Food environments have been evolving rapidly in lower-middle-income countries. Nevertheless, little is known about the impact of these changes on diet quality. Thanks to the availability of detailed data on Vietnamese household consumption, this chapter presents a set of first results on the association between food sources and diet quality. These results highlight the contrasts between three Vietnamese districts located on an urban to rural gradient. We used recent advances in compositional data analysis to take into account the compositional nature of the share data describing the different food sources: principal balances as a tool for summarizing information carried by share data and techniques to deal with observed zero-valued shares.