M. I. Asher, S. Montefort, and B. Bjorksten, Worldwide time trends in the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in childhood: ISAAC Phases One and Three repeat multicountry cross-sectional surveys, Lancet, vol.368, issue.9537, pp.733-743, 2006.

S. S. Panesar, S. Javad, and D. De-silva, The epidemiology of anaphylaxis in Europe: a systematic review, Allergy, vol.68, issue.11, pp.1353-1361, 2013.

P. J. Turner, M. H. Gowland, and V. Sharma, Increase in anaphylaxis-related hospitalizations but no increase in fatalities: an analysis of United Kingdom national anaphylaxis data, 1992-2012, J Allergy Clin Immunol, vol.135, issue.4, pp.956-963, 2015.

K. D. Jackson, L. D. Howie, and L. J. Akinbami, Trends in allergic conditions among children: United States, NCHS data brief, vol.2013, issue.121, pp.1-8, 1997.

B. I. Nwaru, L. Hickstein, S. S. Panesar, G. Roberts, A. Muraro et al., Prevalence of common food allergies in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Allergy, vol.69, issue.8, pp.992-1007, 2014.

G. Lack, Epidemiologic risks for food allergy, J Allergy Clin Immunol, vol.121, issue.6, pp.1331-1336, 2008.

D. Toit, G. Foong, R. X. Lack, and G. , The role of dietary interventions in the prevention of IgE-mediated food allergy in children, Pediatr Allergy Immunol, vol.28, issue.3, pp.222-229, 2017.

A. Høst, S. Halken, and A. Muraro, Dietary prevention of allergic diseases in infants and small children, Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, vol.19, issue.1, pp.1-4, 2008.

E. C. Mcgowan, G. R. Bloomberg, and P. J. Gergen, Influence of early-life exposures on food sensitization and food allergy in an inner-city birth cohort, J Allergy Clin Immunol, vol.135, issue.1, pp.171-261, 2015.

A. Muraro, S. Halken, and S. H. Arshad, EAACI food allergy and anaphylaxis guidelines. Primary prevention of food allergy, Allergy, vol.69, issue.5, pp.590-601, 2014.

C. Agostoni, C. Braegger, and T. Decsi, Breast-feeding: A commentary by the ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, vol.49, issue.1, pp.112-125, 2009.

M. Fewtrell, J. Bronsky, and C. Campoy, Complementary Feeding: A Position Paper by the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) Committee on Nutrition, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, vol.64, issue.1, pp.119-132, 2017.

S. L. Liao, S. H. Lai, and K. W. Yeh, Exclusive breastfeeding is associated with reduced cow's milk sensitization in early childhood, Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, vol.25, issue.5, pp.456-461, 2014.

C. J. Lodge, D. J. Tan, and M. X. Lau, Breastfeeding and asthma and allergies: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Acta Paediatr, vol.104, issue.467, pp.38-53, 2015.

V. Bion, G. A. Lockett, and N. Soto-ramirez, Evaluating the efficacy of breastfeeding guidelines on long-term outcomes for allergic disease, Allergy, vol.71, issue.5, pp.661-670, 2016.

Y. Vandenplas, J. Bhatia, and R. Shamir, Hydrolyzed formulas for allergy prevention, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, vol.58, issue.5, pp.549-552, 2014.

H. Szajewska and A. Horvath, A partially hydrolyzed 100% whey formula and the risk of eczema and any allergy: an updated meta-analysis. The World Allergy Organization journal, vol.10, p.27, 2017.

R. J. Boyle, D. Ierodiakonou, and T. Khan, Hydrolysed formula and risk of allergic or autoimmune disease: systematic review and meta-analysis, Ann Nutr Metab, vol.352, issue.2, pp.38-45, 2016.

D. A. Osborn, J. K. Sinn, and L. J. Jones, Infant formulas containing hydrolysed protein for prevention of allergic disease, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, vol.10, p.3664, 2018.

C. P. Braegger, Recommandations pour l'alimentation des nourrissons, 2017.

. Paediatrica, , vol.28, pp.11-15, 2017.

F. R. Greer, S. H. Sicherer, A. W. Burks, and S. Lioret, The Effects of Early Nutritional Interventions on the Development of Atopic Disease in Infants and Children: The Role of Maternal Dietary Restriction, Breastfeeding, Hydrolyzed Formulas, and Timing of Introduction of Allergenic Complementary Foods. Pediatrics. 2019. 23. de Lauzon-Guillain B, Davisse-Paturet C, Matern Child Nutr, vol.14, issue.1, 2018.

, Commission E. Commission Delegated Regulation

, No 609/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the specific compositional and information requirements for infant formula and follow-on formula and as regards requirements on information relating to infant and young child feeding (Text with EEA relevance), September 2015 supplementing Regulation (EU)

S. Vandentorren, C. Bois, and C. Pirus, Rationales, design and recruitment for the Elfe longitudinal study, BMC Pediatr, vol.9, p.58, 2009.

