J. Jones, F. G. Verheijen, H. I. Reuter, and . Jones, Environmental Assessment of Soil for Monitoring Volume V: Procedures & Protocols. EUR 23490 EN/5, Office for the Official Publications of the European Communities Luxembourg, 2008.

V. I. Envasso-volume,

M. G. Kibblewhite, R. J. Jones, L. Montanarella, R. Baritz, S. Huber et al.,

, Environmental Assessment of Soil for Monitoring Volume VI: Soil Monitoring System for Europe. EUR 23490 EN/6, Office for the Official Publications of the European Communities Luxembourg