Y. Sanz, M. Romani-perez, A. Benitez-paez, K. J. Portune, P. Brigidi et al., Towards microbiome-informed dietary recommendations for promoting metabolic and mental health: Opinion papers of the MyNewGut project, Clin Nutr, vol.37, issue.6, pp.2191-2198, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02626311

J. L. Sonnenburg and F. Backhed, Diet-microbiota interactions as moderators of human metabolism, Nature, vol.535, issue.7610, pp.56-64, 2016.

S. J. O'keefe, J. V. Li, L. Lahti, J. Ou, F. Carbonero et al., Fat, fibre and cancer risk in African Americans and rural Africans, Nat Commun, vol.6, p.6342, 2015.

A. M. Stephen, M. M. Champ, S. J. Cloran, M. Fleith, L. Van-lieshout et al., Dietary fibre in Europe: current state of knowledge on definitions, sources, recommendations, intakes and relationships to health, Nutr Res Rev, vol.30, issue.2, pp.149-90, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01604240

, Review of the scientific evidence on the physiological effects of certain non-digestible carbohydrates, 2018.

D. Hcsf, List of dietary fibres reviewed and accepted by health Canada's food directorate, 2017.

J. Verspreet, B. Damen, W. F. Broekaert, K. Verbeke, J. A. Delcour et al., A critical look at prebiotics within the dietary fiber concept, Annu Rev Food Sci Technol, vol.7, pp.167-90, 2016.

D. Hcsf, Policy for labelling and advertising of dietary fibrecontaining food products, 2012.

D. J. Rose, J. A. Patterson, and B. R. Hamaker, Structural differences among alkalisoluble arabinoxylans from Maize (Zea mays), Rice (Oryza sativa), and Wheat (Triticum aestivum) brans influence human fecal fermentation profiles, J Agric Food Chem, vol.58, issue.1, pp.493-502, 2010.

Y. Hemery, V. Lullien-pellerin, X. Rouau, J. Abecassis, M. F. Samson et al., Biochemical markers: efficient tools for the assessment of wheat grain tissue proportions in milling fractions, J Cereal Sci, vol.49, issue.1, pp.55-64, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02668759

L. Saulnier, F. Guillon, and A. L. Chateigner-boutin, Cell wall deposition and metabolism in wheat grain, J Cereal Sci, vol.56, issue.1, pp.91-108, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02650934

T. M. Amrein, P. Gr?-anicher, and E. Arrigoni, Amad o R. In vitro digestibility and colonic fermentability of aleurone isolated from wheat bran, LWT -Food Sci Technol, vol.36, issue.4, pp.451-60, 2003.

F. Brouns, Y. Hemery, R. Price, and N. M. Anson, Wheat aleurone: separation, composition, health aspects, and potential food use, Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, vol.52, issue.6, pp.553-68, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01268375

G. R. Gibson and M. B. Roberfroid, Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: introducing the concept of prebiotics, J Nutr, vol.125, issue.6, pp.1401-1413, 1995.

L. B. Bindels, N. M. Delzenne, P. D. Cani, and J. Walter, Towards a more comprehensive concept for prebiotics, Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, vol.12, issue.5, pp.303-313, 2015.

G. R. Gibson, R. Hutkins, M. E. Sanders, S. L. Prescott, R. A. Reimer et al., Expert consensus document: the International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of prebiotics, Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, vol.14, issue.8, pp.491-502, 2017.

G. Reid, M. E. Sanders, H. R. Gaskins, G. R. Gibson, A. Mercenier et al., New scientific paradigms for probiotics and prebiotics, J Clin Gastroenterol, vol.37, issue.2, pp.105-123, 2003.

G. R. Gibson, H. M. Probert, J. V. Loo, R. A. Rastall, and M. B. Roberfroid, Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: updating the concept of prebiotics, Nutr Res Rev, vol.17, issue.2, pp.259-75, 2004.

M. Roberfroid, Prebiotics: the concept revisited, J Nutr, vol.137, issue.3, pp.830-837, 2007.

M. Roberfroid, G. R. Gibson, L. Hoyles, A. L. Mccartney, R. Rastall et al., Prebiotic effects: metabolic and health benefits, Br J Nutr, vol.104, issue.2, pp.1-63, 2010.

