N. Ahmed, S. Maines-bandiera, M. A. Quinn, W. G. Unger, S. Dedhar et al., Molecular pathways regulating EGF-induced epitheliomesenchymal transition in human ovarian surface epithelium, Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol, vol.290, pp.1532-1542, 2006.

S. Ahmed, C. C. Liu, and A. Nawshad, Mechanisms of palatal epithelial seam disintegration by transforming growth factor (TGF) beta3, Dev. Biol, vol.309, pp.193-207, 2007.

S. Ansieau, J. Bastid, A. Doreau, A. P. Morel, B. P. Bouchet et al., Induction of EMT by twist proteins as a collateral effect of tumor-promoting inactivation of premature senescence, Cancer Cell, vol.14, pp.79-89, 2008.

S. J. Arnold, U. K. Hofmann, E. K. Bikoff, and E. J. Robertson, Pivotal roles for eomesodermin during axis formation, epithelium-to-mesenchyme transition and endoderm specification in the mouse, Development, vol.135, pp.501-511, 2008.

V. Arnoux, M. Nassour, A. L'helgoualc'h, R. A. Hipskind, and P. Savagner, Erk5 controls slug expression and keratinocyte activation during wound healing, Mol. Biol. Cell, vol.19, pp.4738-4749, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00318681

S. Barr, S. Thomson, E. Buck, S. Russo, F. Petti et al., Bypassing cellular EGF receptor dependence through epithelial-to-mesenchymal-like transitions, Clin. Exp. Metastasis, vol.25, pp.685-693, 2008.

A. Barrallo-gimeno and M. A. Nieto, The Snail genes as inducers of cell movement and survival: implications in development and cancer, Development, vol.132, pp.3151-3161, 2005.

E. Batlle, E. Sancho, C. Franci, D. Dominguez, M. Monfar et al., The transcription factor snail is a repressor of Ecadherin gene expression in epithelial tumour cells, Nat. Cell Biol, vol.2, pp.84-89, 2000.

M. Beltran, I. Puig, C. Pena, J. M. Garcia, A. B. Alvarez et al., A natural antisense transcript regulates Zeb2/ Sip1 gene expression during Snail1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition, Genes Dev, vol.22, pp.756-769, 2008.

A. Cano and M. A. Nieto, Non-coding RNAs take centre stage in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, Trends Cell Biol, vol.18, pp.357-359, 2008.

A. Cano, M. A. Perez-moreno, I. Rodrigo, A. Locascio, M. J. Blanco et al., The transcription factor snail controls epithelial-mesenchymal transitions by repressing E-cadherin expression, Nat. Cell Biol, vol.2, pp.76-83, 2000.

C. Carmona-fontaine, H. K. Matthews, S. Kuriyama, M. Moreno, G. A. Dunn et al., Contact inhibition of locomotion in vivo controls neural crest directional migration, Nature, vol.456, pp.957-961, 2008.

E. A. Carver, R. Jiang, Y. Lan, K. F. Oram, and T. Gridley, The mouse snail gene encodes a key regulator of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, Mol. Cell. Biol, vol.21, pp.8184-8188, 2001.

G. Z. Cheng, J. Chan, Q. Wang, W. Zhang, C. D. Sun et al., Twist transcriptionally up-regulates AKT2 in breast cancer cells leading to increased migration, invasion, and resistance to paclitaxel, Cancer Res, vol.67, pp.1979-1987, 2007.

N. R. Christoffersen, A. Silahtaroglu, U. A. Orom, S. Kauppinen, and A. H. Lund, miR-200b mediates post-transcriptional repression of ZFHX1B, RNA, vol.13, pp.1172-1178, 2007.

Y. S. Chu, O. Eder, W. A. Thomas, I. Simcha, F. Pincet et al., Prototypical type I E-cadherin and type II cadherin-7 mediate very distinct adhesiveness through their extracellular domains, J. Biol. Chem, vol.281, pp.2901-2910, 2006.

K. N. Chua, J. Ma, and J. P. Thiery, Targeted therapies in control of EMT in carcinoma and fibrosis, Drug Discov. Today, vol.4, pp.261-267, 2008.

B. Ciruna and J. Rossant, FGF signaling regulates mesoderm cell fate specification and morphogenetic movement at the primitive streak, Dev. Cell, vol.1, pp.37-49, 2001.

D. R. Cochrane, N. S. Spoelstra, E. N. Howe, S. K. Nordeen, and J. K. Richer, MicroRNA-200c mitigates invasiveness and restores sensitivity to microtubule-targeting chemotherapeutic agents, Mol. Cancer Ther, vol.8, pp.1055-1066, 2009.

E. G. Coles, L. A. Taneyhill, and M. Bronner-fraser, A critical role for Cadherin6B in regulating avian neural crest emigration, Dev. Biol, vol.312, pp.533-544, 2007.

A. N. Combes, D. Wilhelm, T. Davidson, E. Dejana, V. Harley et al., Endothelial cell migration directs testis cord formation, Dev. Biol, vol.326, pp.112-120, 2009.

J. Condeelis and J. E. Segall, Intravital imaging of cell movement in tumours, Nat. Rev. Cancer, vol.3, pp.921-930, 2003.

R. A. Cornell and J. S. Eisen, Notch in the pathway: the roles of Notch signaling in neural crest development, Semin. Cell Dev. Biol, vol.16, pp.663-672, 2005.

