A. Clayton, E. Pellizzari, R. Whitmore, J. Quackenboss, and J. Adgate, Distributions, associations, and partial aggregate exposure of pesticides and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in the Minnesota Children's Pesticide Exposure Study (MNCPES), Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology, vol.13, issue.2, pp.100-111, 2003.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.jea.7500261

R. Whyatt, D. Barr, D. Camann, P. Kinney, and J. Barr, Contemporary-Use Pesticides in Personal Air Samples during Pregnancy and Blood Samples at Delivery among Urban Minority Mothers and Newborns, Environmental Health Perspectives, vol.111, issue.5, pp.749-756, 2003.
DOI : 10.1289/ehp.5768

M. Ward, J. Lubin, J. Giglierano, J. Colt, and C. Wolter, Proximity to Crops and Residential Exposure to Agricultural Herbicides in Iowa, Environmental Health Perspectives, vol.114, issue.6, pp.893-897, 2006.
DOI : 10.1289/ehp.8770

R. Gunier, M. Ward, M. Airola, E. Bell, and J. Colt, Determinants of Agricultural Pesticide Concentrations in Carpet Dust, Environmental Health Perspectives, vol.119, issue.7, pp.970-976, 2011.
DOI : 10.1289/ehp.1002532

A. Bradman, R. Castorina, B. Barr, D. Chevrier, J. Harnly et al., Determinants of Organophosphorus Pesticide Urinary Metabolite Levels in Young Children Living in an Agricultural Community, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol.8, issue.12, pp.1061-1083, 2011.
DOI : 10.3390/ijerph8041061

A. Bretagne, Enquêtes sur les pratiques culturales en 2006: les pratiques phytosanitaires progressent avec la réglementation [in French] Ministère de l'alimentation, de l'agriculture et de la pêche Available, 2009.

T. Fukuto, Mechanism of action of organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides, Environmental Health Perspectives, vol.87, pp.245-254, 1990.
DOI : 10.1289/ehp.9087245

D. Soderlund, J. Clark, L. Sheets, L. Mullin, and V. Piccirillo, Mechanisms of pyrethroid neurotoxicity: implications for cumulative risk assessment, Toxicology, vol.171, issue.1, pp.3-59, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0300-483X(01)00569-8

F. Kamel and J. Hoppin, Association of Pesticide Exposure with Neurologic Dysfunction and Disease, Environmental Health Perspectives, vol.112, issue.9, pp.950-958, 2004.
DOI : 10.1289/ehp.7135

S. Rauch, J. Braun, D. Barr, A. Calafat, and J. Khoury, Associations of Prenatal Exposure to Organophosphate Pesticide Metabolites with Gestational Age and Birth Weight, Environmental Health Perspectives, vol.120, issue.7, pp.1055-1060, 2012.
DOI : 10.1289/ehp.1104615

M. Wolff, S. Engel, G. Berkowitz, S. Teitelbaum, and J. Siskind, Prenatal Pesticide and PCB Exposures and Birth Outcomes, Pediatric Research, vol.15, issue.2, pp.243-250, 2007.
DOI : 10.1203/pdr.0b013e31802d77f0

M. Bouchard, J. Chevrier, K. Harley, K. Kogut, and M. Vedar, Prenatal Exposure to Organophosphate Pesticides and IQ in 7-Year-Old Children, Environmental Health Perspectives, vol.119, issue.8, pp.1189-1195, 2011.
DOI : 10.1289/ehp.1003185

B. Eskenazi, L. Rosas, A. Marks, A. Bradman, and K. Harley, Pesticide Toxicity and the Developing Brain, Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, vol.16, issue.2, pp.228-236, 2008.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2007.00171.x

L. London, C. Beseler, M. Bouchard, D. Bellinger, and C. Colosio, Neurobehavioral and neurodevelopmental effects of pesticide exposures, NeuroToxicology, vol.33, issue.4, pp.887-896, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuro.2012.01.004