E. M. Dewulf, P. D. Cani, S. P. Claus, S. Fuentes, P. G. Puylaert et al., Insight into the prebiotic concept: lessons from an exploratory, double blind intervention study with inulin-type fructans in obese women, Gut, vol.62, issue.8, pp.1112-1133, 2013.

D. Vandeputte, G. Falony, S. Vieira-silva, J. Wang, M. Sailer et al., Prebiotic inulin-type fructans induce specific changes in the human gut microbiota, Gut, vol.66, issue.11, 2017.

A. C. Nicolucci, M. P. Hume, I. Martinez, S. Mayengbam, J. Walter et al., Prebiotics reduce body fat and alter intestinal microbiota in children who are overweight or with obesity, Gastroenterology, vol.153, issue.3, pp.711-733, 2017.

R. Weiss and S. Caprio, The metabolic consequences of childhood obesity, Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metabol, vol.19, issue.3, pp.405-424, 2005.

V. Triantis, L. Bode, and R. Van-neerven, Immunological effects of human milk oligosaccharides, Front Pediatr, vol.6, p.190, 2018.

J. Vulevic, A. Drakoularakou, P. Yaqoob, G. Tzortzis, and G. R. Gibson, Modulation of the fecal microflora profile and immune function by a novel transgalactooligosaccharide mixture (B-GOS) in healthy elderly volunteers, Am J Clin Nutr, vol.88, issue.5, pp.1438-1484, 2008.

J. Vulevic, A. Juric, G. Tzortzis, and G. R. Gibson, A mixture of transgalactooligosaccharides reduces markers of metabolic syndrome and modulates the fecal microbiota and immune function of overweight adults, J Nutr, vol.143, issue.3, pp.324-355, 2013.

E. E. Canfora, C. M. Van-der-beek, G. Hermes, G. H. Goossens, J. Jocken et al., Supplementation of diet with galacto-oligosaccharides increases bifidobacteria, but not insulin sensitivity, in obese prediabetic individuals, Gastroenterology, vol.153, issue.1, pp.87-97, 2017.

M. L. Stewart, V. Savarino, and J. L. Slavin, Assessment of dietary fiber fermentation: effect of Lactobacillus reuteri and reproducibility of short-chain fatty acid concentrations, Mol Nutr Food Res, vol.53, issue.1, pp.114-134, 2009.

C. Lefranc-millot, L. Guerin-deremaux, D. Wils, C. Neut, L. E. Miller et al., Impact of a resistant dextrin on intestinal ecology: how altering the digestive ecosystem with NUTRIOSE(R), a soluble fibre with prebiotic properties, may be beneficial for health, J Int Med Res, vol.40, issue.1, pp.211-235, 2012.

M. Elli, D. Cattivelli, S. Soldi, M. Bonatti, and L. Morelli, Evaluation of prebiotic potential of refined psyllium (Plantago ovata) fiber in healthy women, J Clin Gastroenterol, vol.42, pp.174-180, 2008.

A. Aliasgharzadeh, P. Dehghan, B. P. Gargari, A. , and M. , Resistant dextrin, as a prebiotic, improves insulin resistance and inflammation in women with type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled clinical trial, Br J Nutr, vol.113, issue.2, pp.321-351, 2015.

B. Izydorczyk, Cereal Arabinoxylans: advances in structure and physicochemical properties, Carbohydr Polym, vol.28, pp.33-48, 1995.

A. L. Chateigner-boutin, J. J. Ordaz-ortiz, C. Alvarado, B. Bouchet, S. Durand et al., Developing pericarp of maize: a model to study arabinoxylan synthesis and feruloylation, Front Plant Sci, vol.7, p.1476, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01546427

I. Marcotuli, Y. S. Hsieh, J. Lahnstein, K. Yap, R. A. Burton et al., Structural variation and content of arabinoxylans in endosperm and bran of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.), J Agric Food Chem, vol.64, issue.14, pp.2883-92, 2016.