J. K. Dale, P. Malapert, J. Chal, G. Vilhais-neto, M. Maroto et al., Oscillations of the snail genes in the presomitic mesoderm coordinate segmental patterning and morphogenesis in vertebrate somitogenesis, Circ. Res, vol.10, pp.856-863, 2006.

M. F. Fraga, M. Herranz, J. Espada, E. Ballestar, M. F. Paz et al., A mouse skin multistage carcinogenesis model reflects the aberrant DNA methylation patterns of human tumors, Cancer Res, vol.64, pp.5527-5534, 2004.

B. A. Frederick, B. A. Helfrich, C. D. Coldren, D. Zheng, D. Chan et al., Epithelial to mesenchymal transition predicts gefitinib resistance in cell lines of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and non-small cell lung carcinoma, Mol. Cancer Ther, vol.6, pp.1683-1691, 2007.

N. Fujita, D. L. Jaye, M. Kajita, C. Geigerman, C. S. Moreno et al., MTA3, a Mi-2/NuRD complex subunit, regulates an invasive growth pathway in breast cancer, Cell, vol.113, pp.207-219, 2003.

A. Gal, T. Sjoblom, L. Fedorova, S. Imreh, H. Beug et al., Sustained TGF beta exposure suppresses Smad and non-Smad signalling in mammary epithelial cells, leading to EMT and inhibition of growth arrest and apoptosis, Oncogene, vol.27, pp.1218-1230, 2008.

D. L. Gibbons, W. Lin, C. J. Creighton, Z. H. Rizvi, P. A. Gregory et al., Contextual extracellular cues promote tumor cell EMT and metastasis by regulating miR-200 family expression, Genes Dev, vol.15, pp.2140-2151, 2009.

S. F. Gilbert, Developmental Biology, 2006.

J. Gotzmann, A. N. Fischer, M. Zojer, M. Mikula, V. Proell et al., A crucial function of PDGF in TGF-beta-mediated cancer progression of hepatocytes, Oncogene, vol.25, pp.3170-3185, 2006.

T. R. Graham, H. E. Zhau, V. A. Odero-marah, A. O. Osunkoya, K. S. Kimbro et al., Insulinlike growth factor-I-dependent up-regulation of ZEB1 drives epithelial-tomesenchymal transition in human prostate cancer cells, Cancer Res, vol.68, pp.2479-2488, 2008.

P. A. Gregory, A. G. Bert, E. L. Paterson, S. C. Barry, A. Tsykin et al., The miR-200 family and miR-205 regulate epithelial to mesenchymal transition by targeting ZEB1 and SIP1, Nat. Cell Biol, vol.10, pp.593-601, 2008.

J. Gros, M. Manceau, V. Thome, M. , and C. , A common somitic origin for embryonic muscle progenitors and satellite cells, Nature, vol.435, pp.954-958, 2005.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00118545

J. Grosshans and E. Wieschaus, A genetic link between morphogenesis and cell division during formation of the ventral furrow in Drosophila, Cell, vol.101, pp.523-531, 2000.

S. Grotegut, D. Von-schweinitz, G. Christofori, and F. Lehembre, Hepatocyte growth factor induces cell scattering through MAPK/Egr-1-mediated upregulation of Snail, EMBO J, vol.25, pp.3534-3545, 2006.

L. Guemar, P. De-santa-barbara, E. Vignal, B. Maurel, P. Fort et al., The small GTPase RhoV is an essential regulator of neural crest induction in Xenopus, Dev. Biol, vol.310, pp.113-128, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02267391

K. Gumireddy, A. Li, P. A. Gimotty, A. J. Klein-szanto, L. C. Showe et al., KLF17 is a negative regulator of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis ein breast cancer, Nat. Cell Biol, vol.11, pp.1297-1304, 2009.

P. B. Gupta, T. T. Onder, G. Jiang, K. Tao, C. Kuperwasser et al., Identification of selective inhibitors of cancer stem cells by high-throughput screening, Cell, vol.138, pp.645-659, 2009.

M. Haraguchi, T. Okubo, Y. Miyashita, Y. Miyamoto, M. Hayashi et al., Snail regulates cell-matrix adhesion by regulation of the expression of integrins and basement membrane paroteins, J. Biol. Chem, vol.283, pp.23514-23523, 2008.

C. P. Heisenberg and L. Solnica-krezel, Back and forth between cell fate specification and movement during vertebrate gastrulation, Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev, vol.18, pp.311-316, 2008.

R. S. Herbst, D. Prager, R. Hermann, L. Fehrenbacher, B. E. Johnson et al., TRIBUTE: a phase III trial of erlotinib hydrochloride (OSI-774) combined with carboplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, J. Clin. Oncol, vol.23, pp.5892-5899, 2005.

P. C. Hermann, S. L. Huber, T. Herrler, A. Aicher, J. W. Ellwart et al., Distinct populations of cancer stem cells determine tumor growth and metastatic activity in human pancreatic cancer, Cell Stem Cell, vol.1, pp.313-323, 2007.

N. Herranz, D. Pasini, V. M. Diaz, C. Franci, A. Gutierrez et al., Polycomb complex 2 is required for E-cadherin repression by the Snail1 transcription factor, Mol. Cell. Biol, vol.28, pp.4772-4781, 2008.

F. A. High, M. Zhang, A. Proweller, L. Tu, M. S. Parmacek et al., An essential role for Notch in neural crest during cardiovascular development and smooth muscle differentiation, J. Clin. Invest, vol.117, pp.353-363, 2007.

