Managing biodiversity has often been presented as a means to conciliate or even hybridize the “world” of agriculture and the “world” of nature protection. But we think that the relationships between these two worlds started before the rise of biodiversity and that they continue to be very diverse: emerging, developing or coming to an end; fraught with tensions or collaborative. We hence seek to propose a more subtle vision of the changing relationships between agriculture and environment, drawing on Actor Network Theory and environmental history. We carried out a sociological survey in three alpine parks (Bauges, Mercantour, Vanoise) where local entrepreneurs have opened trading zones between pastoralism and nature conservation: these are unstable and shifting areas, which people enter or leave, in which they move and meet, but also from which they flee. We show that the production of norms is less important than the conduct of experiments: experiments take place both on a social level (professional trajectories and identities are constructed) and on a technical and scientific level (knowledge is produced and/or shared, practices are modified).