K. Iiyama, T. Lam, and B. A. Stone, Covalent cross-links in the cell wall, Plant Physiol, vol.104, issue.2, pp.315-320, 1994.

C. Grootaert, P. Van-den-abbeele, M. Marzorati, W. F. Broekaert, C. M. Courtin et al., Comparison of prebiotic effects of arabinoxylan oligosaccharides and inulin in a simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem, FEMS Microbiol Ecol, vol.69, issue.2, pp.231-273, 2009.

M. Vardakou, C. N. Palop, P. Christakopoulos, C. B. Faulds, M. A. Gasson et al., Evaluation of the prebiotic properties of wheat arabinoxylan fractions and induction of hydrolase activity in gut microflora, Int J Food Microbiol, vol.123, issue.1e2, pp.166-70, 2008.

S. A. Hughes, P. R. Shewry, L. Li, G. R. Gibson, M. L. Sanz et al., In vitro fermentation by human fecal microflora of wheat arabinoxylans, J Agric Food Chem, vol.55, issue.11, pp.4589-95, 2007.

P. Van-den-abbeele, K. Venema, T. Van-de-wiele, W. Verstraete, and S. Possemiers, Different human gut models reveal the distinct fermentation patterns of Arabinoxylan versus inulin, J Agric Food Chem, vol.61, issue.41, pp.9819-9846, 2013.

V. Van-craeyveld, K. Swennen, E. Dornez, T. Van-de-wiele, M. Marzorati et al., Structurally different wheat-derived arabinoxylooligosaccharides have different prebiotic and fermentation properties in rats, J Nutr, vol.138, issue.12, pp.2348-55, 2008.

J. I. Sanchez, M. Marzorati, C. Grootaert, M. Baran, V. Van-craeyveld et al., Arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides (AXOS) affect the protein/carbohydrate fermentation balance and microbial population dynamics of the Simulator of Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem, Microb Biotechnol, vol.2, issue.1, pp.101-114, 2009.

Z. X. Lu, K. Z. Walker, J. G. Muir, T. Mascara, and K. O'dea, Arabinoxylan fiber, a byproduct of wheat flour processing, reduces the postprandial glucose response in normoglycemic subjects, Am J Clin Nutr, vol.71, issue.5, pp.1123-1131, 2000.

Z. X. Lu, K. Z. Walker, J. G. Muir, and K. O'dea, Arabinoxylan fibre improves metabolic control in people with Type II diabetes, Eur J Clin Nutr, vol.58, issue.4, pp.621-629, 2004.

M. Mohlig, C. Koebnick, M. O. Weickert, W. Lueder, B. Otto et al., Arabinoxylan-enriched meal increases serum ghrelin levels in healthy humans, Horm Metab Res, vol.37, issue.5, pp.303-311, 2005.

A. L. Garcia, J. Steiniger, S. C. Reich, M. O. Weickert, I. Harsch et al., Arabinoxylan fibre consumption improved glucose metabolism, but did not affect serum adipokines in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance, Horm Metab Res, vol.38, issue.11, pp.761-767, 2006.

A. L. Garcia, B. Otto, S. C. Reich, M. O. Weickert, J. Steiniger et al., Arabinoxylan consumption decreases postprandial serum glucose, serum insulin and plasma total ghrelin response in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance, Eur J Clin Nutr, vol.61, issue.3, pp.334-375, 2007.

L. Cloetens, W. F. Broekaert, Y. Delaedt, F. Ollevier, C. M. Courtin et al., Tolerance of arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides and their prebiotic activity in healthy subjects: a randomised, placebo-controlled cross-over study, Br J Nutr, vol.103, issue.5, pp.703-716, 2010.

K. C. Maki, G. R. Gibson, R. S. Dickmann, C. W. Kendall, C. Y. Chen et al., Digestive and physiologic effects of a wheat bran extract, arabino-xylanoligosaccharide, in breakfast cereal, Nutrition, vol.28, issue.11e12, pp.1115-1136, 2012.

