Journal Articles Nature Ecology & Evolution Year : 2024

The global distribution and drivers of wood density and their impact on forest carbon stocks

Lidong Mo (1) , Thomas Crowther (1) , Daniel Maynard (1) , Johan van den Hoogen (1) , Haozhi Ma (1) , Lalasia Bialic-Murphy (1) , Jingjing Liang , Sergio De-Miguel , Gert-Jan Nabuurs , Peter Reich , Oliver Phillips , Meinrad Abegg , Yves Adou Yao , Giorgio Alberti , Angelica Almeyda Zambrano , Braulio Vilchez Alvarado , Esteban Alvarez-Dávila , Patricia Alvarez-Loayza , Luciana Alves , Iêda Amaral , Christian Ammer , Clara Antón-Fernández , Alejandro Araujo-Murakami , Luzmila Arroyo , Valerio Avitabile , Gerardo Aymard , Timothy Baker , Radomir Bałazy , Olaf Banki , Jorcely Barroso , Meredith Bastian , Jean-Francois Bastin , Luca Birigazzi , Philippe Birnbaum (2) , Robert Bitariho , Pascal Boeckx , Frans Bongers , Coline Boonman , Olivier Bouriaud , Pedro Brancalion , Susanne Brandl , Francis Brearley , Roel Brienen , Eben Broadbent , Helge Bruelheide , Filippo Bussotti , Roberto Cazzolla Gatti , Ricardo César , Goran Cesljar , Robin Chazdon , Han Chen , Chelsea Chisholm , Hyunkook Cho , Emil Cienciala , Connie Clark , David Clark , Gabriel Colletta , David Coomes , Fernando Cornejo Valverde , José Corral-Rivas , Philip Crim , Jonathan Cumming , Selvadurai Dayanandan , André de Gasper , Mathieu Decuyper , Géraldine Derroire , Ben Devries , Ilija Djordjevic , Jiri Dolezal , Aurélie Dourdain , Nestor Laurier Engone Obiang , Brian Enquist , Teresa Eyre , Adandé Belarmain Fandohan , Tom Fayle , Ted Feldpausch , Leandro Ferreira , Leena Finér , Markus Fischer , Christine Fletcher , Lorenzo Frizzera , Javier Gamarra , Damiano Gianelle , Henry Glick , David Harris , Andrew Hector , Andreas Hemp , Geerten Hengeveld , Bruno Hérault , John Herbohn , Martin Herold , Peter Hietz , Annika Hillers , Eurídice Honorio Coronado , Cang Hui , Thomas Ibanez (2) , Nobuo Imai , Andrzej Jagodziński , Bogdan Jaroszewicz , Vivian Kvist Johannsen , Carlos Joly , Tommaso Jucker , Ilbin Jung , Viktor Karminov , Kuswata Kartawinata , Elizabeth Kearsley , David Kenfack , Deborah Kennard , Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas , Gunnar Keppel , Mohammed Latif Khan , Timothy Killeen , Hyun Seok Kim , Kanehiro Kitayama , Michael Köhl , Henn Korjus , Florian Kraxner , Dmitry Kucher , Diana Laarmann , Mait Lang , Simon Lewis , Yuanzhi Li , Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez , Huicui Lu , Natalia Lukina , Brian Maitner , Yadvinder Malhi , Eric Marcon (3, 2) , Beatriz Schwantes Marimon , Ben Hur Marimon-Junior , Andrew Marshall , Emanuel Martin , James Mccarthy , Jorge Meave , Omar Melo-Cruz , Casimiro Mendoza , Irina Mendoza-Polo , Stanislaw Miscicki , Cory Merow , Abel Monteagudo Mendoza , Vanessa Moreno , Sharif Mukul , Philip Mundhenk , María Guadalupe Nava-Miranda , David Neill , Victor Neldner , Radovan Nevenic , Michael Ngugi , Pascal Niklaus , Petr Ontikov , Edgar Ortiz-Malavasi , Yude Pan , Alain Paquette , Alexander Parada-Gutierrez , Elena Parfenova , Minjee Park , Marc Parren , Narayanaswamy Parthasarathy , Pablo Peri , Sebastian Pfautsch , Nicolas Picard , Maria Teresa F. Piedade , Daniel Piotto , Nigel Pitman , Lourens Poorter , Axel Dalberg Poulsen , John Poulsen , Hans Pretzsch , Freddy Ramirez Arevalo , Zorayda Restrepo-Correa , Sarah Richardson , Mirco Rodeghiero , Samir Rolim , Anand Roopsind , Francesco Rovero , Ervan Rutishauser , Purabi Saikia , Christian Salas-Eljatib , Philippe Saner , Peter Schall , Mart-Jan Schelhaas , Dmitry Schepaschenko , Michael Scherer-Lorenzen , Bernhard Schmid , Jochen Schöngart , Eric Searle , Vladimír Seben , Josep Serra-Diaz , Douglas Sheil , Anatoly Shvidenko , Ana Carolina da Silva , Javier Silva-Espejo , Marcos Silveira , James Singh , Plinio Sist , Ferry Slik , Bonaventure Sonké , Enio Egon Sosinski , Alexandre Souza , Krzysztof Stereńczak , Jens-Christian Svenning , Miroslav Svoboda , Ben Swanepoel , Natalia Targhetta , Nadja Tchebakova , Hans ter Steege , Raquel Thomas , Elena Tikhonova , Peter Umunay , Vladimir Usoltsev , Renato Valencia , Fernando Valladares , Peter van Bodegom , Fons van der Plas , Tran van Do , Michael van Nuland , Rodolfo Vasquez , Hans Verbeeck , Helder Viana , Alexander Vibrans , Simone Vieira , Klaus von Gadow , Hua-Feng Wang , James Watson , Gijsbert Werner , Florian Wittmann , Hannsjoerg Woell , Verginia Wortel , Roderick Zagt , Tomasz Zawiła-Niedźwiecki , Chunyu Zhang , Xiuhai Zhao , Mo Zhou , Zhi-Xin Zhu , Irie Zo-Bi , Constantin Zohner (1)
Lidong Mo
Haozhi Ma
Jingjing Liang
Sergio De-Miguel
Gert-Jan Nabuurs
Peter Reich
Oliver Phillips
Meinrad Abegg
Yves Adou Yao
Giorgio Alberti
Angelica Almeyda Zambrano
  • Function : Author
Braulio Vilchez Alvarado
  • Function : Author
Esteban Alvarez-Dávila
  • Function : Author
Patricia Alvarez-Loayza
  • Function : Author
Luciana Alves
Iêda Amaral
  • Function : Author
Christian Ammer
Clara Antón-Fernández
Alejandro Araujo-Murakami
  • Function : Author
Luzmila Arroyo
  • Function : Author
Valerio Avitabile
  • Function : Author
Gerardo Aymard
Timothy Baker
Radomir Bałazy
  • Function : Author
Olaf Banki
  • Function : Author
Jorcely Barroso
