For millennia, fermented dairy products, such as yogurts and other fermented milks, produced from cow's or other mammalian milk, have been an important part of the human diet. The principle of yogurt and fermented milk production lies in the fermentation by lactic acid bacteria of milk sugar, lactose, into lactic acid. Maintaining a healthy body weight is a key determinant in the prevention of cardiometabolic diseases. In this regard, virtually all studies investigating the relationship between yogurt consumption and body composition have observed a favorable association. Fermented dairy products are appreciated for their organoleptic and health benefits. Over the past 20 years, alternatives to yogurts have appeared in supermarkets, notably fermented soy-based products. It is also possible that the allergenicity of proteins can be modulated by the interactions formed between proteins during the preparation of mixes before fermentation, and by the “predigestion” of proteins during fermentation by lactic acid bacteria.