I. E. Francois, O. Lescroart, W. S. Veraverbeke, M. Marzorati, S. Possemiers et al., Effects of a wheat bran extract containing arabinoxylan oligosaccharides on gastrointestinal health parameters in healthy adult human volunteers: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial, Br J Nutr, vol.108, issue.12, pp.2229-2271, 2012.

M. L. Hartvigsen, H. N. Laerke, A. Overgaard, J. J. Holst, K. E. Bach-knudsen et al., Postprandial effects of test meals including concentrated arabinoxylan and whole grain rye in subjects with the metabolic syndrome: a randomised study, Eur J Clin Nutr, vol.68, issue.5, pp.567-74, 2014.

M. L. Hartvigsen, S. Gregersen, H. N. Laerke, J. J. Holst, K. E. Bach-knudsen et al., Effects of concentrated arabinoxylan and beta-glucan compared with refined wheat and whole grain rye on glucose and appetite in subjects with the metabolic syndrome: a randomized study, Eur J Clin Nutr, vol.68, issue.1, pp.84-90, 2014.

D. W. Lafond, K. A. Greaves, K. C. Maki, H. J. Leidy, and D. R. Romsos, Effects of two dietary fibers as part of ready-to-eat cereal (RTEC) breakfasts on perceived appetite and gut hormones in overweight women, Nutrients, vol.7, issue.2, pp.1245-66, 2015.

G. Falchi, A. Grecchi, I. Muggia, C. Palladini, G. Perlini et al., Effects of a bioavailable arabinoxylan-enriched white bread flour on postprandial glucose response in normoglycemic subjects, J Diet Suppl, vol.13, issue.6, pp.626-659, 2016.

E. V. Boll, L. M. Ekstrom, C. M. Courtin, J. A. Delcour, A. C. Nilsson et al., Effects of wheat bran extract rich in arabinoxylan oligosaccharides and resistant starch on overnight glucose tolerance and markers of gut fermentation in healthy young adults, Eur J Nutr, vol.55, issue.4, pp.1661-70, 2016.

B. N. Salden, F. J. Troost, E. Wilms, P. Truchado, R. Vilchez-vargas et al., Reinforcement of intestinal epithelial barrier by arabinoxylans in overweight and obese subjects: a randomized controlled trial: arabinoxylans in gut barrier, Clin Nutr, vol.37, issue.2, pp.471-80, 2018.

L. Cloetens, D. Preter, V. Swennen, K. Broekaert, W. F. Courtin et al., Dose-response effect of arabinoxylooligosaccharides on gastrointestinal motility and on colonic bacterial metabolism in healthy volunteers, J Am Coll Nutr, vol.27, issue.4, pp.512-520, 2008.

L. Kjølbaek, A. Benítez-p-aez, E. M. Pulgar, L. K. Brahe, G. Liebisch et al., Arabinoxylan oligosaccharides and polyunsaturated fatty acid effects on gut microbiota and metabolic markers in overweight individuals with signs of metabolic syndrome: a randomized cross-over trial, Clin Nutr, vol.39, issue.1, pp.67-79, 2020.

, Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to konjac mannan (glucomannan) and reduction of body weight (ID 854, 1556, 3725), reduction of post-prandial glycaemic responses (ID 1559), maintenance of normal blood glucose concentrations (ID 835, 3724), maintenance of normal (fasting) blood concentrations of triglycerides (ID 3217), maintenance of normal blood cholesterol concentrations (ID 3100, 3217), maintenance of normal bowel function (ID 834, 1557, 3901) and decreasing potentially pathogenic gastro-intestinal microorganisms, EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products NaA, vol.8, pp.1798-825, 1924.

H. C. Davis, Can the gastrointestinal microbiota be modulated by dietary fibre to treat obesity?, Ir J Med Sci, vol.187, issue.2, pp.393-402, 2018.

A. J. Wanders, J. J. Van-den-borne, C. De-graaf, T. Hulshof, M. C. Jonathan et al., Effects of dietary fibre on subjective appetite, energy intake and body weight: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials, Obes Rev, vol.12, issue.9, pp.724-763, 2011.