M. Hirano, S. Hashimoto, S. Yonemura, H. Sabe, and S. Aizawa, EPB41L5 functions to post-transcriptionally regulate cadherin and integrin during epithelial-mesenchymal transition, J. Cell Biol, vol.182, pp.1217-1230, 2008.

H. C. Huang, C. H. Hu, M. C. Tang, W. S. Wang, P. M. Chen et al., , 2007.

, Thymosin beta4 triggers an epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal carcinoma by upregulating integrin-linked kinase, Oncogene, vol.26, pp.2781-2790

Q. Huang, K. Gumireddy, M. Schrier, C. Le-sage, R. Nagel et al., The microRNAs miR-373 and miR-520c promote tumour invasion and metastasis, Nat. Cell Biol, vol.10, pp.202-210, 2008.

M. A. Huber, N. Azoitei, B. Baumann, S. Grunert, A. Sommer et al., NF-kappaB is essential for epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis in a model of breast cancer progression, J. Clin. Invest, vol.114, pp.569-581, 2004.

G. J. Hurteau, J. A. Carlson, S. D. Spivack, and G. J. Brock, Overexpression of the microRNA hsa-miR-200c leads to reduced expression of transcription factor 8 and increased expression of E-cadherin, Cancer Res, vol.67, pp.7972-7976, 2007.

Y. Hüsemann, J. B. Geigl, F. Schubert, P. Musiani, M. Meyer et al., Systemic spread is an early step in breast cancer, Cancer Cell, vol.13, pp.58-68, 2008.

S. A. Illman, K. Lehti, J. Keski-oja, and J. Lohi, Epilysin (MMP-28) induces TGF-beta mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition in lung carcinoma cells, J. Cell Sci, vol.119, pp.3856-3865, 2006.

M. Iwano, D. Plieth, T. M. Danoff, C. Xue, H. Okada et al., Evidence that fibroblasts derive from epithelium during tissue fibrosis, J. Clin. Invest, vol.110, pp.341-350, 2002.

E. Janda, M. Nevolo, K. Lehmann, J. Downward, H. Beug et al., Raf plus TGFbeta-dependent EMT is initiated by endocytosis and lysosomal degradation of E-cadherin, Oncogene, vol.25, pp.7117-7130, 2006.

J. D. Lee, N. F. Silva-gagliardi, U. Tepass, C. J. Mcglade, A. et al.,

, The FERM protein Epb4.1l5 is required for organization of the neural plate and for the epithelial-mesenchymal transition at the primitive streak of the mouse embryo, Development, vol.134, pp.2007-2016

M. Y. Lee, C. Y. Chou, M. J. Tang, and M. R. Shen, Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cervical cancer: correlation with tumor progression, epidermal growth factor receptor overexpression, and snail up-regulation, Clin. Cancer Res, vol.14, pp.4743-4750, 2008.

K. G. Leong, K. Niessen, I. Kulic, A. Raouf, C. Eaves et al., Jagged1-mediated Notch activation induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition through Slug-induced repression of E-cadherin, J. Exp. Med, vol.204, pp.2935-2948, 2007.

A. Lepilina, A. N. Coon, K. Kikuchi, J. E. Holdway, R. W. Roberts et al., A dynamic epicardial injury response supports progenitor cell activity during zebrafish heart regeneration, Cell, vol.127, pp.607-619, 2006.

Q. Q. Li, J. D. Xu, W. J. Wang, X. X. Cao, Q. Chen et al., Twist1-mediated adriamycin-induced epithelialmesenchymal transition relates to multidrug resistance and invasive potential in breast cancer cells, Clin. Cancer Res, vol.15, pp.2657-2665, 2009.

F. Liang, J. Liang, W. Q. Wang, J. P. Sun, E. Udho et al., PRL3 promotes cell invasion and proliferation by down-regulation of Csk leading to Src activation, J. Biol. Chem, vol.282, pp.5413-5419, 2007.

R. C. Lindsley, J. G. Gill, T. L. Murphy, E. M. Langer, M. Cai et al., Mesp1 coordinately regulates cardiovascular fate restriction and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in differentiating ESCs, Cell Stem Cell, vol.3, pp.55-68, 2008.

Y. Liu, S. El-naggar, D. S. Darling, Y. Higashi, and D. C. Dean, Zeb1 links epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cellular senescence, Development, vol.135, pp.579-588, 2008.

H. W. Lo, S. C. Hsu, W. Xia, X. Cao, J. Y. Shih et al., Epidermal growth factor receptor cooperates with signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer cells via up-regulation of TWIST gene expression, Cancer Res, vol.67, pp.9066-9076, 2007.

J. M. López-novoa and M. A. Nieto, Inflammation and EMT: an alliance towards organ fibrosis and cancer progression, EMBO Molecular Medicine, vol.1, pp.303-314, 2009.

Z. Lu, S. Ghosh, Z. Wang, and T. Hunter, Downregulation of caveolin-1 function by EGF leads to the loss of E-cadherin, increased transcriptional activity of beta-catenin, and enhanced tumor cell invasion, Cancer Cell, vol.4, pp.499-515, 2003.

J. G. Lyons, V. Patel, N. C. Roue, S. Y. Fok, L. L. Soon et al., Snail up-regulates proinflammatory mediators and inhibits differentiation in oral keratinocytes, Cancer Res, vol.68, pp.4525-4530, 2008.

P. A. Lysy, F. Smets, C. Sibille, M. Najimi, and E. M. Sokal, Human skin fibroblasts: From mesodermal to hepatocyte-like differentiation, Hepatology, vol.46, pp.1574-1585, 2007.

