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            <funder>Région Provence Alpes Côte d’AzurFrench Institute for Applied Research and Experimentation in Civil Engineering (IREX)National Research Agency under grant 0594C0115 (ANR-ERINOH)</funder>
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                <term xml:lang="en">piping</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">ZABR</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">hydraulic works</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">rate of erosion</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">critical shear stress</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">cohesive soils</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">experimental study</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">internal erosion</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">érosion interne</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">renard hydraulique</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">étude expérimentale</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">sols cohésifs</term>
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              <p>Internal erosion by piping is one of the common causes of failure of embankment dams and dykes. This phenomenon occurs when preferential flow paths develop in the earthfill or foundation; through these water flows, carrying away particles of soil and leading to the formation and the evolution of a continuous ‘pipe’ between the upstream and the downstream side. A series of hole erosion tests were conducted on cohesive soils in order to quantify critical shear stress and the coefficient of erosion: white kaolinite, proclay kaolinite and a hostun sand/proclay kaolinite mixture. The effects of compaction energy, moisture content, degree of saturation and the percentage of fines were investigated. The experimental results show that these parameters play a key role in the erosion characteristics.</p>
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              <p>L’érosion de conduit est l’une des causes les plus fréquentes de rupture des barrages en remblai et digues. Ce phénomène se produit lorsqu’un chemin préférentiel d’écoulement se développe dans le remblai ou la fondation et à travers lequel l’eau s’écoule en arrachant et transportant les particules de sol à l’extérieur de l’ouvrage, conduisant ainsi à la formation et l’évolution continue d’un conduit entre l’amont et l’aval. Une série d’essais d’érosion de trou a été menée sur des sols cohérents afin de quantifier la contrainte critique d’érosion et le coefficient d’érosion: Kaolinite Blanche, Kaolinite Proclay et mélange sable d’Hostun/Kaolinte Proclay. L’influence de la teneur en eau, du degré de saturation, de l’énergie de compactage, et du pourcentage des fines a été étudiée. Les résultats expérimentaux montrent que ces paramètres jouent un rôle clé sur les caractéristiques d’érosion.</p>
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