S. V. Thompson, B. A. Hannon, R. An, and H. D. Holscher, Effects of isolated soluble fiber supplementation on body weight, glycemia, and insulinemia in adults with overweight and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, Am J Clin Nutr, vol.106, issue.6, pp.1514-1542, 2017.

N. J. Kellow, M. T. Coughlan, and C. M. Reid, Metabolic benefits of dietary prebiotics in human subjects: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials, Br J Nutr, vol.111, issue.7, pp.1147-61, 2014.

N. M. Delzenne, A. M. Neyrinck, and P. D. Cani, Modulation of the gut microbiota by nutrients with prebiotic properties: consequences for host health in the context of obesity and metabolic syndrome, Microb Cell Factories, vol.10, issue.1, p.10, 2011.

P. D. Cani, S. Possemiers, T. Van-de-wiele, Y. Guiot, E. A. Rottier et al., Changes in gut microbiota control inflammation in obese mice through a mechanism involving GLP-2-driven improvement of gut permeability, Gut, vol.58, issue.8, pp.1091-103, 2009.

C. Daubioul, N. Rousseau, R. Demeure, B. Gallez, H. Taper et al., Dietary fructans, but not cellulose, decrease triglyceride accumulation in the liver of obese Zucker fa/fa rats, J Nutr, vol.132, issue.5, pp.967-73, 2002.

P. D. Cani, E. Lecourt, E. M. Dewulf, F. M. Sohet, B. D. Pachikian et al., Gut microbiota fermentation of prebiotics increases satietogenic and incretin gut peptide production with consequences for appetite sensation and glucose response after a meal, Am J Clin Nutr, vol.90, issue.5, pp.1236-1279, 2009.

R. Barczynska, K. Bandurska, K. Slizewska, M. Litwin, M. Szalecki et al., Intestinal microbiota, obesity and prebiotics, Pol J Microbiol, vol.64, issue.2, pp.93-100, 2015.

H. Hauner, A. Bechthold, H. Boeing, A. Bronstrup, A. Buyken et al., Evidence-based guideline of the German Nutrition Society: carbohydrate intake and prevention of nutrition-related diseases, Ann Nutr Metab, vol.60, issue.1, pp.1-58, 2012.

A. Neyrinck, T. Lockett, D. Haller, and N. M. Delzenne, Microbiome and metabolic disorders related to obesity: which lessons to learn from experimental models?, Trends Food Sci Technol, vol.57, pp.256-64, 2016.

K. Swennen, G. Lindemans, and J. A. Delcour, Large-scale production and characterisation of wheat bran arabinoxylooligosaccharides, J Sci Food Agric, vol.86, pp.1722-1753, 2006.

B. Damen, L. Cloetens, W. F. Broekaert, I. Francois, O. Lescroart et al., Consumption of breads containing in situ-produced arabinoxylan oligosaccharides alters gastrointestinal effects in healthy volunteers, J Nutr, vol.142, issue.3, pp.470-477, 2012.

A. M. Neyrinck, D. Backer, F. Cani, P. D. Bindels, L. B. Stroobants et al., Immunomodulatory properties of two wheat bran fractions -aleuroneenriched and crude fractions -in obese mice fed a high fat diet, Int Immunopharmacol, vol.8, issue.10, pp.1423-1455, 2008.

A. M. Neyrinck, S. Possemiers, C. Druart, T. Van-de-wiele, D. Backer et al., Prebiotic effects of wheat arabinoxylan related to the increase in bifidobacteria, Roseburia and Bacteroides/Prevotella in diet-induced obese mice, PLoS One, vol.6, issue.6, p.20944, 2011.

A. M. Neyrinck, V. F. Van-hee, N. Piront, D. Backer, F. Toussaint et al., Wheat-derived arabinoxylan oligosaccharides with prebiotic effect increase satietogenic gut peptides and reduce metabolic endotoxemia in diet-induced obese mice, Nutr Diabetes, vol.2, p.28, 2012.