L. Ma, J. Teruya-feldstein, and R. A. Weinberg, Tumour invasion and metastasis initiated by microRNA-10b in breast cancer, Nature, vol.449, pp.682-688, 2007.

F. Maina, G. Pante, F. Helmbacher, R. Andres, A. Porthin et al., Coupling Met to specific pathways results in distinct developmental outcomes, Mol. Cell, vol.7, pp.1293-1306, 2001.

S. A. Mani, W. Guo, M. J. Liao, E. N. Eaton, A. Ayyanan et al., The epithelial-mesenchymal transition generates cells with properties of stem cells, Cell, vol.133, pp.704-715, 2008.

J. R. Mann, M. G. Backlund, F. G. Buchanan, T. Daikoku, V. R. Holla et al., Repression of prostaglandin dehydrogenase by epidermal growth factor and snail increases prostaglandin E2 and promotes cancer progression, Cancer Res, vol.66, pp.6649-6656, 2006.

A. C. Martin, M. Kaschube, and E. F. Wieschaus, Pulsed actin-myosin network contractions drive apical constriction, Nature, vol.457, pp.495-499, 2009.

E. Martin-villar, D. Megias, S. Castel, M. M. Yurrita, S. Vilaro et al., Podoplanin binds ERM proteins to activate RhoA and promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition, J. Cell Sci, vol.119, pp.4541-4553, 2006.

C. Martínez-Álvarez, M. J. Blanco, R. Pérez, M. Aparicio, E. Resel et al., Snail family members and cell survival in physiological and pathological cleft palates, Dev. Biol, vol.265, pp.207-218, 2004.

J. Massagué, TGF? in cancer. Cell, vol.134, pp.215-229, 2008.

E. L. Mccoy, R. Iwanaga, P. Jedlicka, N. S. Abbey, L. A. Chodosh et al., Six1 expands the mouse mammary epithelial stem/progenitor cell pool and induces mammary tumors that undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition, J. Clin. Invest, vol.119, pp.2663-2677, 2009.

S. Medjkane, C. Perez-sanchez, C. Gaggioli, E. Sahai, and R. Treisman, Myocardin-related transcription factors and SRF are required for cytoskeletal dynamics and experimental metastasis, Nat. Cell Biol, vol.11, pp.257-268, 2009.

M. E. Mercado-pimentel and R. B. Runyan, Multiple transforming growth factor-beta isoforms and receptors function during epithelial-mesenchymal cell transformation in the embryonic heart, Cells Tissues Organs, vol.185, pp.146-156, 2007.

D. S. Micalizzi, K. L. Christensen, P. Jedlickam, R. D. Coletta, A. E. Barón et al.,

, The Six1 homeoprotein induces human mammary carcinoma cells to undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis in mice through increasing TGF-beta signaling, J. Clin. Invest, vol.119, pp.2678-2690

C. Min, K. H. Kirsch, Y. Zhao, S. Jeay, A. H. Palamakumbura et al., The tumor suppressor activity of the lysyl oxidase propeptide reverses the invasive phenotype of Her-2/neu-driven breast cancer, Cancer Res, vol.67, pp.1105-1112, 2007.

N. Mitiku and J. C. Baker, Genomic analysis of gastrulation and organogenesis in the mouse, Dev. Cell, vol.13, pp.897-907, 2007.

A. H. Monsoro-burq, Sclerotome development and morphogenesis: when experimental embryology meets genetics, Int. J. Dev. Biol, vol.49, pp.301-308, 2005.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01183680

S. E. Moody, C. J. Sarkisian, K. T. Hahn, E. J. Gunther, S. Pickup et al., Conditional activation of Neu in the mammary epithelium of transgenic mice results in reversible pulmonary metastasis, Cancer Cell, vol.2, pp.451-461, 2002.

S. E. Moody, D. Perez, T. C. Pan, C. J. Sarkisian, C. P. Portocarrero et al., The transcriptional repressor Snail promotes mammary tumor recurrence, Cancer Cell, vol.8, pp.197-209, 2005.

A. V. Morales, H. Acloque, O. H. Ocana, C. A. De-frutos, V. Gold et al., Snail genes at the crossroads of symmetric and asymmetric processes in the developing mesoderm, EMBO Rep, vol.8, pp.104-109, 2007.

A. Morel, M. Lièvre, C. Thomas, G. Hinkal, S. Ansieau et al., Generation of breast cancer stem cells through epithelial-mesenchymal transition, PLoS ONE, vol.3, 2008.

G. Moreno-bueno, F. Portillo, and A. Cano, Transcriptional regulation of cell polarity in EMT and cancer, Oncogene, vol.27, pp.6958-6969, 2008.

T. Morita, T. Mayanagi, and K. Sobue, Dual roles of myocardin-related transcription factors in epithelial mesenchymal transition via slug induction and actin remodeling, J. Cell Biol, vol.179, pp.1027-1042, 2007.

S. A. Murray and T. Gridley, Snail family genes are required for leftright asymmetry determination, but not neural crest formation, in mice, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, vol.103, pp.10300-10304, 2006.

S. Nakagawa and M. Takeichi, Neural crest cell-cell adhesion controlled by sequential and subpopulation-specific expression of novel cadherins, Development, vol.121, pp.1321-1332, 1995.

Y. Nakajima, T. Yamagishi, S. Hokari, and H. Nakamura, Mechanisms involved in valvuloseptal endocardial cushion formation in early cardiogenesis: roles of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), Anat. Rec, vol.258, pp.119-127, 2000.

