Diversity and spatial arrangement of cultivars influences bee pollination and yields in southern highbush blueberry Vaccinium corymbosum x darrowii - INRAE - Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Scientia Horticulturae Année : 2024

Diversity and spatial arrangement of cultivars influences bee pollination and yields in southern highbush blueberry Vaccinium corymbosum x darrowii

Résumé

Bees can facilitate cross-pollination in crops by moving pollen between distinct crop genotypes or cultivars, with pollination success dependent on both bee behavior and planting arrangement. Previous research suggests that bees forage primarily along crop rows, and deposit pollen relatively close to its source, which suggests that crosspollination would be enhanced by mixing cultivars within crop rows at relatively fine spatial scales. However, minimal research has explored how bee-mediated cross-pollination is influenced by cultivar diversity and planting arrangement. In this study, we examined the effects of cultivar diversity and planting arrangement on bee-mediated cross-pollination in southern highbush blueberry. We used potted plants to create three arrangements including 1) single cultivar, 2) mixed cultivars across rows, and 3) mixed cultivars within rows, and observed bee visitation rates and behaviors across arrangements, and measured the number of fruit and fruit mass per flower across selected branches as indicators of pollination success and yield over two years. While the number of fruit was not affected by planting arrangement, fruit mass was highest in the mixed-within rows arrangement, 39 % higher than in the single cultivar arrangement. Mixing cultivars across rows resulted in intermediate fruit mass, which was 21 % higher than in the single cultivar arrangement. Additionally, we found that both bumble bees and honey bees were twice as likely to move between cultivars when cultivars were mixed within rows as compared to across rows. These results were further supported by a greenhouse experiment showing fruit mass per flower was higher with cross as compared to self-pollination by 20-38 % depending on pollen donor. Combined, data show that blueberries benefit from cross-pollination and mixed cultivar plantings and suggest that yields are optimized when cultivars are mixed within rows due to greater cross-cultivar movement by bees.
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Dates et versions

hal-04630842 , version 1 (01-07-2024)

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Rachel Mallinger, Stan Chabert, Shiala Morales Naranjo, Victoria Vo. Diversity and spatial arrangement of cultivars influences bee pollination and yields in southern highbush blueberry Vaccinium corymbosum x darrowii. Scientia Horticulturae, 2024, 335, pp.113321. ⟨10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113321⟩. ⟨hal-04630842⟩
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