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, sur photographies aériennes qui fournissent des incertitudes moyennes de ±20cm, la méthode d'estimation des niveaux d'eau utilise des images satellitaires RADAR de crue et un MNT fin. Elle repose sur 1) une phase de télédétection pour cartographier l'inondation et analyser la pertinence de ses limites pour l'estimation des niveaux d'eau, 2) une phase d'analyse spatiale dans laquelle les niveaux d'eau sont estimés par croisement entre les limites pertinentes et un MNT fin, puis contraints par le schéma de circulation des eaux. Les estimations de niveaux d'eau obtenues ont une incertitude moyenne de ±38cm pour une image RADARSAT-1 d, 1997.

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, Pour aider la modélisation hydraulique, la démarche proposée vise à réduire le phénomène d'équifinalité grâce aux images satellitaires. Pour cela, un calage « traditionnel » à partir d'hydrogrammes observés est complété par la comparaison entre résultats du modèle et surfaces inondées ou niveaux d'eau extraits des images. Pour cerner les incertitudes du calage, des simulations Monte-Carlo ont été mises en place. En perspective, la prévision de l'évolution d'une crue après acquisition d'une image devrait bénéficier de modèles mieux contraints grâce à l

, Mots clés : Télédétection spatiale, inondation, cohérence hydraulique, Modèle Numérique de Terrain (MNT), modélisation hydraulique, équifinalité, simulations