Rapid early growth is considered as a risk factor for obesity later in life. Breastfeeding is associated with slower growth in the first months of life, but the complementary diet of non- exclusively breastfed infants remains poorly considered. Our objective was to analyze the links between infant diet during the first year and growth up to 18 months. Analyses included 8315 infants from the Elfe birth cohort. Infants were grouped into clusters using hierarchical clustering according to infant diet characteristics (breastfeeding duration, introduction of infant formula, main food groups and unmixed foods). Association between clusters and weight, height and BMI between 6 and 18 months was analyzed by linear regressions adjusted on confounding factors, including parental BMI and 2-month infant weight. Six groups of infants were identified: “intermediate complementary feeding introduction (CF)”, “late CF/intermediate breastfeeding duration (BF)”, “late CF/long BF”, “intermediate CF but early sweetened beverages introduction”, “early CF” and “early CF but late cow's milk and sweetened beverages introduction”. Considering the “intermediate CF” group as the reference, weight and height were lower from 6 to 18 months in the two late CF groups (with greater effect sizes for the one with longer BF) and weight was higher in the “intermediate CF but early sweetened beverages introduction” group and “early CF” group. BMI was lower only in the group associated with longer breastfeeding. These results confirm the association between breastfeeding and early growth, while clarifying the important role of complementary feeding for shortly breastfed infants.