C. Chevrier, G. Limon, C. Monfort, F. Rouget, and R. Garlantezec, Urinary Biomarkers of Prenatal Atrazine Exposure and Adverse Birth Outcomes in the PELAGIE Birth Cohort, Environmental Health Perspectives, vol.119, issue.7, pp.1034-1041, 2011.
DOI : 10.1289/ehp.1002775

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00682592

C. Petit, C. Chevrier, G. Durand, C. Monfort, and F. Rouget, Impact on fetal growth of prenatal exposure to pesticides due to agricultural activities: a prospective cohort study in Brittany, France, Environmental Health, vol.112, issue.Suppl 4, p.71, 2010.
DOI : 10.1289/ehp.6641

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00663711

H. Xiang, J. Nuckols, and L. Stallones, A Geographic Information Assessment of Birth Weight and Crop Production Patterns around Mother's Residence, Environmental Research, vol.82, issue.2, pp.160-167, 2000.
DOI : 10.1006/enrs.1999.4009

D. Schreinemachers, Birth Malformations and Other Adverse Perinatal Outcomes in Four U.S. Wheat-Producing States, Environmental Health Perspectives, vol.111, issue.9, pp.1259-1264, 2003.
DOI : 10.1289/ehp.5830

J. Lindon, E. Holmes, M. Bollard, E. Stanley, and J. Nicholson, Metabonomics technologies and their applications in physiological monitoring, drug safety assessment and disease diagnosis, Biomarkers, vol.265, issue.1, pp.1-31, 2004.
DOI : 10.1039/b304296k

J. Vlaanderen, L. Moore, M. Smith, Q. Lan, and L. Zhang, Application of OMICS technologies in occupational and environmental health research; current status and projections, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, vol.67, issue.2, pp.136-143, 2010.
DOI : 10.1136/oem.2008.042788

D. Robertson, P. Watkins, and M. Reily, Metabolomics in Toxicology: Preclinical and Clinical Applications, Toxicological Sciences, vol.120, issue.Supplement 1, pp.146-70, 2011.
DOI : 10.1093/toxsci/kfq358

C. Kuo, K. Wang, T. Tian, M. Tsai, and Y. Chiung, Metabolomic Characterization of Laborers Exposed to Welding Fumes, Chemical Research in Toxicology, vol.25, issue.3, pp.676-686, 2012.
DOI : 10.1021/tx200465e

J. Ellis, T. Athersuch, L. Thomas, F. Teichert, and M. Perez-trujillo, Metabolic profiling detects early effects of environmental and lifestyle exposure to cadmium in a human population, BMC Medicine, vol.193, issue.Suppl 1, p.61, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/0003-2697(91)90011-H

J. Nicholson, J. Lindon, and E. Holmes, 'Metabonomics': understanding the metabolic responses of living systems to pathophysiological stimuli via multivariate statistical analysis of biological NMR spectroscopic data, Xenobiotica, vol.13, issue.11, pp.1181-1189, 1999.
DOI : 10.1002/elps.1150191118

P. Elliott and T. Peakman, The UK Biobank sample handling and storage protocol for the collection, processing and archiving of human blood and urine, International Journal of Epidemiology, vol.37, issue.2, pp.234-244, 2008.
DOI : 10.1093/ije/dym276

A. Maher, S. Zirah, E. Holmes, and J. Nicholson, H NMR Spectroscopy-Based Metabolic Phenotyping Studies, Analytical Chemistry, vol.79, issue.14, pp.5204-5211, 2007.
DOI : 10.1021/ac070212f

L. Eriksson, E. Johansson, N. Kettaneh-wold, J. Trygg, and C. Wikstrom, Multi-and megavariate data analysis part I. basic principles and applications. Second revised and enlarged edition, 2006.

