This research takes part in a PhD work aiming to develop an assessment methodology for local environmental impacts of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management in order to provide elements of choice to local decision-makers. MSW management is a local issue managed under the responsibility of French local authorities. These local authorities are currently threatened by a shortage risk of treatment facilities for MSW. This shortage is the result of overall treatment capacity reduction of existing facilities and, concomitantly the result of the low number of new facilities. The latter is linked to a social context rarely favourable to the construction and operation of these new plants. The damage to health and quality of life are part of the panel of arguments used by opponents. To integrate environmental considerations, decision-makers use some environmental tools like Ecological Footprint, Carbon Footprint or Life Cycle Assessment. Because of its ability to assess global and multiple impacts, LCA is one of these tools that is used the more often. LCA enables to evaluate potential environmental impacts of a product or a system by identifying and quantifying the inputs and outputs associated for each impact category. LCA is an iterative methodology and is composed by four successive steps: goal and scope definition, inventory analysis, impact assessment and interpretation of results. However, the LCA tool does not consider the characteristics of the involved territory and consequently local assessments are not possible. Nevertheless, such a consideration appears necessary for local impacts such as toxicity and odours. Indeed, including local impacts is essential to obtain the support from people for the waste management project. To assess local impact with LCA, our work focuses on the third step of LCA: impact assessment. LCA usually assumes an impacted standard environment using a Site Generic approach. When local impacts are assessed, this approach is irrelevant because it does not take into account the emission characteristics, the environmental distribution, the background concentration and the sensitivity of the target (Potting and Hauschild, 1997a). To integrate these local parameters in assessment the Site Dependent approach can be used. This paper focuses on a methodological development aiming to locally and quantitatively assess toxicity generated by MSW incinerator. The methodology considers the system “source/target” integrating emission conditions and parameters of impacted environment with the use of the USEtox model, a steady-state model to estimate toxicity impact in LCA. It has been adapted for local conditions and used to obtain environmental concentrations in order to build characterization factors. The methodology described has been implemented with a case study: the atmospheric emissions of 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) caused by the incineration of MSW have been assessed using the USEtox steady-state model. The proposed methodology allows us to calculate an exposure concentration from background concentration and to assess the effect analysis, factor and impact characterization. At the end of the case study, we identified the main limits of the new methodology were identified: the toxicity impact as differentiation element for decision, nested model versus meshed model, the analysis of case study results and potential rights to pollute. The impact characterization for TCDD was not relevant because the inventory data is too low related regulatory and incinerator technical improvements.