  • Function : Author
Meredith Bastian
Jean-Francois Bastin
Luca Birigazzi
  • Function : Author
Robert Bitariho
  • Function : Author
Pascal Boeckx
Frans Bongers
Coline Boonman
Olivier Bouriaud
Pedro Brancalion
Susanne Brandl
  • Function : Author
Francis Brearley
  • Function : Author
Roel Brienen
Eben Broadbent
  • Function : Author
Helge Bruelheide
Filippo Bussotti
  • Function : Author
Roberto Cazzolla Gatti
  • Function : Author
Ricardo César
  • Function : Author
Goran Cesljar
  • Function : Author
Robin Chazdon
Han Chen
Chelsea Chisholm
Hyunkook Cho
  • Function : Author
Emil Cienciala
Connie Clark
  • Function : Author
David Clark
  • Function : Author
Gabriel Colletta
  • Function : Author
David Coomes
Fernando Cornejo Valverde
  • Function : Author
José Corral-Rivas
Philip Crim
  • Function : Author
Jonathan Cumming
  • Function : Author
Selvadurai Dayanandan
  • Function : Author
André de Gasper
Mathieu Decuyper
Géraldine Derroire
Ben Devries
Ilija Djordjevic
  • Function : Author
Jiri Dolezal
Aurélie Dourdain
  • Function : Author
Nestor Laurier Engone Obiang
  • Function : Author
Brian Enquist
Teresa Eyre
Adandé Belarmain Fandohan
Tom Fayle
  • Function : Author
Ted Feldpausch
Leandro Ferreira
  • Function : Author
Leena Finér
  • Function : Author
Markus Fischer
Christine Fletcher
  • Function : Author
Lorenzo Frizzera
  • Function : Author
Javier Gamarra
Damiano Gianelle
Henry Glick
David Harris
Andrew Hector
Andreas Hemp
Geerten Hengeveld
Bruno Hérault
John Herbohn
Martin Herold
Peter Hietz
Annika Hillers
  • Function : Author
Eurídice Honorio Coronado
Cang Hui
Nobuo Imai
  • Function : Author
Andrzej Jagodziński
Bogdan Jaroszewicz
Vivian Kvist Johannsen
Carlos Joly
Tommaso Jucker
Ilbin Jung
  • Function : Author
Viktor Karminov
Kuswata Kartawinata
  • Function : Author
Elizabeth Kearsley
  • Function : Author
David Kenfack
Deborah Kennard
Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas
Gunnar Keppel
Mohammed Latif Khan
Timothy Killeen
  • Function : Author
Hyun Seok Kim
Kanehiro Kitayama
  • Function : Author
Michael Köhl
Henn Korjus
Florian Kraxner
Dmitry Kucher
  • Function : Author
Diana Laarmann
  • Function : Author
Mait Lang
  • Function : Author
Simon Lewis
Yuanzhi Li
  • Function : Author
Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez
Huicui Lu
  • Function : Author
Natalia Lukina
Brian Maitner
Yadvinder Malhi
  • Function : Author
Beatriz Schwantes Marimon
  • Function : Author
Ben Hur Marimon-Junior
  • Function : Author
Andrew Marshall
  • Function : Author
Emanuel Martin
  • Function : Author
James Mccarthy
Jorge Meave
Omar Melo-Cruz
  • Function : Author
Casimiro Mendoza
  • Function : Author
Irina Mendoza-Polo
  • Function : Author
Stanislaw Miscicki
  • Function : Author
Cory Merow
Abel Monteagudo Mendoza
  • Function : Author
Vanessa Moreno
  • Function : Author
Sharif Mukul
Philip Mundhenk
  • Function : Author
María Guadalupe Nava-Miranda
David Neill
Victor Neldner
Radovan Nevenic
  • Function : Author
Michael Ngugi
Pascal Niklaus
Petr Ontikov
  • Function : Author
Edgar Ortiz-Malavasi
  • Function : Author
Yude Pan
Alain Paquette
Alexander Parada-Gutierrez
  • Function : Author
Elena Parfenova
Minjee Park
  • Function : Author
Marc Parren
  • Function : Author
Narayanaswamy Parthasarathy
  • Function : Author
Pablo Peri
Sebastian Pfautsch
Nicolas Picard
Maria Teresa F. Piedade
Daniel Piotto
Nigel Pitman
Lourens Poorter
Axel Dalberg Poulsen
John Poulsen
Hans Pretzsch
Freddy Ramirez Arevalo
  • Function : Author
Zorayda Restrepo-Correa
  • Function : Author
Sarah Richardson
  • Function : Author
Mirco Rodeghiero
  • Function : Author
Samir Rolim
Anand Roopsind
  • Function : Author
Francesco Rovero
Ervan Rutishauser
  • Function : Author
Purabi Saikia
Christian Salas-Eljatib
Philippe Saner
Peter Schall
Mart-Jan Schelhaas
Dmitry Schepaschenko
Michael Scherer-Lorenzen
Bernhard Schmid
Jochen Schöngart
  • Function : Author
Eric Searle
Vladimír Seben
Josep Serra-Diaz
Douglas Sheil
Anatoly Shvidenko
Ana Carolina da Silva
Javier Silva-Espejo
  • Function : Author
Marcos Silveira
James Singh
  • Function : Author
Plinio Sist
Ferry Slik
  • Function : Author
Bonaventure Sonké
  • Function : Author
Enio Egon Sosinski
Alexandre Souza
  • Function : Author
Krzysztof Stereńczak
Jens-Christian Svenning
Miroslav Svoboda
Ben Swanepoel
  • Function : Author
Natalia Targhetta
  • Function : Author
Nadja Tchebakova
Hans ter Steege
Raquel Thomas
  • Function : Author
Elena Tikhonova
Peter Umunay
Vladimir Usoltsev
  • Function : Author
Renato Valencia
  • Function : Author
Fernando Valladares
  • Function : Author
Peter van Bodegom
Fons van der Plas
  • Function : Author
Tran van Do
Michael van Nuland
Rodolfo Vasquez
Hans Verbeeck
Helder Viana
Alexander Vibrans
Simone Vieira
Klaus von Gadow
Hua-Feng Wang
  • Function : Author
James Watson
  • Function : Author
Gijsbert Werner
  • Function : Author
Florian Wittmann
  • Function : Author
Hannsjoerg Woell
  • Function : Author
Verginia Wortel
Roderick Zagt
  • Function : Author
Tomasz Zawiła-Niedźwiecki
  • Function : Author
Chunyu Zhang
Xiuhai Zhao
Mo Zhou
  • Function : Author
Zhi-Xin Zhu
  • Function : Author
Irie Zo-Bi

