Next‐generation biological control: the need for integrating genetics and genomics
Kelley Leung
(1)
,
Erica Ras
(2)
,
Kim Ferguson
(3)
,
Simone Ariëns
(4)
,
Dirk Babendreier
(5)
,
Piter Bijma
(3)
,
Kostas Bourtzis
(2)
,
Jacques Brodeur
(6)
,
Margreet Bruins
(3)
,
Alejandra Centurión
(4)
,
Sophie Chattington
(4)
,
Milena Chinchilla‐ramírez
(7)
,
Marcel Dicke
(3)
,
Nina Fatouros
(3)
,
Joel González‐cabrera
(8)
,
Thomas Groot
(9)
,
Tim Haye
(5)
,
Markus Knapp
(9)
,
Panagiota Koskinioti
(2)
,
Sophie Le Hesran
(3, 9)
,
Manolis Lyrakis
(10, 11)
,
Angeliki Paspati
(7)
,
Meritxell Pérez‐hedo
(7)
,
Wouter Plouvier
(12)
,
Christian Schlötterer
(13)
,
Judith Stahl
(5, 14)
,
Andra Thiel
(15)
,
Alberto Urbaneja
(7)
,
Louis Zande
(1)
,
Eveline Verhulst
,
Louise Vet
(3)
,
Sander Visser
(16, 17)
,
John Werren
(18)
,
Shuwen Xia
(3)
,
Bas Zwaan
(3)
,
Sara Magalhães
(19)
,
Leo Beukeboom
(20)
,
Bart Pannebakker
(3)
1
University of Groningen [Groningen]
2 Vienna International Centre
3 WUR - Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen]
4 University of Bremen
5 CABI Europe Switzerland
6 UdeM - Université de Montréal
7 IVIA - Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias - Institut Valencià d'Investigacions Agraries - Valencian Institute for agricultural Research
8 UV - Universitat de València
9 Koppert Biological Systems
10 Vetmeduni Vienna
11 VGSF - Vienna Graduate School of Finance
12 ISA - Institut Sophia Agrobiotech
13 Institut für Populationsgenetik [Vienna]
14 UC Berkeley - University of California [Berkeley]
15 Universität Bremen
16 BIOLOGY CENTRE CAS - Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences
17 CENAKVA - South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses [University of South Bohemia]
18 University of Rochester [USA]
19 ULISBOA - Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon
20 University of Groningen - Department of Mathematics
2 Vienna International Centre
3 WUR - Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen]
4 University of Bremen
5 CABI Europe Switzerland
6 UdeM - Université de Montréal
7 IVIA - Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias - Institut Valencià d'Investigacions Agraries - Valencian Institute for agricultural Research
8 UV - Universitat de València
9 Koppert Biological Systems
10 Vetmeduni Vienna
11 VGSF - Vienna Graduate School of Finance
12 ISA - Institut Sophia Agrobiotech
13 Institut für Populationsgenetik [Vienna]
14 UC Berkeley - University of California [Berkeley]
15 Universität Bremen
16 BIOLOGY CENTRE CAS - Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences
17 CENAKVA - South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses [University of South Bohemia]
18 University of Rochester [USA]
19 ULISBOA - Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon
20 University of Groningen - Department of Mathematics
Kelley Leung
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Marcel Dicke
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 769394
- ORCID : 0000-0001-8565-8896
- IdRef : 107963310
Eveline Verhulst
- Fonction : Auteur
Sara Magalhães
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- PersonId : 763396
- ORCID : 0000-0002-8609-7768
- IdRef : 178876607
Résumé
Biological control is widely successful at controlling pests, but effective biocontrol agents are now more difficult to import from countries of origin due to more restrictive international trade laws (the Nagoya Protocol). Coupled with increasing demand, the efficacy of existing and new biocontrol agents needs to be improved with genetic and genomic approaches. Although they have been underutilised in the past, application of genetic and genomic techniques is becoming more feasible from both technological and economic perspectives. We review current methods and provide a framework for using them. First, it is necessary to identify which biocontrol trait to select and in what direction. Next, the genes or markers linked to these traits need be determined, including how to implement this information into a selective breeding program. Choosing a trait can be assisted by modelling to account for the proper agro-ecological context, and by knowing which traits have sufficiently high heritability values. We provide guidelines for designing genomic strategies in biocontrol programs, which depend on the organism, budget, and desired objective. Genomic approaches start with genome sequencing and assembly. We provide a guide for deciding the most successful sequencing strategy for biocontrol agents. Gene discovery involves quantitative trait loci analyses, transcriptomic and proteomic studies, and gene editing. Improving biocontrol practices includes marker-assisted selection, genomic selection and microbiome manipulation of biocontrol agents, and monitoring for genetic variation during rearing and post-release. We conclude by identifying the most promising applications of genetic and genomic methods to improve biological control efficacy.
