The world is experiencing a biodiversity crisis. Recent studies have shown that important changes in biodiversity (unprecedented shifts in the species composition of ecological assemblages) (Dornelas at al 2014; Magurran et al 2015; McGill et al 2015) and biodiversity loss (Newbold et al 2015) together threaten the world's ecosystems and the services they provide. Biodiversity change is linked to the transformations of natural habitats, invasive species and climate change. In face to such wide changes, new international initiatives such as IPBES (http://www.ipbes.net/), Future Earth (http://www.futureearth.org/) seek to build global capacity to promote the sustainable use and conservation of biodiversity. However, despite these efforts, global biodiversity, and the ecosystem functions it supports, is increasingly threatened by anthropogenic impacts. Yet it is still difficult to assess progress towards the Aichi Biodiversity Targets for 2011-2020 set by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). To focus priorities, ecologists have proposed classes of 'essential biodiversity variables' EBV's, including species traits and populations, and ecosystem function and structure. But measuring these on the ground is laborious and limited. The open access availability of satellite images from new sensors characterized by various spatial and temporal resolutions provides new challenges and possibilities for biodiversity conservation. Key parameter derived from Remote sensing data (RS) could be used to develop a set of the EBV's indicators. The joint use of remote sensing data sources with various spatial, temporal and spectral resolutions is essential for accessing the different descriptors of natural habitats. Issues of scalability remain challenging with a view towards upscaling to a global level. Still RS-EBV's present some limitations but they constitute a promising basis to support policy-making in order to fulfil the conservation strategy.