First analysis of a large panel of restoration operations on riverbanks with soil bioengineering techniques in France
Première analyse d'un échantillon important de travaux de restauration de berges par des techniques de génie végétal en France
Résumé
Streambanks form edges between aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Natural riparian habitats are known for their great biodiversity, which is extremely high compared to their relative area. However, human constructions are often built close to the water. Streambank protection works with bioengineering techniques can be a compromise both for protecting human issues and preserving riparian biodiversity. However we don't know precisely what technique can be used in which conditions and this lack of knowledge and experience feedback is one of the main obstacles to bioengineering techniques development. The present study aimed to assess the influence of some hydromorphological variables on the choice of the different bank-toe technique and if the riprap is restricted to the harsher conditions. The variables considered here are the stream width, slope and the location of the work in the meander. BDGeniVeg is a database with soil bioengineering works and their characteristics in France. The inventory of works consists of bibliography and field work. Information is gathered in six groups: the work itself (e.g. location, streambank features), the stream (section in front of the bioengineering work), the soil bioengineering techniques, the origin of the data (institute, project), the plant species and field trip information (current condition of the techniques). Our sample represented 267 works in France. We studied 5 techniques: fascine, wattle fence, comb, cribwall and riprap. We showed that riprap were used in harder conditions (steeper, wider stream) than the others techniques. Cribwalls were used on steeper streams in contrast to combs.