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Article Dans Une Revue Diabetes Année : 2021

Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells Shape a Transmissible Gut Microbiota that Protects from Metabolic Diseases

Résumé

Excess of chronic contact between microbial motifs and intestinal immune cells are known to trigger a low-grade inflammation involved in many pathologies such as obesity and diabetes.The important skewing of intestinal adaptive immunity in the context of diet-induced obesity (DIO) is well described but how dendritic cells (DCs) participate to these changes is still poorly documented. To address this question, transgenic mice with enhanced DCs lifespan and immunogenicity (DChBcl-2 mice) are challenged with a high-fat diet. Those mice display resistance to DIO and metabolic alterations. The DIO-resistant phenotype is associated with healthier parameters of intestinal barrier function and lower intestinal inflammation. DChBcl-2 DIO-resistant mice demonstrate a particular increase in tolerogenic DC numbers and function which is associated with strong intestinal IgA, Th17, and T regulatory immune responses. Microbiota composition and function analyses reveal that the DChBcl-2 mice microbiota is characterized by lower immunogenicity and enhanced butyrate production. Cohousing experiments and fecal microbial transplantations are sufficient to transfer the DIO resistance status to WT mice demonstrating that maintenance of DCs tolerogenic ability sustains a microbiota able to drive DIO resistance. DCs tolerogenic function is revealed as a new potent target in metabolic disease management.

Dates et versions

hal-03252103 , version 1 (07-06-2021)

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Emelyne Lécuyer, Tiphaine Le Roy, Aurélie Gestin, Amélie Lacombe, Catherine Philippe, et al.. Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells Shape a Transmissible Gut Microbiota that Protects from Metabolic Diseases. Diabetes, 2021, 70 (9), p. 2067-2080. ⟨10.2337/db20-1177⟩. ⟨hal-03252103⟩
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