Y. Nakaya, S. Kuroda, Y. T. Katagiri, K. Kaibuchi, and Y. Takahashi, , 2004.

, Mesenchymal-epithelial transition during somitic segmentation is regulated by differential roles of Cdc42 and Rac1, Dev. Cell, vol.7, pp.425-438

Y. Nakaya, E. W. Sukowati, Y. Wu, and G. Sheng, RhoA and microtubule dynamics control cell-basement membrane interaction in EMT during gastrulation, Nat. Cell Biol, vol.10, pp.765-775, 2008.

M. A. Nieto, M. G. Sargent, D. G. Wilkinson, and J. Cooke, Control of cell behavior during vertebrate development by Slug, a zinc finger gene, Science, vol.264, pp.835-839, 1994.

K. Niessen, Y. Fu, L. Chang, P. A. Hoodless, D. Mcfadden et al., Slug is a direct Notch target required for initiation of cardiac cushion cellularization, J. Cell Biol, vol.182, pp.315-325, 2008.

T. Nitta, J. S. Kim, D. Mohuczy, and K. E. Behrns, Murine cirrhosis induces hepatocyte epithelial mesenchymal transition and alterations in survival signaling pathways, Hepatology, vol.48, pp.909-919, 2008.

H. Oda, S. Tsukita, and M. Takeichi, Dynamic behavior of the cadherin-based cell-cell adhesion system during Drosophila gastrulation, Dev. Biol, vol.203, pp.435-450, 1998.

P. Oliveri, Q. Tu, and E. H. Davidson, Global regulatory logic for specification of an embryonic cell lineage, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105, pp.5955-5962, 2008.

D. Olmeda, A. Montes, G. Moreno-bueno, J. M. Flores, F. Portillo et al., Snai1 and Snai2 collaborate on tumor growth and metastasis properties of mouse skin carcinoma cell lines, Oncogene, vol.27, pp.4690-4701, 2008.

B. Ozdamar, R. Bose, M. Barrios-rodiles, H. R. Wang, Y. Zhang et al., Regulation of the polarity protein Par6 by TGFbeta receptors controls epithelial cell plasticity, Science, vol.307, pp.1603-1609, 2005.

S. M. Park, A. B. Gaur, E. Lengyel, and M. E. Peter, The miR-200 family determines the epithelial phenotype of cancer cells by targeting the E-cadherin repressors ZEB1 and ZEB2, Genes Dev, vol.22, pp.894-907, 2008.

H. Peinado, F. Marin, E. Cubillo, H. J. Stark, N. Fusenig et al., Snail and E47 repressors of E-cadherin induce distinct invasive and angiogenic properties in vivo, J. Cell Sci, vol.117, pp.2827-2839, 2004.

H. Peinado, D. Olmeda, and A. Cano, Snail, Zeb and bHLH factors in tumour progression: an alliance against the epithelial phenotype?, Nat. Rev. Cancer, vol.7, pp.415-428, 2007.

S. Peiro, M. Escriva, I. Puig, M. J. Barbera, N. Dave et al., Snail1 transcriptional repressor binds to its own promoter and controls its expression, Nucleic Acids Res, vol.34, pp.2077-2084, 2006.

C. Peña, J. M. Garcia, V. Garcia, J. Silva, G. Dominguez et al., The expression levels of the transcriptional regulators p300 and CtBP modulate the correlations between SNAIL, ZEB1, E-cadherin and vitamin D receptor in human colon carcinomas, Int. J. Cancer, vol.119, pp.2098-2104, 2006.

S. Perez-alcala, M. A. Nieto, and J. A. Barbas, LSox5 regulates RhoB expression in the neural tube and promotes generation of the neural crest, Development, vol.131, pp.4455-4465, 2004.

A. K. Perl, P. Wilgenbus, U. Dahl, H. Semb, and G. Christofori, A causal role for E-cadherin in the transition from adenoma to carcinoma, Nature, vol.392, pp.190-193, 1998.

U. Philippar, E. T. Roussos, M. Oser, H. Yamaguchi, H. D. Kim et al., A Mena invasion isoform potentiates EGF-induced carcinoma cell invasion and metastasis, Dev. Cell, vol.15, pp.813-828, 2008.

M. Pollak, Insulin and insulin-like growth factor signalling in neoplasia, Nat. Rev. Cancer, vol.8, pp.915-928, 2008.

F. Prall, Tumour budding in colorectal carcinoma, Histopathology, vol.50, pp.151-162, 2007.

A. Puisieux, S. Valsesia-wittmann, and S. Ansieau, A twist for survival and cancer progression, Br. J. Cancer, vol.94, pp.13-17, 2006.

E. Quintana, M. Shackleton, M. S. Sabel, D. R. Fullen, T. M. Johnson et al., Efficient tumour formation by single human melanoma cells, Nature, vol.456, pp.593-598, 2008.

D. C. Radisky, D. D. Levy, L. E. Littlepage, H. Liu, C. M. Nelson et al., Rac1b and reactive oxygen species mediate MMP-3-induced EMT and genomic instability, Nature, vol.436, pp.123-127, 2005.

J. Rivera-feliciano, K. H. Lee, S. W. Kong, S. Rajagopal, Q. Ma et al., Development of heart valves requires Gata4 expression in endothelial-derived cells, Development, vol.133, pp.3607-3618, 2006.

K. Ruan, S. Bao, and G. Ouyang, The multifaceted role of periostin in tumorigenesis, Cell. Mol. Life Sci, vol.66, pp.2219-2230, 2009.

