AbstractBees are important insects both environmentally and economically. Despite this, most bee species are poorly characterized regarding their morphology and nesting habits, which are relevant characteristics for planning management and conservation. Plebeia flavocincta is a stingless bee species that occurs in the Northeast region of Brazil and there is little knowledge about its morphology and nesting biology. Here, we morphologically characterize Plebeia flavocincta workers from 54 colonies and use seven colonies to describe the structure of the species’ nest. All nests were found in seasonally dry forest areas in different substrates, namely, hollow of native trees, wall, post, and wooden boxes. The structure of the species’ nest was detailed in terms of the number, shape, and area of the combs; brood cell size; size of food pots; nest size; and honey volume. Plebeia flavocincta is found in both natural and urban environments. The structure of the nest of Plebeia flavocincta is similar to that found in other species of the same genus. This is the first nest diagnosis study of the species. In addition, by establishing morphological data to recognize Plebeia flavocincta, this study provides useful information for management and conservation plans for the species.