F. Suriano, L. B. Bindels, J. Verspreet, C. M. Courtin, K. Verbeke et al., Fat binding capacity and modulation of the gut microbiota both determine the effect of wheat bran fractions on adiposity, Sci Rep, vol.7, issue.1, p.5621, 2017.

S. Xiao, N. Fei, X. Pang, J. Shen, L. Wang et al., A gut microbiotatargeted dietary intervention for amelioration of chronic inflammation underlying metabolic syndrome, FEMS Microbiol Ecol, vol.87, issue.2, pp.357-67, 2014.

S. Devriese, V. Eeckhaut, A. Geirnaert, L. Van-den-bossche, P. Hindryckx et al., Reduced mucosa-associated Butyricicoccus activity in patients with ulcerative colitis correlates with aberrant claudin-1 expression, J Crohns Colitis, vol.11, issue.2, pp.229-265, 2017.

A. M. Neyrinck, S. Hiel, C. Bouzin, V. G. Campayo, P. D. Cani et al., Wheat-derived arabinoxylan oligosaccharides with bifidogenic properties abolishes metabolic disorders induced by western diet in mice, Nutr Diabetes, vol.8, issue.1, p.15, 2018.

A. Benitez-paez, G. Del-pulgar, E. M. Sanz, and Y. , The glycolytic versatility of Bacteroides uniformise CECT 7771 and its genome response to oligo and polysaccharides, Front Cell Infect Microbiol, vol.7, p.383, 2017.

P. D. Cani, C. Knauf, M. A. Iglesias, D. J. Drucker, N. M. Delzenne et al., Improvement of glucose tolerance and hepatic insulin sensitivity by oligofructose requires a functional glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor, Diabetes, vol.55, issue.5, pp.1484-90, 2006.

P. D. Cani, C. Dewever, and N. M. Delzenne, Inulin-type fructans modulate gastrointestinal peptides involved in appetite regulation (glucagon-like peptide-1 and ghrelin) in rats, Br J Nutr, vol.92, issue.3, pp.521-527, 2004.

P. D. Cani, A. M. Neyrinck, N. Maton, and N. M. Delzenne, Oligofructose promotes satiety in rats fed a high-fat diet: involvement of glucagon-like Peptide-1, Obes Res, vol.13, issue.6, pp.1000-1007, 2005.

E. S. Chambers, A. Viardot, A. Psichas, D. J. Morrison, K. G. Murphy et al., Effects of targeted delivery of propionate to the human colon on appetite regulation, body weight maintenance and adiposity in overweight adults, Gut, vol.64, issue.11, pp.1744-54, 2015.

P. D. Cani, J. Amar, M. A. Iglesias, M. Poggi, C. Knauf et al., Metabolic endotoxemia initiates obesity and insulin resistance, Diabetes, vol.56, issue.7, pp.1761-72, 2007.

L. B. Bindels, R. Beck, O. Schakman, J. C. Martin, D. Backer et al., Restoring specific lactobacilli levels decreases inflammation and muscle atrophy markers in an acute leukemia mouse model, PLoS One, vol.7, issue.6, p.37971, 2012.

F. Backhed, H. Ding, T. Wang, L. V. Hooper, G. Y. Koh et al., The gut microbiota as an environmental factor that regulates fat storage, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, vol.101, issue.44, pp.15718-15741, 2004.

L. Aronsson, Y. Huang, P. Parini, M. Korach-andre, J. Hakansson et al., Decreased fat storage by Lactobacillus paracasei is associated with increased levels of angiopoietin-like 4 protein (ANGPTL4), PLoS One, vol.5, issue.9, 2010.

S. Mandard, F. Zandbergen, E. Van-straten, W. Wahli, F. Kuipers et al., The fasting-induced adipose factor/angiopoietin-like protein 4 is physically associated with lipoproteins and governs plasma lipid levels and adiposity, J Biol Chem, vol.281, issue.2, pp.934-978, 2006.

G. E. Walton, C. Lu, I. Trogh, F. Arnaut, and G. R. Gibson, A randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled cross-over study to determine the gastrointestinal effects of consumption of arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides enriched bread in healthy volunteers, Nutr J, vol.11, p.36, 2012.