C. Sahlgren, M. V. Gustafsson, S. Jin, L. Poellinger, and U. Lendahl, Notch signaling mediates hypoxia-induced tumor cell migration and invasion, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105, pp.6392-6397, 2008.

S. Saika, K. Ikeda, O. Yamanaka, M. Sato, Y. Muragaki et al., Transient adenoviral gene transfer of Smad7 prevents injury-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of lens epithelium in mice, Lab. Invest, vol.84, pp.1259-1270, 2004.

D. Sakai, T. Suzuki, N. Osumi, and Y. Wakamatsu, Cooperative action of Sox9, Snail2 and PKA signaling in early neural crest development, Development, vol.133, pp.1323-1333, 2006.

M. Sato, Y. Muragaki, S. Saika, A. B. Roberts, and A. Ooshima, Targeted disruption of TGF-beta1/Smad3 signaling protects against renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction, J. Clin. Invest, vol.112, pp.1486-1494, 2003.

T. Sauka-spengler and M. Bronner-fraser, A gene regulatory network orchestrates neural crest formation, Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol, vol.9, pp.557-568, 2008.

T. Shida, M. Furuya, T. Nikaido, M. Hasegawa, K. Koda et al., Sonic Hedgehog-Gli1 signaling pathway might become an effective therapeutic target in gastrointestinal neuroendocrine carcinomas, Cancer Biol. Ther, vol.5, pp.1530-1538, 2006.

I. Shoval, A. Ludwig, and C. Kalcheim, Antagonistic roles of fulllength N-cadherin and its soluble BMP cleavage product in neural crest delamination, Development, vol.134, pp.491-501, 2007.

M. Shrader, M. S. Pino, G. Brown, P. Black, L. Adam et al., Molecular correlates of gefitinib responsiveness in human bladder cancer cells, Mol. Cancer Ther, vol.6, pp.277-285, 2007.

M. Shtutman, E. Levina, P. Ohouo, M. Baig, and I. B. Roninson, Cell adhesion molecule L1 disrupts E-cadherin-containing adherens junctions and increases scattering and motility of MCF7 breast carcinoma cells, Cancer Res, vol.66, pp.11370-11380, 2006.

G. A. Smolen, B. J. Schott, R. A. Stewart, S. Diederichs, B. Muir et al., A Rap GTPase interactor, RADIL, mediates migration of neural crest precursors, Genes Dev, vol.21, pp.2131-2136, 2007.

V. R. Sobrado, G. Moreno-bueno, E. Cubillo, L. J. Holt, M. A. Nieto et al., The class I bHLH factors E2-2A and E2-2B regulate, EMT. J. Cell Sci, vol.122, pp.1014-1024, 2009.

S. Spaderna, O. Schmalhofer, M. Wahlbuhl, A. Dimmler, K. Bauer et al., The transcriptional repressor ZEB1 promotes metastasis and loss of cell polarity in cancer, Cancer Res, vol.68, pp.537-544, 2008.

G. Stefani and F. J. Slack, Small non-coding RNAs in animal development, Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol, vol.9, pp.219-230, 2008.

V. Stemmer, B. De-craene, G. Berx, and J. Behrens, Snail promotes Wnt target gene expression and interacts with beta-catenin, Oncogene, vol.27, pp.5075-5080, 2008.

R. Strippoli, I. Benedicto, M. L. Perz-lozano, A. Cerezo, M. Lopez-cabrera et al., Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of peritoneal mesothelial cells is regulated by an ERK/NF-?B/Snail1 pathway, Dis. Model. Mech, vol.1, pp.264-274, 2008.

N. J. Sullivan, A. K. Sasser, A. E. Axel, F. Vesuna, V. Raman et al., Interleukin-6 induces an epithelialmesenchymal transition phenotype in human breast cancer cells, Oncogene, vol.28, pp.2940-2947, 2009.

X. Tan, Y. Li, and Y. Liu, Paricalcitol attenuates renal interstitial fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy, J. Am. Soc. Nephrol, vol.17, pp.3382-3393, 2006.

L. A. Taneyhill, E. G. Coles, and M. Bronner-fraser, Snail2 directly represses cadherin6B during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions of the neural crest, Development, vol.134, pp.1481-1490, 2007.

N. Tanimizu and A. Miyajima, Molecular mechanism of liver development and regeneration, Int. Rev. Cytol, vol.259, pp.1-48, 2007.

J. M. Teddy and P. M. Kulesa, In vivo evidence for short-and longrange cell communication in cranial neural crest cells, Development, vol.131, pp.6141-6151, 2004.

J. P. Thiery and J. P. Sleeman, Complex networks orchestrate epithelial-mesenchymal transitions, Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol, vol.7, pp.131-142, 2006.

S. Thomson, E. Buck, F. Petti, G. Griffin, E. Brown et al., Epithelial to mesenchymal transition is a determinant of sensitivity of non-small-cell lung carcinoma cell lines and xenografts to epidermal growth factor receptor inhibition, Cancer Res, vol.65, pp.9455-9462, 2005.

S. Thuault, E. J. Tan, H. Peinado, A. Cano, C. H. Heldin et al., HMGA2 and Smads co-regulate SNAIL1 expression during induction of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, J. Biol. Chem, vol.174, pp.175-183, 2008.

L. A. Timmerman, J. Grego-bessa, A. Raya, E. Bertran, J. M. Perez-pomares et al., Notch promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition during cardiac development and oncogenic transformation, Genes Dev, vol.18, pp.99-115, 2004.

