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Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2022

Effects of antioxidant supplementation on functions of mammary and immune cells in dairy cows

Résumé

In early lactation, dairy cows are highly susceptible to pathologies. This sensitivity may be due to dysfunctions of both inflammatory and antioxidant status of dairy cows linked to physiologic upheaval to produce milk. Dairy cows metabolisms change with increasing demands for energy and oxygen, which is a main cause of a decrease in antioxidant status through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). At the same time, excess ROS induces destabilisation of immune cells. An inflammatory state caused by oxidative stress is associated with a decrease in milk production. This review focuses on the knowledge linked to the effects of antioxidant supplementation on cellular functions of mammary tissue and the immune system in dairy cows. This nutritional strategy could reduce ROS production. Indeed, many studies performed in vitro and in vivo have proved that polyphenols (flavonoïds, resveratrol, lignans), vitamins (A, B, C, D, E) and minerals (selenium) show promising results to rebalance immune and antioxidant status at both systemic and local levels, especially in the mammary tissue. The supplementation of antioxidants can upregulate the Nrf2 signalling pathway and simultaneously downregulate NF-κB pathway, which is a major signalling pathway involved in the synthesis of several proinflammatory factors. The amplified Nrf2 cellular pathway increase the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes and reduce the stimulation of the NF-κB pathway. When NF-κB is inhibited by the antioxidants, the synthesis of pro-inflammatory molecules decrease. The regulation of these two cellular pathways can restore immune and antioxidant status. In addition, vitamins and minerals can participate in the capture of ROS by direct interaction. The rebalance of the immune and antioxidant status of mammary tissue results in a stabilisation or an increase in milk production and can reduce the somatic cell count in milk. A diet enriched with antioxidants can maintain the metabolic balance of dairy cows.
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Dates et versions

hal-03938464 , version 1 (13-01-2023)

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  • HAL Id : hal-03938464 , version 1

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Angélique Corset, Anne Boudon, Pierre Germon, A. Baldi, Marion Boutinaud. Effects of antioxidant supplementation on functions of mammary and immune cells in dairy cows. 73. Annual meeting of the european federation of animal science (EAAP), EAAP, Sep 2022, Porto, Portugal. pp.635. ⟨hal-03938464⟩
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