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                <title xml:lang="en">Valorising a diversity of biomasses to meet the technical, environmental and societal challenges of ruminant farming</title>
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                  <title>26. Rencontres autour des Recherches sur les Ruminants (3R 2022)</title>
                  <date type="start">2022-12-07</date>
                  <date type="end">2022-12-08</date>
                  <settlement>Paris</settlement>
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                  <publisher>Institut de l'élevage</publisher>
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              <p>- Through the importance of the surface area used (more than half of the French agricultural area) andthe import of part of the protein-rich feedstuffs, ruminant feed is at the heart of the technical, economic,environmental and societal challenges facing livestock farming. Climate change is already affecting foragecalendars and available feed resources. Faced with these challenges, many levers exist either to adapt existingresources or to develop new ones. They are based on the adaptation of grasslands (introduction of speciesresilient to climate change) and their management, the use of cereal-legume intercrops, summer catch crops, C4photosynthetic plants and the development of agroforestry. The diversification of cropping systems madenecessary by the reduction of synthetic fertilisers and pesticides should provide new resources for livestock farming(forage and seed legumes, intercropping). New technological processes, such as the bio-refining of fodder, offerprospects, as does better use of the co-products of the agri-food industry. The use of insects as a source of proteinis not yet authorized for ruminant farming in the EU. The use of algae raises the question of the volumes needed tofeed ruminants, but they offer prospects as feed additives to reduce enteric methane emissions. Characterisingthese new feed resources raises many research and development questions. This requires a sufficient amount ofnew data obtained from in vivo reference feed evaluation methods to be able to strengthen the databases used forfeed value tables and prediction tools.</p>
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              <p>À travers l’importance des surfaces valorisées (plus de la moitié de la surface agricole française) etl’importation d’une partie des matières premières riches en protéines, l’alimentation des ruminants est au cœur desenjeux techniques, économiques, environnementaux et sociétaux des élevages. Le changement climatique affectedéjà les calendriers fourragers et les ressources alimentaires disponibles. Face à ces enjeux, de nombreux leviersexistent soit pour adapter les ressources existantes soit pour développer de nouvelles ressources. Ils reposentnotamment sur l’adaptation des prairies (introduction d’espèces résilientes au changement climatique) et de leurgestion, l’utilisation des mélanges céréales-protéagineux, des dérobées estivales, des plantes à photosynthèse enC4 et le développement de l’agroforesterie. La diversification des systèmes de cultures rendue nécessaire par laréduction des engrais et pesticides de synthèse devrait fournir de nouvelles ressources à l’élevage (légumineusesfourragères et à graines, intercultures). De nouveaux procédés technologiques, comme le bio-raffinage offrent desperspectives comme une meilleure valorisation des coproduits des industries agroalimentaires. L’utilisation desinsectes comme source protéique n’est pas encore autorisée en élevage de ruminants dans l’UE. Celle des alguespose la question des volumes nécessaires pour alimenter des ruminants, mais elles offrent des perspectives entant qu’additifs alimentaires pour réduire les émissions de méthane entérique. Caractériser ces nouvellesressources alimentaires pose de nombreuses questions de recherche et de développement. Cela nécessite decollecter un nombre suffisant de nouvelles données par les méthodes de référence d’évaluation des aliments invivo pour conforter les bases de données, construire les tables de valeur alimentaire et développer les outils deprévision.</p>
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