U. Ullmann, P. In't-veld, C. Gilles, K. Sermon, M. De-rycke et al., Epithelial-mesenchymal transition process in human embryonic stem cells cultured in feeder-free conditions, Mol. Hum. Reprod, vol.13, pp.21-32, 2007.

J. Unno, K. Satoh, M. Hirota, A. Kanno, S. Hamada et al., LIV-1 enhances the aggressive phenotype through the induction of epithelial to mesenchymal transition in human pancreatic carcinoma cells, Int. J. Oncol, vol.35, pp.813-821, 2009.

F. Valdes, A. M. Alvarez, A. Locascio, S. Vega, B. Herrera et al., The epithelial mesenchymal transition confers resistance to the apoptotic effects of transforming growth factor Beta in fetal rat hepatocytes, Mol. Cancer Res, vol.1, pp.68-78, 2002.

J. Vallin, J. M. Girault, J. P. Thiery, and F. Broders, Xenopus cadherin-11 is expressed in different populations of migrating neural crest cells, Mech. Dev, vol.75, pp.171-174, 1998.

S. Vega, A. V. Morales, O. H. Ocana, F. Valdes, I. Fabregat et al., Snail blocks the cell cycle and confers resistance to cell death, Genes Dev, vol.18, pp.1131-1143, 2004.

T. Vincent, E. P. Neve, J. R. Johnson, A. Kukalev, F. Rojo et al., SNAIL1-SMAD3/4 transcriptional repressor complex promotes TGF-beta mediated epithelialmesenchymal transition, Nat. Cell Biol, vol.11, pp.943-950, 2009.

J. E. Visvader and G. J. Lindeman, Cancer stem cells in solid tumours: accumulating evidence and unresolved questions, Nat. Rev. Cancer, vol.8, pp.755-768, 2008.

T. Waerner, M. Alacakaptan, I. Tamir, R. Oberauer, A. Gal et al., ILEI: a cytokine essential for EMT, tumor formation, and late events in metastasis in epithelial cells, Cancer Cell, vol.10, pp.227-239, 2006.

X. B. Wan, Z. J. Long, M. Yan, J. Xu, L. P. Xia et al., Inhibition of Aurora-A suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasion by downregulating MAPK in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, Carcinogenesis, vol.29, pp.1930-1937, 2008.

L. S. Wanami, H. Y. Chen, S. Peiro, A. Garcia-de-herreros, and R. E. Bachelder, Vascular endothelial growth factor-A stimulates Snail expression in breast tumor cells: implications for tumor progression, Exp. Cell Res, vol.314, pp.2448-2453, 2008.

H. Wang, S. Y. Quah, J. M. Dong, E. Manser, J. P. Tang et al., , 2007.

, PRL-3 down-regulates PTEN expression and signals through PI3K to promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition, Cancer Res, vol.67, pp.2922-2926

S. P. Wang, W. L. Wang, Y. L. Chang, C. T. Wu, Y. C. Chao et al., p53 controls cancer cell invasion by inducing the MDM2-mediated degradation of Slug, Nat. Cell Biol, vol.11, pp.694-704, 2009.

X. Wang, M. Zheng, G. Liu, W. Xia, P. J. Mckeown-longo et al., Kruppel-like factor 8 induces epithelial to mesenchymal transition and epithelial cell invasion, Cancer Res, vol.67, pp.7184-7193, 2007.

X. Wang, J. Nie, Q. Zhou, W. Liu, F. Zhu et al., Downregulation of Par-3 expression and disruption of Par complex integrity by TGF-beta during the process of epithelial to mesenchymal transition in rat proximal epithelial cells, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, vol.1782, pp.51-59, 2008.

Y. Wang, H. Zhang, Y. Chen, Y. Sun, F. Yang et al., LSD1 Is a Subunit of the NuRD Complex and Targets the Metastasis Programs in Breast Cancer, Cell, vol.138, pp.660-672, 2009.

C. C. Warzecha, T. K. Sato, B. Nabet, J. B. Hogenesch, and R. P. Carstens, ESRP1 and ESRP2 are epithelial cell-type-specific regulators of FGFR2 splicing, Mol. Cell, vol.33, pp.591-601, 2009.

C. C. Warzecha, S. Shen, Y. Xing, and R. P. Carstens, The epithelial splicing factors ESRP1 and ESRP2 positively and negatively regulate diverse types of alternative splicing events, RNA Biol, vol.6, 2009.

U. Wellner, J. Schubert, U. C. Burk, O. Schmalhofer, F. Zhu et al., The EMTactivator ZEB1 promotes tumorigenicity by repressing stemness-inhibiting microRNAs, Nat. Cell Biol, 2009.

E. L. Whiteman, C. J. Liu, E. R. Fearon, and B. Margolis, The transcription factor snail represses Crumbs3 expression and disrupts apico-basal polarity complexes, Oncogene, vol.27, pp.3875-3879, 2008.

A. Wicki, F. Lehembre, N. Wick, B. Hantusch, D. Kerjaschki et al., Tumor invasion in the absence of epithelial-mesenchymal transition: podoplanin-mediated remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton, Cancer Cell, vol.9, pp.261-272, 2006.

S. E. Witta, R. M. Gemmill, F. R. Hirsch, C. D. Coldren, K. Hedman et al., Restoring E-cadherin expression increases sensitivity to epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors in lung cancer cell lines, Cancer Res, vol.66, pp.944-950, 2006.

