Effects of Nutrient Management Scenarios on Marine Food Webs: A Pan-European Assessment in Support of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive
Chiara Piroddi
(1)
,
Ekin Akoglu
(2)
,
Eider Andonegi
(3)
,
Jacob Bentley
(4, 5)
,
Igor Celić
(6)
,
Marta Coll
(7)
,
Donna Dimarchopoulou
(8, 9)
,
René Friedland
(10)
,
Kim de Mutsert
(11, 12)
,
Raphael Girardin
(13)
,
Elisa Garcia-Gorriz
(10)
,
Bruna Grizzetti
(10)
,
Pierre‐yves Hernvann
(14, 15, 16)
,
Johanna Heymans
(17)
,
Bärbel Müller-Karulis
(18)
,
Simone Libralato
(6)
,
Christopher Lynam
,
Diego Macias
(19)
,
Jeroen Steenbeek
(20)
,
Svetla Miladinova
(10)
,
Fabien Moullec
(21)
,
Andreas Palialexis
(10)
,
Athanassios Tsikliras
(22)
,
Ove Parn
(10)
,
Natalia Serpetti
(6, 23)
,
Cosimo Solidoro
(6)
,
Adolf Stips
(10)
,
Maciej Tomczak
(18)
,
Morgane Travers-Trolet
(24)
1
JRC -
European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra]
2 IMS - Institute of Marine Sciences [Erdemli-Mersin]
3 METU - Middle East Technical University [Ankara]
4 UNEP-WCMC - UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre
5 SAC - School of Anthropology and Conservation [University of Kent]
6 OGS - National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics
7 Marine Sciences Institute of Andalusia, Spanish Council for Scientific Research. ICMAN (CSIC)
8 Laboratory of Ichthyology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessalonik
9 Department of Fisheries, Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of the Environment and Life Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston
10 JRC - European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Geel]
11 Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, USA
12 School of Marine Science and Ocean Engineering
13 LRHBL - Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques de Boulogne
14 ESE - Écologie et santé des écosystèmes
15 STH - Unité Sciences et Technologies Halieutiques
16 UC Santa Cruz - University of California [Santa Cruz]
17 European Marine Board
18 Baltic Sea Centre
19 Lowestoft Laboratory
20 Ecopath International Initiative Research Association
21 CEN - Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability
22 aboratory of Ichthyology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessalonik
23 SAMS - Scottish Association for Marine Science
24 EMH - Unité Écologie et Modèles pour l'Halieutique
2 IMS - Institute of Marine Sciences [Erdemli-Mersin]
3 METU - Middle East Technical University [Ankara]
4 UNEP-WCMC - UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre
5 SAC - School of Anthropology and Conservation [University of Kent]
6 OGS - National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics
7 Marine Sciences Institute of Andalusia, Spanish Council for Scientific Research. ICMAN (CSIC)
8 Laboratory of Ichthyology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessalonik
9 Department of Fisheries, Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of the Environment and Life Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston
10 JRC - European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Geel]
11 Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, USA
12 School of Marine Science and Ocean Engineering
13 LRHBL - Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques de Boulogne
14 ESE - Écologie et santé des écosystèmes
15 STH - Unité Sciences et Technologies Halieutiques
16 UC Santa Cruz - University of California [Santa Cruz]
17 European Marine Board
18 Baltic Sea Centre
19 Lowestoft Laboratory
20 Ecopath International Initiative Research Association
21 CEN - Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability
22 aboratory of Ichthyology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessalonik
23 SAMS - Scottish Association for Marine Science
24 EMH - Unité Écologie et Modèles pour l'Halieutique
Bruna Grizzetti
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 774884
- ORCID : 0000-0002-6223-7519
Pierre‐yves Hernvann
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1158198
- ORCID : 0000-0002-0369-7857
Christopher Lynam
- Fonction : Auteur
Résumé
Eutrophication is one of the most important anthropogenic pressures impacting coastal seas. In Europe, several legislations and management measures have been implemented to halt nutrient overloading in marine ecosystems. This study evaluates the impact of freshwater nutrient control measures on higher trophic levels (HTL) in European marine ecosystems following descriptors and criteria as defined by the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). We used a novel pan-European marine modeling ensemble of fourteen HTL models, covering almost all the EU seas, under two nutrient management scenarios. Results from our projections suggest that the proposed nutrient reduction measures may not have a significant impact on the structure and function of European marine ecosystems. Among the assessed criteria, the spawning stock biomass of commercially important fish stocks and the biomass of small pelagic fishes would be the most impacted, albeit with values lower than 2.5%. For the other criteria/indicators, such as species diversity and trophic level indicators, the impact was lower. The Black Sea and the North-East Atlantic were the most negatively impacted regions, while the Baltic Sea was the only region showing signs of improvement. Coastal and shelf areas were more sensitive to environmental changes than large regional and sub-regional ecosystems that also include open seas. This is the first pan-European multi-model comparison study used to assess the impacts of land-based measures on marine and coastal European ecosystems through a set of selected ecological indicators. Since anthropogenic pressures are expanding apace in the marine environment and policy makers need to use rapid and effective policy measures for fast-changing environments, this modeling framework is an essential asset in supporting and guiding EU policy needs and decisions.