A. Koh, D. Vadder, F. Kovatcheva-datchary, P. Backhed, and F. , From dietary fiber to host physiology: short-chain fatty acids as key bacterial metabolites, Cell, vol.165, issue.6, pp.1332-1377, 2016.

K. Windey, I. Francois, W. Broekaert, D. Preter, V. Delcour et al., High dose of prebiotics reduces fecal water cytotoxicity in healthy subjects, Mol Nutr Food Res, vol.58, issue.11, pp.2206-2224, 2014.

K. Windey, D. Preter, V. Huys, G. Broekaert, W. F. Delcour et al., Wheat bran extract alters colonic fermentation and microbial composition, but does not affect faecal water toxicity: a randomised controlled trial in healthy subjects, Br J Nutr, vol.113, issue.2, pp.225-263, 2015.

K. Portune, A. M. Davila, D. Tome, F. Blachier, and Y. Sanz, Gut microbiota role in dietary protein metabolism and health-related outcomes: the two sides of the coin, Trends Food Sci Technol, vol.57, pp.213-245, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01488443

A. Mika, P. Stepnowski, L. Kaska, M. Proczko, P. Wisniewski et al., A comprehensive study of serum odd-and branched-chain fatty acids in patients with excess weight, Obesity (Silver Spring), vol.24, issue.8, pp.1669-76, 2016.

X. Su, F. Magkos, D. Zhou, J. C. Eagon, E. Fabbrini et al., Adipose tissue monomethyl branched-chain fatty acids and insulin sensitivity: effects of obesity and weight loss, Obesity (Silver Spring), vol.23, issue.2, pp.329-363, 2015.

E. Heimann, M. Nyman, A. K. Palbrink, K. Lindkvist-petersson, and E. Degerman, Branched short-chain fatty acids modulate glucose and lipid metabolism in primary adipocytes, Adipocyte, vol.5, issue.4, pp.359-68, 2016.

M. Andriamihaja, A. Lan, M. Beaumont, M. Audebert, X. Wong et al., The deleterious metabolic and genotoxic effects of the bacterial metabolite p-cresol on colonic epithelial cells, Free Radic Biol Med, vol.85, pp.219-246, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01568625

R. Poesen, P. Evenepoel, H. De-loor, J. A. Delcour, C. M. Courtin et al., The influence of prebiotic arabinoxylan oligosaccharides on microbiota derived uremic retention solutes in patients with chronic kidney disease: a randomized controlled trial, PLoS One, vol.11, issue.4, p.153893, 2016.

C. E. Cho and M. A. Caudill, Trimethylamine-N-Oxide: friend, foe, or simply caught in the cross-fire?, Trends Endocrinol Metabol, vol.28, issue.2, pp.121-151, 2017.

S. H. Duncan, W. R. Russell, A. Quartieri, M. Rossi, J. Parkhill et al., Wheat bran promotes enrichment within the human colonic microbiota of butyrate-producing bacteria that release ferulic acid, Environ Microbiol, vol.18, issue.7, pp.2214-2239, 2016.

A. Benítez-p-aez, L. Kjølbaek, E. M. Pulgar, L. K. Brahe, A. Astrup et al., A multi-omics approach to unravelling the microbiomemediated effects of arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides in overweight humans, Microbiome, vol.7, 2019.

S. Lockyer and S. Stanner, Dietary fibre and the prevention of chronic disease e should health professionals be doing more to raise awareness?, Nutr Bull, vol.41, p.3, 2016.

, EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products NaA. Scientific opinion on dietary reference values for carbohydrates and dietary fibre, EFSA J, vol.8, 1462.

, Scientific advisory committee on nutrition of United Kingdom. Carbohydrates and health, 2015.

, Nordic Council of Ministers. Nordic dietary surveys, 2012.

, United States Department of Agriculture. Diatery guidelines for Americans eighth edition, 2015.

, National Health and Medical Research Council. Nutrient reference values for Australia and New Zealand, 2006.