Abstract

The density of wood is a key indicator of the carbon investment strategies of trees, impacting productivity and carbon storage. Despite its importance, the global variation in wood density and its environmental controls remain poorly understood, preventing accurate predictions of global forest carbon stocks. Here we analyse information from 1.1 million forest inventory plots alongside wood density data from 10,703 tree species to create a spatially explicit understanding of the global wood density distribution and its drivers. Our findings reveal a pronounced latitudinal gradient, with wood in tropical forests being up to 30% denser than that in boreal forests. In both angiosperms and gymnosperms, hydrothermal conditions represented by annual mean temperature and soil moisture emerged as the primary factors influencing the variation in wood density globally. This indicates similar environmental filters and evolutionary adaptations among distinct plant groups, underscoring the essential role of abiotic factors in determining wood density in forest ecosystems. Additionally, our study highlights the prominent role of disturbance, such as human modification and fire risk, in influencing wood density at more local scales. Factoring in the spatial variation of wood density notably changes the estimates of forest carbon stocks, leading to differences of up to 21% within biomes. Therefore, our research contributes to a deeper understanding of terrestrial biomass distribution and how environmental changes and disturbances impact forest ecosystems.
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Dates and versions

hal-04797372 , version 1 (22-11-2024)

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Lidong Mo, Thomas Crowther, Daniel Maynard, Johan van den Hoogen, Haozhi Ma, et al.. The global distribution and drivers of wood density and their impact on forest carbon stocks. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 2024, 8, pp.2195-2212. ⟨10.1038/s41559-024-02564-9⟩. ⟨hal-04797372⟩
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