An accurate data collection on the planting of pesticide-treated seeds (PTSs) is key to facilitate benefit vs. risk assessment of this practice. Only little is known on the awareness level of French arable farmers with regard to this practice. We carried out a questionnaire survey among French arable farmers practicing conventional farming in the Grand-Est region. A total of 153 answers were obtained. We found that, almost all (88%) respondents planted PTSs and that only 24% performed seed treatment by themselves. Over 70% of farmers experienced crop emergence losses but only 34% thought that it was due to biotic stresses. Most farmers (71%) were aware about the type of pesticides used on their seed but only 19% had a good knowledge about the active ingredients used for seed treatment. Solely 59% of the respondents systematically used protective equipments while treating seeds or handling PTSs. Only 50% of farmers thought that the planting of PTSs improves the crop establishment quality and yield. The awareness level of French farmers should be further improved, in terms of real risks vs. benefits of seed treatment and the planting of PTSs.