S. Koletzko, B. Niggemann, and A. Arato, Diagnostic approach and management of cow's-milk protein allergy in infants and children: ESPGHAN GI Committee practical guidelines, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, vol.55, issue.2, pp.221-229, 2012.

M. Bournez, E. Ksiazek, and S. Wagner, Factors associated with the introduction of complementary feeding in the French ELFE cohort study, Matern Child Nutr, vol.14, issue.2, p.12536, 2018.

H. Juillard, Weighting of Elfe survey data at time 0

U. Hoppu, M. Kalliomaki, K. Laiho, and E. Isolauri, Breast milk--immunomodulatory signals against allergic diseases, Allergy, vol.56, pp.23-26, 2001.

A. Berg, S. Koletzko, and B. Filipiak-pittroff, Certain hydrolyzed formulas reduce the incidence of atopic dermatitis but not that of asthma: three-year results of the German Infant Nutritional Intervention Study, J Allergy Clin Immunol, vol.119, issue.3, pp.718-725, 2007.

D. Dupont, R. Boutrou, and O. Menard, Heat Treatment of Milk During Powder Manufacture Increases Casein Resistance to Simulated Infant Digestion, Food Digestion, vol.1, issue.1-2, pp.28-39, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01454180

A. Spdp, Asthme de l'enfant de moins de 36 mois : diagnostic, prise en charge et traitement en dehors des épisodes aigus. France: Haute Autorité de Santé, 2009.

D. S. Bui, H. E. Walters, and J. A. Burgess, Childhood Respiratory Risk Factor Profiles and Middle-Age Lung Function: A Prospective Cohort Study from the First to Sixth Decade, Annals of the American Thoracic Society, vol.15, issue.9, pp.1057-1066, 2018.

D. Belgrave, R. Granell, and S. W. Turner, Lung function trajectories from preschool age to adulthood and their associations with early life factors: a retrospective analysis of three population-based birth cohort studies. The Lancet Respiratory medicine, vol.6, pp.526-534, 2018.

M. Kilpelainen, E. O. Terho, H. Helenius, and M. Koskenvuo, Validation of a new questionnaire on asthma, allergic rhinitis, and conjunctivitis in young adults, Allergy, vol.56, issue.5, pp.377-384, 2001.

M. Westman, C. Lupinek, and J. Bousquet, Early childhood IgE reactivity to pathogenesis-related class 10 proteins predicts allergic rhinitis in adolescence, J Allergy Clin Immunol, vol.135, issue.5, pp.1199-1206, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02146839

M. Fernandez, C. Fernandez-benitez, M. , P. Miranda, M. et al., Validation of the Spanish version of the Phase III ISAAC questionnaire on asthma, Journal of investigational allergology & clinical immunology, vol.15, issue.3, pp.201-210, 2005.

Y. Vandenplas, P. Alarcon, and D. Fleischer, Should Partial Hydrolysates Be Used as Starter Infant Formula? A Working Group Consensus, J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr, vol.62, issue.1, pp.22-35, 2016.

K. J. Allen, A. J. Lowe, and S. C. Dharmage, The role of hydrolysates for atopy prevention--con, Pediatr Allergy Immunol, vol.24, issue.8, pp.724-726, 2013.

A. Berg, The role of hydrolysates for allergy prevention--pro, Pediatr Allergy Immunol, vol.24, issue.8, pp.720-723, 2013.

A. Berg, S. Koletzko, and A. Grubl, The effect of hydrolyzed cow's milk formula for allergy prevention in the first year of life: the German Infant Nutritional Intervention Study, a randomized double-blind trial, J Allergy Clin Immunol, vol.111, issue.3, pp.533-540, 2003.

, adjusted for parental allergy history, sibling allergy history, age at first attendance at collective care arrangement, first physician seen after discharge, maternal education level and age at first child, parental place of birth, family monthly income per consumption unit, size of town of residence, maternal smoking status, passive smoking, gestational age at birth, sex, mode of delivery, any breastfeeding duration, number of people per room living in the household, recruitment wave, maternity unit size and level, and mother's region of residence. Among infants with familial history of allergy, analyses were also adjusted for the origin (parents or siblings) of this familial history of allergy, Values are adjusted odds-ratio (95%CI) from multinomial logistic regressions, with nHF as the reference group

, adjusted for parental allergy history, sibling allergy history, age at first attendance at collective care arrangement, first physician seen after discharge, maternal education level and age at first child, parental place of birth, family monthly income per consumption unit, size of town of residence, maternal smoking status, passive smoking, gestational age at birth, sex, mode of delivery, any breastfeeding duration, number of people per room living in the household, recruitment wave, maternity unit size and level, and mother's region of residence. Among infants with familial history of allergy, analyses were also adjusted for the origin (parents or siblings) of this familial history of allergy, Values are adjusted odds-ratio (95%CI) from multinomial logistic regressions, with nHF as the reference group