Assessment of BAT combinations on the reduction of gas emitted by pig production
Résumé
Ammonia emitted by piggeries could be reduced by the implementation of best available techniques (BAT) whose effectiveness has already been demonstrated on husbandry, manure storage or slurry spreading. However, their implementation on one stage may affect the emission on the following stages, modifying the global effectiveness and the relative interest at the farm scale. The aim of this study is to measure the effectiveness of different BAT combinations in eight pig systems during two climate conditions. Four fattening rooms were studied, each of it housing 60 pigs: two rooms with frequent slurry removal (gravity and flushing, respectively), one room equipped with a bioscrubber and the control with slurry storage underneath the pigs and no air treatment. The slurry was discharged from each room into two external tanks, one being covered. At each stage, gaseous emissions (NH3, N2O) were measured and slurry mass balances performed. The potential of volatilization during spreading was measured in laboratory conditions. After storage, the implantation of BAT led to a global reduction of 8 to 62% in comparison to the control. The effectiveness of BAT implemented on the building stage was reduced by 10% with no storage cover. On the contrary, covering storage increased the efficiency by 10%. Including the spreading stage, favorable conditions to ammonia emission still reduce the benefit of BATs between -2 to -26% compared to the control. In some cases, this benefit may even be cancelled. BAT combinations are useful in order to maximize the conservation of nitrogen and therefore its recycling.