S. Y. Wu, M. Ferkowicz, and D. R. Mcclay, Ingression of primary mesenchyme cells of the sea urchin embryo: a precisely timed epithelial mesenchymal transition, Birth Defects Res. C Embryo Today, vol.81, pp.241-252, 2007.

S. Y. Wu, Y. P. Yang, and D. R. Mcclay, Twist is an essential regulator of the skeletogenic gene regulatory network in the sea urchin embryo, Dev. Biol, vol.319, pp.406-415, 2008.

Y. Wu, J. Deng, P. G. Rychahou, S. Qiu, B. M. Evers et al., Stabilization of Snail by NF-?B is required for inflammation-induced cell migration and invasion, Cancer Cell, vol.15, pp.416-428, 2009.

Y. Wu, B. M. Evers, and B. P. Zhou, Small C-terminal domain phosphatase enhances snail activity through dephosphorylation, J. Biol. Chem, vol.284, pp.640-648, 2009.

L. Wyatt, C. Wadham, L. A. Crocker, M. Lardelli, and Y. Khew-goodall, The protein tyrosine phosphatase Pez regulates TGFbeta, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and organ development, J. Cell Biol, vol.178, pp.1223-1235, 2007.

J. B. Wyckoff, Y. Wang, E. Y. Lin, J. F. Li, S. Goswami et al., Direct visualization of macrophage-assisted tumor cell intravasation in mammary tumors, Cancer Res, vol.67, pp.2649-2656, 2007.

S. Yamashita, C. Miyagi, T. Fukada, N. Kagara, Y. S. Che et al., Zinc transporter LIVI controls epithelial-mesenchymal transition in zebrafish gastrula organizer, Nature, vol.429, pp.298-302, 2004.

M. Yanez-mo, E. Lara-pezzi, R. Selgas, M. Ramirez-huesca, C. Dominguez-jimenez et al., Peritoneal dialysis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of mesothelial cells, N. Engl. J. Med, vol.348, pp.403-413, 2003.

A. D. Yang, E. R. Camp, F. Fan, L. Shen, M. J. Gray et al., Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 activation mediates epithelial to mesenchymal transition in human pancreatic carcinoma cells, Cancer Res, vol.66, pp.46-51, 2006.

A. D. Yang, F. Fan, E. R. Camp, G. Van-buren, W. Liu et al., Chronic oxaliplatin resistance induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer cell lines, Clin. Cancer Res, vol.12, pp.4147-4153, 2006.

J. Yang and R. A. Weinberg, Epithelial-mesenchymal transition: at the crossroads of development and tumor metastasis, Dev. Cell, vol.14, pp.818-829, 2008.

L. Yang, C. Lin, and Z. R. Liu, P68 RNA helicase mediates PDGFinduced epithelial mesenchymal transition by displacing Axin from betacatenin, Cell, vol.127, pp.139-155, 2006.

M. H. Yang, M. Z. Wu, S. H. Chiou, P. M. Chen, S. Y. Chang et al., Direct regulation of TWIST by HIF-1alpha promotes metastasis, Nat. Cell Biol, vol.10, pp.295-305, 2008.

R. L. Yauch, T. Januario, D. A. Eberhard, G. Cavet, W. Zhu et al., Epithelial versus mesenchymal phenotype determines in vitro sensitivity and predicts clinical activity of erlotinib in lung cancer patients, Clin. Cancer Res, vol.11, pp.8686-8698, 2005.

J. Zavadil, M. Narasimhan, M. Blumenberg, and R. J. Schneider, Transforming growth factor-beta and microRNA:mRNA regulatory networks in epithelial plasticity, Cells Tissues Organs, vol.185, pp.157-161, 2007.

M. Zeisberg, C. Bottiglio, N. Kumar, Y. Maeshima, F. Strutz et al., Bone morphogenic protein-7 inhibits progression of chronic renal fibrosis associated with two genetic mouse models, Am. J. Physiol, vol.285, pp.1060-1067, 2003.

E. M. Zeisberg, O. Tarnavski, M. Zeisberg, A. L. Dorfman, J. R. Mcmullen et al., Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition contributes to cardiac fibrosis, Nat. Med, vol.13, pp.952-961, 2007.

M. Zeisberg, C. Yang, M. Martino, M. B. Duncan, F. Rieder et al., Fibroblasts derive from hepatocytes in liver fibrosis via epithelial to mesenchymal transition, J. Biol. Chem, vol.282, pp.23337-23347, 2007.

E. M. Zeisberg, S. E. Potenta, H. Sugimoto, M. Zeisberg, and R. Kalluri, Fibroblasts in kidney fibrosis emerge via endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, J. Am. Soc. Nephrol, vol.19, pp.2282-2287, 2008.

Y. Zhan, A. Fujino, D. T. Maclaughlin, T. F. Manganaro, P. P. Szotek et al., Mullerian inhibiting substance regulates its receptor/SMAD signaling and causes mesenchymal transition of the coelomic epithelial cells early in Mullerian duct regression, Development, vol.133, pp.2359-2369, 2006.

J. Zhang, K. H. Oh, H. Xu, and P. J. Margetts, Vascular endothelial growth factor expression in peritoneal mesothelial cells undergoing transdifferentiation, Perit. Dial. Int, vol.28, pp.497-504, 2008.

I. E. Zohn, Y. Li, E. Y. Skolnik, K. V. Anderson, J. Han et al., p38 and a p38-interacting protein are critical for downregulation of E-cadherin during mouse gastrulation, Cell, vol.125, pp.957-969, 2006.