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G. and L. Gpr54, Une perfusion i.v. de KP est non seulement capable de synchroniser les ovulations chez la brebis cyclique, mais également d'induire un cycle chez la brebis en anoestrus. L'objectif de ma thèse a été d'étudier la neuroanatomie du système KP / GnRH, et de définir des applications potentielles du KP dans le contrôle du cycle chez la jument cyclique et en anoestrus. Nos résultats ont permis de montrer que 1) le KP interagit avec le système GnRH au niveau hypothalamique, 2) une perfusion i.v. de KP en début de phase folliculaire conduit à une stimulation -quoique transitoire -de la sécrétion des gonadotropines, 3) une capacité limitée pour reconstituer le stock en GnRH et / ou LH / FSH pourrait expliquer la nature transitoire de la stimulation par le KP, 4) une perfusion de KP pendant 3 jours, depuis le début de la phase folliculaire, tend à avancer le pic péri-ovulatoire de LH et l'ovulation, 5) une perfusion plus longue (soit plus de 3 jours) de KP, pendant toute la phase folliculaire, n'induit pas une ovulation plus précoce, 6) pendant la saison d'anoestrus, une perfusion de KP, Résumé Les kisspeptides (KP), puissants sécrétagogues de la GnRH

, En conclusion, bien que l'utilisation potentielle du KP pour synchroniser ou induire l'ovulation pendant la saison de reproduction semble discutable, sa capacité à induire des cycles durant la période d'anoestrus présente un intérêt et mérite des études plus approfondies. Mots clés : kisspeptide, jument, gonadotropines, phase folliculaire, anoestrus

. Kisspeptins, Our results showed that 1) KP interact with GnRH systems at the hypothalamic level, 2) an i.v. infusion of KP during early follicular phase leads to an enhanced -albeit transient -secretion of gonadotropins, 3) a limited ability to replenish GnRH and/or LH/FSH stores might explain the transient nature of the KP stimulation, 4) an infusion of KP for 3 days, since early follicular phase, modestly advances the periovulatory LH surge and the ovulation, 5) a longer (i.e. more than 3 days) infusion of KP during all the follicular phase does not lead to precocious ovulation, 6) during the anoestrus season, an infusion of KP for 3 days heightens LH secretion, with however a lower intensity to that observed with an infusion of GnRH