S. Wold, H. Antti, F. Lindgren, and J. Ohman, Orthogonal signal correction of near-infrared spectra, Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems, vol.44, issue.1-2, pp.175-185, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0169-7439(98)00109-9

S. Kochhar, D. Jacobs, Z. Ramadan, F. Berruex, and A. Fuerholz, Probing gender-specific metabolism differences in humans by nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabonomics, Analytical Biochemistry, vol.352, issue.2, pp.274-281, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ab.2006.02.033

H. Bertram, J. Duus, B. Petersen, C. Hoppe, and A. Larnkjaer, Nuclear magnetic resonance???based metabonomics reveals strong sex effect on plasma metabolism in 17-year???old Scandinavians and correlation to retrospective infant plasma parameters, Metabolism, vol.58, issue.7, pp.1039-1045, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.metabol.2009.03.011

H. Gu, Z. Pan, B. Xi, B. Hainline, and N. Shanaiah, H NMR metabolomics study of age profiling in children, NMR in Biomedicine, vol.8, issue.6, pp.826-833, 2009.
DOI : 10.1002/nbm.1395

D. Adamo, P. Ulivi, S. Beneduci, A. Pontoni, G. Capasso et al., Metabonomics and population studies: age-related amino acids excretion and inferring networks through the study of urine samples in two Italian isolated populations, Amino Acids, vol.38, pp.65-73, 2010.

F. Petrat, K. Boengler, R. Schulz, and H. De-groot, Glycine, a simple physiological compound protecting by yet puzzling mechanism(s) against ischaemia-reperfusion injury: current knowledge, British Journal of Pharmacology, vol.6, issue.1, pp.2059-2072, 2012.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01711.x

H. Li, S. Wu, Q. Ma, and N. Shi, The pesticide deltamethrin increases free radical production and promotes nuclear translocation of the stress response transcription factor Nrf2 in rat brain, Toxicology and Industrial Health, vol.284, issue.7, pp.579-590, 2011.
DOI : 10.1177/0748233710393400

J. Lee, J. Park, I. Shin, and H. Koh, Reactive oxygen species regulated mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in PC12 cells exposed to chlorpyrifos, Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, vol.263, issue.2, pp.148-162, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.taap.2012.06.005

K. Verwaest, T. Vu, K. Laukens, L. Clemens, and H. Nguyen, 1H NMR based metabolomics of CSF and blood serum: A metabolic profile for a transgenic rat model of Huntington disease, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease, vol.1812, issue.11, pp.1371-1379, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bbadis.2011.08.001

J. Klein, Membrane breakdown in acute and chronic neurodegeneration: focus on choline-containing phospholipids, Journal of Neural Transmission, vol.107, issue.8-9, pp.1027-1063, 2000.
DOI : 10.1007/s007020070051

G. Boehm, H. Cervantes, G. Georgi, J. Jelinek, and G. Sawatzki, Effect of Increasing Dietary Threonine Intakes on Amino Acid Metabolism of the Central Nervous System and Peripheral Tissues in Growing Rats, Pediatric Research, vol.88, issue.6, pp.900-906, 1998.
DOI : 10.1203/00006450-199812000-00013

T. Regnault, J. Friedman, R. Wilkening, R. Anthony, and J. Hay, Fetoplacental transport and utilization of amino acids in IUGR ??? a review, Placenta, vol.26, pp.52-62, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.placenta.2005.01.003

I. Tea, L. Gall, G. Kuster, A. Guignard, N. Alexandre-gouabau et al., 1H-NMR-Based Metabolic Profiling of Maternal and Umbilical Cord Blood Indicates Altered Materno-Foetal Nutrient Exchange in Preterm Infants, PLoS ONE, vol.65, issue.1, p.29947, 2012.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0029947.t002

M. Munoz-quezada, V. Iglesias, B. Lucero, K. Steenland, and D. Barr, Predictors of exposure to organophosphate pesticides in schoolchildren in the Province of Talca, Chile, Environment International, vol.47, pp.28-36, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.envint.2012.06.002

E. Lenz, J. Bright, I. Wilson, A. Hughes, and J. Morrisson, Metabonomics, dietary influences and cultural differences: a 1H NMR-based study of urine samples obtained from healthy British and Swedish subjects, Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, vol.36, issue.4, pp.841-849, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jpba.2004.08.002