, Samples were defrosted in water at ambient temperature, twelve roots were randomly chosen and sliced into 1 cm fragments. Root fragments were colored following Vierheilig et al. [5] method and observed under microscope to determine parameters of mycorrhizal colonization (adapted from Trouvelot et al. [6] ): frequency of mycorrhiza ( Mycor_freq ) and arbuscules ( Arb_freq ) in the root system, intensity of the mycorrhizal colonization ( Mycor_inten ) and mean number of arbuscules ( Arb_nb ) in the root system, intensity of the mycorrhizal colonization ( Mycor_inten_frag ) and arbuscular structures ( Arb_inten_frag ) in the root fragments, With following calculation: Mycor_freq (%) = (number of fragments with mycorrhiza, p.100

, Arb_freq (%) = (number of fragments with arbuscule/total number of fragment) * 100

, Mycor_inten (%) = (95 * n5 + 70 * n4 + 30 * n3 + 5 * n2 + n1)/(number total of fragment) where n5 = number of fragments rated 5; n4 = number of fragments 4 etc

, Arb_nb = total number of arbuscule/total number of fragment Mycor_inten_frag (%) = Mycor_inten * (number total of fragments)/(number with mycorrhiza

, Arb_inten_frag = total number of arbuscule/number of fragment with arbuscule

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